RESUMO
Here, we report a high performance biosensor based on (i) a Cu2+-DNA/MoS2 hybrid structure and (ii) a field effect transistor, which we refer to as a bio-FET, presenting a high sensitivity of 1.7 × 103 A/A. This high sensitivity was achieved by using a DNA nanostructure with copper ions (Cu2+) that induced a positive polarity in the DNA (receptor). This strategy improved the detecting ability for doxorubicin-like molecules (target) that have a negative polarity. Very short distance between the biomolecules and the sensor surface was obtained without using a dielectric layer, contributing to the high sensitivity. We first investigated the effect of doxorubicin on DNA/MoS2 and Cu2+-DNA/MoS2 nanostructures using Raman spectroscopy and Kelvin force probe microscopy. Then, we analyzed the sensing mechanism and performance in DNA/MoS2- and Cu2+-DNA/MoS2-based bio-FETs by electrical measurements (ID-VG at various VD) for various concentrations of doxorubicin. Finally, successful operation of the Cu2+-DNA/MoS2 bio-FET was demonstrated for six cycles (each cycle consisted of four steps: 2 preparation steps, a sensing step, and an erasing step) with different doxorubicin concentrations. The bio-FET showed excellent reusability, which has not been achieved previously in 2D biosensors.
RESUMO
We report the efficiency enhancement of III-V InGaP/GaAs/ Ge triple-junction (TJ) solar cells using a novel structure, i.e., vertically-oriented gallium oxide hydroxide (GaOOH) nanopillars (NPs), as an antireflection coating. The optical reflectance properties of rhombus-shaped GaOOH NPs, which were synthesized by a simple, low-cost, and large-scalable electrochemical deposition method, were investigated, together with a theoretical analysis using the rigorous coupled-wave analysis method. For the GaOOH NPs, the solar weighted reflectance of ~8.5% was obtained over a wide wavelength range of 300-1800 nm and their surfaces exhibited a high water contact angle of ~130° (i.e., hydrophobicity). To simply demonstrate the feasibility of device applications, the GaOOH NPs were incorporated into a test-grown InGaP/GaAs/Ge TJ solar cell structure. For the InGaP/GaAs/Ge TJ solar cell with broadband antireflective GaOOH NPs, the conversion efficiency (η) of ~16.47% was obtained, indicating an increased efficiency by 3.47% compared to the bare solar cell (i.e., η~13%).
RESUMO
We report the efficiency enhancement of III-V InGaP/GaAs/ Ge triple-junction (TJ) solar cells using a novel structure, i.e., vertically-oriented gallium oxide hydroxide (GaOOH) nanopillars (NPs), as an antireflection coating. The optical reflectance properties of rhombus-shaped GaOOH NPs, which were synthesized by a simple, low-cost, and large-scalable electrochemical deposition method, were investigated, together with a theoretical analysis using the rigorous coupled-wave analysis method. For the GaOOH NPs, the solar weighted reflectance of ~8.5% was obtained over a wide wavelength range of 300-1800 nm and their surfaces exhibited a high water contact angle of ~130° (i.e., hydrophobicity). To simply demonstrate the feasibility of device applications, the GaOOH NPs were incorporated into a test-grown InGaP/GaAs/Ge TJ solar cell structure. For the InGaP/GaAs/Ge TJ solar cell with broadband antireflective GaOOH NPs, the conversion efficiency (η) of ~16.47% was obtained, indicating an increased efficiency by 3.47% compared to the bare solar cell (i.e., η~13%).
RESUMO
We demonstrated the efficiency improvement of GaAs single-junction (SJ) solar cells with the single-material zinc sulfide (ZnS) bi-layer based on the porous/dense film structure, which was fabricated by the glancing angle deposition (GLAD) method, as an antireflection (AR) coating layer. The porous ZnS film with a low refractive index was formed at a high incident vapor flux angle of 80° in the GLAD. Each optimum thickness of ZnS bi-layer was determined by achieving the lowest solar weighted reflectance (SWR) using a rigorous coupled-wave analysis method in the wavelength region of 350-900 nm, extracting the thicknesses of 20 and 50 nm for dense and porous films, respectively. The ZnS bi-layer with a low SWR of ~5.8% considerably increased the short circuit current density (J(sc)) of the GaAs SJ solar cell to 25.57 mA/cm(2), which leads to a larger conversion efficiency (η) of 20.61% compared to the conventional one without AR layer (i.e., SWR~31%, J(sc) = 18.81 mA/cm(2), and η = 14.82%). Furthermore, after the encapsulation, its J(sc) and η values were slightly increased to 25.67 mA/cm(2) and 20.71%, respectively. For the fabricated solar cells, angle-dependent reflectance properties and external quantum efficiency were also studied.
