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1.
Rev. estomatol. Hered ; 30(3): 145-152, jul-sep 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1180911

RESUMO

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar la satisfacción de los pacientes que recibieron un servicio odontológico en un hospital en Lima. Material y métodos: El estudio fue observacional, transversal y descriptivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 702 pacientes. Se utilizó el instrumento SERVQUAL modificado para determinar la satisfacción del paciente. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores o igual a 18 años de edad con derecho de ser atendidos que acudieron al área odontológica. Resultados: La frecuencia de pacientes insatisfechos fue de 88,6%, siendo 622 de 702 (p=0,000). La insatisfacción fue mayor en pacientes con una edad entre 35-49 años con un 34,5% y en pacientes que acudían a diagnóstico con un 30,9%; siendo en estos casos estadísticamente significativo. Conclusiones: La mayoría de pacientes que recibieron atención en el servicio odontológico estuvieron insatisfechos con la atención.


SUMMARY Objective: To determine the satisfaction of patients who received a dental service in a hospital in Lima. Material and methods: The study was observational, cross-sectional and descriptive. The sample consisted of 702 patients. The modified SERVQUAL instrument was used to determine patient satisfaction. Patients older than or equal to 18 years of age with the right to be treated who attended the dental area were included. Results: The frequency of dissatisfied patients was 88.6%, being 622 of 702 (p = 0.000). Dissatisfaction was greater in patients aged between 35-49 years with 34.5% and in patients who went to diagnosis with 30.9%; being statistically significant in these cases. Conclusions: Most patients who received care in the dental service were dissatisfied with the care.

2.
Rev. méd. hered ; 31(1): 12-16, ene.-mar. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144804

RESUMO

Resumen Objetivos: Identificar la ocurrencia de casos de embarazo, nacimientos y aborto en participantes de ensayos clinicos en fases III y IV, en Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio de análisis de datos secundarios, retrospectivo, de todos los casos de embarazo ocurridos durante la realización de ensayos clínicos, en el periodo 2010 al 2015. Los datos se obtuvieron del sistema virtual REAS-NET, del Instituto Nacional de Salud para el reporte de eventos adversos serios. Se utilizó la prueba de Fisher y Chi cuadrado para el análisis de las variables. Resultados: Se encontraron 30 casos de embarazos de pacientes enroladas en los ensayos clínicos, 24 de ellos en ensayos de fase III. El rango de edad fue 19 a 44 años, 21 casos terminaron en aborto. Ninguna de las variables estudiadas presentó asociación significativa con el resultado del embarazo: aborto y nacido vivo normal. Conclusiones: Se encontraron embarazos en las participantes en ensayos clínicos de fase III y IV, la edad correspondió a la edad fértil de las mujeres.


Summary Objectives: To identify the occurrence of cases of pregnancy, births and abortion in participants of clinical trials in phases III and IV, in Peru. Methods: Retrospective secondary data analysis study of all cases of pregnancy that occurred during clinical trials, in the period 2010 to 2015. The data were obtained from the virtual system REAS-NET, of the National Institute of Health for the report of serious adverse events. The Fisher and Chi square test was used to analyze the variables. Results: 30 cases of pregnancies of patients enrolled in clinical trials were found, 24 of them in phase III trials. The age range was 19 to 44 years, 21 cases ended in abortion. None of the variables studied presented a significant association with the outcome of pregnancy: abortion and normal live birth. Conclusions: Pregnancies were found in the participants in phase III and IV clinical trials, the age corresponded to the fertile age of the women.

3.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 57(2): 82-87, 2019 Jul 31.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31618562

RESUMO

Background: The dental treatment anxiety affects patient care consultation, regardless of the dental specialty, each with own treatment acts. Objective: To determine the anxiety level of dental treatment of operative dentistry and oral surgery in a hospital of Lima. Methods: The study was conducted in the specialties of operative dentistry and oral surgery, with 72 patients from each specialty, chosen at random over a period of five months, through their answers at Beck Anxiety Inventory. Results: The level of anxiety of patients was similar in the two specialties (p = 0.402). No statistical significant difference was found between anxiety and the patient's sex (p = 0.06), nor with the age of the patient (p = 0.08), nor with the sex of the operator (p = 0.521). The higher frequency of anxiety was the minimum level, 86.1% in operative dentistry and 79.2% in oral surgery. A difference was found between anxiety levels of patients from each specialty (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The frequency of anxiety before entering the specialty was similar, minimum level. Other research is required to determine whether the degree of anxiety is related to the patient's care to dental specialties services.


Introducción: la ansiedad ante un tratamiento odontológico repercute en la asistencia de los pacientes a consulta, independientemente de la especialidad odontológica, cada una con actos propios de tratamiento. Objetivo: determinar el nivel de ansiedad ante el tratamiento de operatoria dental y de cirugía bucal en un hospital de Lima, Perú. Métodos: el estudio fue realizado en las especialidades de operatoria dental y cirugía bucal, con 72 pacientes de cada especialidad, elegidos de manera aleatoria durante un periodo de cinco meses, quienes respondieron el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck. Resultados: el nivel de ansiedad de los pacientes fue similar en las dos especialidades (p = 0.402). No hubo diferencias entre ansiedad y sexo del paciente (p = 0.06), entre ansiedad y la edad del paciente (p = 0.08), y tampoco con el sexo del operador (p = 0.521). El nivel de ansiedad predominante en todos los pacientes, fue mínimo, 86.1% en operatoria dental y 79.2% en cirugía bucal. Al comparar por separado los niveles de ansiedad de los pacientes de cada especialidad, hubo diferencias en cada caso (p < 0.001). Conclusiones: el nivel de ansiedad antes de entrar a la especialidad de operatoria dental y cirugía bucal fue similar, mínimo. Se deben realizar otras investigaciones para establecer si el grado de ansiedad se relaciona con la asistencia del paciente a los servicios de especialidades odontológicas.


Assuntos
Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/diagnóstico , Dentística Operatória/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peru/epidemiologia , Cirurgia Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem
4.
Rev. estomatol. Hered ; 29(4): 285-290, oct.-dic 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1144587

RESUMO

Objetivos: Determinar la concentración de ppm de flúor en pastas dentales para niños que se comercializan en Lima Perú en el año 2017. Material y métodos: Es un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal. Fueron recolectadas 48 pastas dentales pediátricas vendidas en establecimientos farmacéuticos (farmacias y boticas) de Lima. Se empleó las pruebas de t de Student y Wilcoxon para una sola muestra. Resultados: La diferencia entre la concentración de flúor según rotulado y encontrado en Colgate de 1 100 ppm fue -119,8 ppm (mediana), Oral B de 500 ppm fue de -57,05 ppm (mediana). La diferencia entre la concentración de flúor según rotulado y lo encontrado en base al promedio fue Colgate de 500 ppm: -34,2 ppm, Farmadent de 452 ppm: -36,27 ppm, Dentito de 550 ppm : -520,1 ppm, Aqua fresh de 500 ppm: +41,67 ppm, Vitis de 1 000 ppm: +141,85 ppm, Aqua Fresh de 1 150 ppm: +112.82 ppm; de entre los mencionados sólo Aqua Fresh de 500 ppm fue no significativo. Con respecto al pH de las pastas dentales, los promedios fueron 5,92; 5,5; 5,5; 6; 6; 5,5; 5,5; 6, respectivamente. Conclusiones: Cinco tipos de pastas dentales tienen concentraciones menores al rotulado, y tres tipos de pastas dentales tienen concentraciones mayores al rotulado (de las cuales una no fue significativa).


Objective: To determine the concentration of fluorine ppm in toothpastes for children that are commercialized in Lima Peru in the year 2017. Material y Methods: It is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. 48 pediatric toothpastes sold in pharmaceutical establishments (pharmacies and drugstores) in Lima were collected. The Student t and Wilcoxon t tests were used for a single sample. Results: The difference between the concen-tration of fluorine as labeled and found in Colgate of 1 100 ppm was -119.8 ppm (median), Oral B of 500 ppm was -57.05 ppm (median). The difference between the concentration of fluorine according to labeling and that found based on the average was Colgate of 500 ppm: -34.2 ppm, Farmadent of 452 ppm: -36.27 ppm, Dentito of 550 ppm: -520.1 ppm, Aqua fresh of 500 ppm: +41.67 ppm, Vitis of 1 000 ppm: +141.85 ppm, Aqua Fresh of 1 150 ppm: +112.82 ppm; among those mentioned only Aqua Fresh 500 ppm was not significant. With respect to the pH of toothpastes, the averages were 5.92; 5.5; 5.5; 6; 6; 5.5; 5.5; 6, respectively. Conclusions: Five types of toothpaste have lower concentrations than labeling and three types of toothpastes have concentrations higher than the labeling (of which one was not significant).

5.
Rev. méd. hered ; 30(2): 68-75, abr. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-1058671

RESUMO

La obesidad y las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles ya son epidémicas en toda América Latina, tanto en los adultos como en los niños y adolescentes. Objetivos: Determinar la relación entre la ingesta de alimentos ultra procesados y los parámetros antropométricos en escolares de una institución educativa de El Agustino, Lima. Material y mótodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y observacional, con la aplicación de una encuesta sobre frecuencia de consumo de alimentos ultra procesados además de la evaluación de parámetros antropométricos en alumnos de entre 9 y 17 años de una institución educativa en Lima durante el mes de noviembre del 2017. Se consideró alta ingesta (≥ 5 puntos) y baja ingesta (< 5 puntos). Se incluyeron datos sociodemográficos (edad en años y sexo), peso, talla, índice de masa corporal, í­ndice de masa corporal para la edad, talla para la edad y perí­metro abdominal. Resultados: Se encontró una mayor frecuencia en bajo consumo de alimentos ultra procesados (58,18% en primaria y 60,5% en secundaria). En estudiantes de primaria, está relacionada la ingesta de alimentos ultra procesados con el peso (p= 0,009), IMC (p= 0,017), IMC/Edad (p= 0,031) y perímetro abdominal (p= 0,033). En estudiantes de secundaria se encontró relación entre edad e ingesta baja de consumo de alimentos ultra procesados (p=0,008). Conclusiones: En los escolares de primaria se observa una relación entre la ingesta de alimentos ultra procesados con peso, IMC, IMC/ Edad y perímetro abdominal. Mientras que en los escolares de secundaria se presenta en edad. (AU)


Obesity and non-transmissible chronic diseases are becoming epidemic in Latin America, both in adults and children-adolescents. Objectives: To determine the relationship between consumption of ultra-processed food and anthropometric parameters in school age children of a school in El Agustino, Lima. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried-out applying a questionnaire about consumption of ultra-processed food and measuring anthropometric parameters in school children between 9-17 years of age during November 2017. High consumption was considered (≥ 5 points) and low consumption (< 5 points). Data on sociodemographic information (age in years and gender); weight; height; body mass index (BMI); body mass index for age; height for age and abdominal perimeter were collected as well. Results: A high frequency of low consumption of ultra-processed food was found (58.18% in elementary school age and 60.5% in secondary school age children). A relationship of consumption of ultra- processed food with weight (p=0.009), BMI (p=0.017), BMI/age (p=0.031) and abdominal perimeter (p=0.033) was found among elementary school age children. Among secondary school age students, a relationship between age and low consumption of ultra-processed food was found (p=0,008). Conclusions: Among elementary age students a relationship of consumption of ultra-processed food and weight, BMI, BMI/age and abdominal perimeter was found, while only a relationship with age was found among secondary age students. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Estudantes , Ingestão de Alimentos , Alimentos Industrializados , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto
6.
Nicotine Tob Res ; 19(12): 1401-1407, 2017 Nov 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27679607

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Previous evidence linked low socioeconomic status with higher smoking prevalence. Our objective was to assess the strength of this association in the world population, updating a previous work. METHODS: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Subgroup analyses included continents, WHO regions, country mortality levels, gender, age, risk of bias, and study publication date. Independent reviewers selected studies, assessed potential bias and extracted data. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, SOCINDEX, AFRICAN INDEX MEDICUS, and LILACS, and other sources from 1989 to 2013 reporting direct measurements of income and current cigarette smoking. RESULTS: We retrieved 13,583 articles and included 93 for meta-analysis. Median smoking prevalence was 17.8% (range 3-70%). Lower income was consistently associated with higher smoking prevalence (odds ratio [OR]: 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35-1.56). This association was statistically significant in the subgroup analysis by WHO regions for the Americas (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.42-1.68), South East Asia (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.10-2.00), Europe (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.29-1.63), and Western Pacific (OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.02-1.72), and in studies conducted during 1990s (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.24-1.62) and 2000s (OR: 1.48; 95%CI: 1.30-1.64). Likewise, it was noted in low-mortality countries (OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.37-1.60) and for both genders. Prevalence was highest in the lowest income levels compared to the middle (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.49-1.92), followed by the middle level compared to the highest (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.20-1.43). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that current cigarette smoking was significantly associated with lower income worldwide and across subgroups, suggesting a dose-response relationship. IMPLICATIONS: This unique updated systematic review shows a consistent inverse dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and income level, present among most geographical areas and country characteristics. Public health measures should take into account this potential inequity and consider special efforts directed to disadvantaged populations.


Assuntos
Fumar Cigarros/economia , Fumar Cigarros/epidemiologia , Renda , Adulto , América/epidemiologia , Sudeste Asiático/epidemiologia , Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto/métodos , Pobreza/economia , Prevalência , Classe Social , Populações Vulneráveis
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