[Neurological and psychological sequelae in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who had received radiotherapy and intrathecal methotrexate]. / Secuelas neurológicas y psicológicas que deja la radioterapia o el metotrexate intratecal en niños con leucemia linfoblástica aguda.

UNLABELLED: Our objective was to compare the neurologic and psychological sequelae of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after three or more years without antineoplasic treatment who underwent cranial irradiation plus intrathecal methotrexate (Group 1) or just intrathecal methotrexate (Group 2). In both groups, a neurologic evaluation, electroencephalogram (EEG) and cranial computed tomography (CCT) were performed. Intellectual quotient and the Bender test were done for the psychological evaluation. Investigators did not know the kind of treatment of each patient. STATISTICS: Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney U. There were fourteen patients in group 1 and eight patients in group 2. Intellectual quotient was statistically lower in the first group (median 83.5) than in the second (90.5). Neurologic impairments were found in one patient of each group, alterations of the EEG were found in 6 and 4 in group 1 and 2, respectively, and in the CCT of two patients in group 2 without statistical difference. Children with ALL after cranial irradiation have a greater alteration of intellectual performance than children with intrathecal methotrexate. Neurologic alterations were seen in both groups.

Hiperparatiroidismo primario en ninos Informe de dos casos y revision de la literatura. / Primary hyperthyroidism in childreen. Report of 2 cases and review of the literature

Se informa acerca de dos pacientes menores de 15 anos con hiperparatiroidismo primario de caracteristicas clinicas poco frecuentes: uno sufria tumores en el femur derecho y hemicara izquierda asociados a desnutricion grave y el otro artritis importante de ambas rodillas y poca repercusion osea. En este ultimo se localizo un adenoma paratiroideo por medio de la ultrasonografia. Se revisaron 67 casos publicados hasta 1981, 40 en ninos y 27 en ninas; 57 tenian adenomas y 10 hiperparasia-glandular. Los sintomas y signos referidos con mayor frecuencia en el nino son: fatigabilidad, anorexia, vomito, perdida de peso, detencion del crecimiento, osteoporosis y artritis, mientras que en los adultos, las manifestaciones clinicas se relacionan con litiasis de vias urinarias, trastornos oseos, ulcera peptica y pancreatitis. En ninos, la etiologia mas frecuente es un adenoma paratiroideo, con dimensiones mayores a 1.5 cms, histologicamente compuesto de celulas principales. Se Sugiere que el estudio ultrasonografico de cuello sea utilizado habitualmente para la localizacion del tumor