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1.
Inflammation ; 2024 Jun 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38844648

RESUMO

High scores of lymphocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (lymphocyte-to-HDL-c) may be a new indicator of inflammation and metabolic syndrome. Here, we investigated the associations of the lymphocyte-to-HDL-c with traditional and non-traditional cardiometabolic risk markers in subjects at high cardiovascular risk. This study is a cross-sectional analysis with subjects assisted in a Secondary Health Care (n = 581, age = 63.06 ± 13.86 years; 52.3% women). Lymphocyte-to-HDL-c ratio were assessed by routine laboratory tests. Anthropometric and/or biochemical variables were used to calculate traditional (body mass index - BMI, and waist-to-height ratio - WHtR) and non-traditional (lipid accumulation product index-LAP, visceral adiposity index-VAI, deep-abdominal-adipose-tissue index-DAAT, atherogenic index of plasma-AIP, and waist-hypertriglyceridemic phenotype-HTGW) cardiometabolic risk markers. Furthermore, anthropometric measurement waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, metabolic syndrome (MS), and biochemical markers (lipid and glycemic profile) were considered traditional markers of cardiometabolic risk. Pearson's chi-square test, Poisson regression with robust variance, or multinomial logistic regression were performed (α = 0.05). Individuals with a high lymphocyte-HDL-c ratio (> 0.84, 3rd tertile) were associated with the HTGW phenotype, high VAI, high LAP, hypertriglyceridemia, high AIP, high very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-c), pre-diabetes, and 3 and 4 MS components compared with individuals in the first tertile, independent of confounders. Our findings supported the lymphocyte-to-HDL-c ratio as a potential biomarker during the screening of subjects at high cardiovascular risk.

2.
Front Med (Lausanne) ; 11: 1344011, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38455472

RESUMO

Background: Most people recover from COVID-19, however, between 5 to 20% have experienced new, recurring, or continuous health problems four or more weeks after being infected, a phenomenon called Long COVID, and whose reasons for its manifestation are incipient. Our objective was to analyse the risk and protective factors for Long COVID in Brazilian adults participating in the CUME Study. Methods: The CUME Study is a prospective cohort conducted with graduates from federal universities in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In this study, 390 participants who answered the baseline questionnaire in 2016 and the third follow-up questionnaire in 2022 (which contained a block of questions about occurrence of COVID-19 and Long COVID) were included. The diagnosis of Long COVID was based on self-reporting of persistence of signs and symptoms of COVID-19 between 30 days and 6 months after remission of the disease. To estimate the risk and protective factors for Long COVID, a hierarchical multivariate statistical analysis was conducted using the Poisson regression technique. Results: Long COVID was observed in 48.9% of the participants. The following characteristics were identified as risk factors for the outcome: female sex (RR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.22-1.99); prior diagnosis of hypertension (RR = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.19-1.80); having contracted COVID-19 in the first (RR =1.38; 95% CI = 1.07-1.79) or in the second waves (RR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.07-1.65) of the pandemic period; and having presented three or more signs and symptoms during the acute phase of COVID-19 (RR = 2.99; 95% CI = 1.08-8.24). On the other hand, having a doctoral/postdoctoral educational level (RR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.50-0.94) was identified as a protective factor for the outcome. Conclusion: Health system managers and healthcare professionals should be aware of the socioeconomic profile and disease history of patients who have had COVID-19 because women, people with a prior diagnosis of hypertension, and those who manifested multiple signs and symptoms of COVID-19 during the acute phase of the disease were at greater risk of developing Long COVID.

3.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 37: e220148, 2024. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559146

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective Evaluate the food consumption of the participants of the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais, according to the degree of processing, and its relationship with socioeconomic, behavioral, and individual factors. Methods A total of 4,124 individuals from the baseline of the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (2016 and 2018) participated in this study. Food consumption was self-reported by completing an online Food Frequency Questionnaire. The foods were divided into 3 groups: Group 1, in natura, minimally processed foods, culinary ingredients and culinary preparations; Group 2, processed foods; Group 3, ultra-processed foods. A hierarchical multiple linear regression model was used to verify the associated factors. Results Regarding the factors associated with food consumption, it is noteworthy that Group 1 was positively associated with the practice of physical activity, female gender, age, "non-white" skin color, and the presence of diabetes Mellitus; and negatively with "not married/without stable union" marital status, alcohol abuse, tobacco use, obesity, and depression. Considering Group 2, it was positively associated with alcohol abuse, tobacco use, and age; and negatively with physical activity, female gender, and "non-white" skin color. As for Group 3 it was positively associated with a marital status of "not married/without stable union", obesity, and depression; and negatively with physical activity, age, "non-white" skin color, and presence of diabetes Mellitus. Conclusion The factors that are in at least one of the final hierarchical linear regression models stand out: marital status, physical activity, alcohol abuse, tobacco use, sex, age, skin color, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and depression.


RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o consumo alimentar dos participantes da Coorte de Universidades Mineiras, de acordo com grau de processamento, e sua relação, com fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e individuais. Método Participaram desse estudo 4.124 indivíduos da linha de base da Coorte de Universidades Mineiras (2016 e 2018). O consumo alimentar foi autorrelatado por um questionário online de frequência de consumo alimentar. Os alimentos foram divididos em: Grupo 1: alimentos in natura, minimamente processados, ingredientes culinários e preparações culinárias; Grupo 2: alimentos processados; e Grupo 3: alimentos ultraprocessados. Foi utilizado modelo de regressão linear múltipla hierarquizada para verificar os fatores associados. Resultados O Grupo 1 se associou positivamente à prática de atividade física, sexo feminino, idade, cor da pele "não branca" e presença de diabetes Mellitus; e negativamente ao estado civil "não casado/sem união estável", consumo abusivo de álcool, uso do tabaco, obesidade e depressão. O Grupo 2 se associou positivamente ao consumo abusivo de álcool, uso do tabaco e idade; e negativamente à prática de atividade física, sexo feminino e cor da pele "não branca". O Grupo 3 se associou positivamente ao estado civil "não casado/sem união estável", obesidade e depressão; e negativamente à prática de atividade física, idade, cor da pele "não branca" e presença de diabetes Mellitus. Conclusão Destacam-se os fatores que estão em pelo menos um dos modelos de regressão linear hierarquizada final: estado civil, atividade física, consumo abusivo de álcool, uso do tabaco, sexo, idade, cor da pele, obesidade, diabetes mellitus e depressão.

4.
J Affect Disord ; 346: 182-191, 2024 02 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37949241

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Dietary fatty acids are related to the development of several inflammatory-related diseases, which may include depression. So, the association between fatty acids, culinary oils and fat intake and depression in highly educated Brazilians was evaluated. METHODS: Multicenter cross-sectional study using baseline data from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais. The diagnosis of depression was self-reported, and the daily intake of fatty acids was assessed using a 144-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). RESULTS: A total of 7157 participants (68.83 % women) with a median age of 33 years were included. The prevalence of depression was 12.60 % (N = 902). In the adjusted analyses, it was observed that individuals with the highest intake of omega-6 fatty acids (n-6) (OR: 1.36, 95 % CI 1.11-1.67) had a higher prevalence of depression. This increased n-6 intake was identified as a risk factor for depression only among male participants, while among overweight participants, higher n-6 intake was also positively associated with depression. Conversely, a higher ratio of polyunsaturated to monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids (PM/S) was also found to be positively associated with depression, but this association was observed only among non-overweight participants. No associations were found between the consumption of culinary oils or fats and depression. LIMITATIONS: Cross-sectional design limits the assessment of causality. The use of the FFQ can make estimates more difficult. CONCLUSION: Higher consumption of n-6, and higher PM/S ratios were associated with depression, and individual factors can interfere. The mental health care policies should include specific nutritional strategies.


Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3 , Ácidos Graxos , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Óleos
5.
Rev Bras Enferm ; 76(6): e20220544, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38055471

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Estimate the incidence of the 30-year high cardiovascular risk and its determinants among graduates of federal universities in Minas Gerais. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort of 2,854 adults aged 20 to 59. The incidence of the outcome was calculated using the Framingham equation and its determinants were determined through multivariate Cox regression. RESULTS: After an average of 2.62 years, the incidence of high cardiovascular risk was 8.09 and 20.1 cases per 1,000 person-years, for females and males respectively. Being male (HR: 2.34; 95% CI: 1.58 - 3.46), employment (HR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.13 - 3.99), high consumption of processed foods (HR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.21 - 4.90), and being physically active (HR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.41 - 0.98) were associated with high cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS: Among highly educated adults, being male, employment, and high consumption of processed foods are predictors of high cardiovascular risk, while being physically active acts as a protective factor.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Incidência , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas
6.
Front Cardiovasc Med ; 10: 1286726, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38155992

RESUMO

Background: Worldwide obesity has a high prevalence, as well as carries a high risk of several chronic diseases, including hypertension. Studies of the association between obesity and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) are scarce and most use only body mass index (BMI) as indicator of adiposity. Thus, we aimed to examine for associations between total and central adiposity and ambulatory BP parameters (BP means and variability, nocturnal dipping and morning surge) among participants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods: This cross-sectional study (2012-2014) used a subsample of participants (n = 812) of ELSA-Brasil who underwent 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring to assess systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP, respectively) over 24-hour periods and sub-periods. Indicators for total adiposity were BMI and body fat (BF) and, for central adiposity, waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHR). Associations were tested using crude and adjusted gamma and logistic regression. Results: Overweight (BMI) and abdominal obesity (WC and WHR) associated positively with mean 24-hour (Coef = 2.71, 3.09 and 4.00, respectively), waking (Coef = 2.87, 3.26 and 4.16, respectively), and sleeping (Coef = 2.30, 2.74 and 3.50, respectively) SBP; mean DBP associated with high WHR in these three periods (Coef = 2.00, 2.10 and 1.68, respectively) and with WC in the waking period (Coef = 1.44). Overweight and abdominal obesity (WC and WHR) were positively associated with SBP variability over 24 h (Coef = 0.53, 0.45 and 0.49, respectively) and in sleep (Coef = 0.80, 0.74 and 0.59, respectively), and with DBP variability in 24 h (Coef = 0.64, 0.73 and 0.58, respectively), wakefulness (Coef = 0.50, 0.52 and 0.52, respectively) and sleep (Coef = 0.53, 0.45 and 0.49); excess BF associated positively with DBP variability over 24 h (Coef = 0.43) and in wakefulness (Coef = 0.38). Lastly, high WHR and excess BF were associated with higher odds of extreme dipping (OR = 1.03 for both), while high WC and WHR associated with higher odds of exacerbated diastolic morning surge (OR = 3.18 and 3.66, respectively). Conclusion: Indicators of adiposity were associated with the BP means and variability, nocturnal dipping and morning surge, with more substantial results for indicators of central adiposity that the others.

7.
Cien Saude Colet ; 28(11): 3231-3246, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Português, Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37971006

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to identify and discuss the tools for the promotion and evaluation of adequate and healthy eating based on the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population. The scoping review was conducted according to the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis via the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist and by searching PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciELO and LILACS. Sixteen studies on relevant tools, based on the food guide for individuals of all age groups, were thus included: two descriptive studies, two randomized clinical trial protocols, eleven methodological analyses, and one psychometric paper, aimed at either a focal population (n=12) or health professionals (n=4). Six studies addressed tools for promoting adequate and healthy eating, and ten developed tools for evaluating dietary practices or the knowledge and activities of health professionals. This review can therefore assist health professionals in choosing instruments for the implementation and/or dissemination of food guide recommendations, contributing to the promotion of adequate and healthy eating habits.


O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e discutir as ferramentas de promoção e avaliação da alimentação adequada e saudável baseadas no Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira. A revisão de escopo foi conduzida de acordo com o JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis, utilizando para relatório de revisão de escopo o guia Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews, com busca nas bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciELO e LILACS. Dezesseis estudos sobre ferramentas baseadas no guia alimentar para indivíduos de todas as faixas etárias, foram incluídos: dois descritivos, dois de protocolo de estudo clínico randomizado, onze metodológicos e um psicométrico, direcionados à população (n=12) ou à profissionais de saúde (n=4). Seis estudos abordaram ferramentas para promoção da alimentação adequada e saudável e dez desenvolveram ferramentas para avaliação de práticas alimentares ou de conhecimento e atividades de profissionais da saúde. Esta revisão auxiliará os profissionais de saúde na escolha dos instrumentos para o processo de implementação e, ou, divulgação das recomendações do guia alimentar, contribuindo para a promoção da alimentação adequada e saudável.


Assuntos
Dieta Saudável , Comportamento Alimentar , Humanos , Brasil , Hábitos , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
8.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 28(11): 3231-3246, nov. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Português | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520635

RESUMO

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e discutir as ferramentas de promoção e avaliação da alimentação adequada e saudável baseadas no Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira. A revisão de escopo foi conduzida de acordo com o JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis, utilizando para relatório de revisão de escopo o guia Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews, com busca nas bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciELO e LILACS. Dezesseis estudos sobre ferramentas baseadas no guia alimentar para indivíduos de todas as faixas etárias, foram incluídos: dois descritivos, dois de protocolo de estudo clínico randomizado, onze metodológicos e um psicométrico, direcionados à população (n=12) ou à profissionais de saúde (n=4). Seis estudos abordaram ferramentas para promoção da alimentação adequada e saudável e dez desenvolveram ferramentas para avaliação de práticas alimentares ou de conhecimento e atividades de profissionais da saúde. Esta revisão auxiliará os profissionais de saúde na escolha dos instrumentos para o processo de implementação e, ou, divulgação das recomendações do guia alimentar, contribuindo para a promoção da alimentação adequada e saudável.


Abstract The objective of this study was to identify and discuss the tools for the promotion and evaluation of adequate and healthy eating based on the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population. The scoping review was conducted according to the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis via the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist and by searching PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciELO and LILACS. Sixteen studies on relevant tools, based on the food guide for individuals of all age groups, were thus included: two descriptive studies, two randomized clinical trial protocols, eleven methodological analyses, and one psychometric paper, aimed at either a focal population (n=12) or health professionals (n=4). Six studies addressed tools for promoting adequate and healthy eating, and ten developed tools for evaluating dietary practices or the knowledge and activities of health professionals. This review can therefore assist health professionals in choosing instruments for the implementation and/or dissemination of food guide recommendations, contributing to the promotion of adequate and healthy eating habits.

9.
Cad Saude Publica ; 39(9): e00041323, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37792815

RESUMO

We aimed to analyze the different trajectories of 30-year cardiovascular risk (CVR) and its independently associated factors in participants of the CUME Study, a prospective study with alumni from federal universities of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. In this study, 1,286 participants who answered the baseline (2016) and follow-up (2018 and 2020) questionnaires were included. Trajectories of CVR, according to the Framingham score, were identified with the latent class growth modelling technique with the use of the censored normal model. Analysis of the factors independently associated with each of the trajectories was conducted with multinomial logistic regression technique. Three CVR trajectories were identified: Low-Low (68.3%), Medium-Medium (26.2%), and High-High (5.5%). Male sex, living in a stable union, and having moderate and high intakes of ultra-processed foods were positively associated with the Medium-Medium and High-High CVR trajectories. Having non-healthcare professional training and working were positively associated with the Medium-Medium CVR trajectory, whereas being physically active was negatively associated with the High-High CVR trajectory. In conclusion, more than one-third of participants had CVR trajectories in the Medium-Medium and High-High categories. Food consumption and physical activity are modifiable factors that were associated with these trajectories; thus, implementing health promotion measures could help prevent the persistence or worsen of CVR. On the other hand, sociodemographic and labor characteristics are non-modifiable factors that were associated with Medium-Medium and High-High trajectories, which could help identify people who should be monitored with more caution by health services.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Brasil , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas
10.
Int J Food Sci Nutr ; : 1-9, 2023 Oct 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37905496

RESUMO

We aimed to evaluate the association between caffeine intake and sleep time in Brazilian adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 6,356 participants from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME Study). Data was collected through an online self-report questionnaire. Of the total, 31.9% of the participants had insufficient sleep. Women were found to sleep less than men (64.1 vs. 35.9%; p < 0.001), as well as being more likely to consume higher doses of caffeine (55.2%, p < 0.001). Coffee (35.7%), dark chocolate (25.2%), milk chocolate (15.2%), and diet soda (11.0%) were the foods that more contributed to caffeine intake. Individuals in the highest quartile of caffeine intake (87.0 - 572.0 mg/day) had a 19% higher prevalence of insufficient sleep compared with the lowest quartile (PR: 1.19; 95%CI: 1.08 - 1.31). Future studies are needed to investigate the genetic and hormonal factors involved in the interindividual response in this population.

11.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr ; : 1-16, 2023 Jul 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37450500

RESUMO

Carotenoids have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, being a potential bioactive compound for gut health. The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the effects of carotenoids on gut microbiota, gut barrier, and inflammation in healthy animals. The systematic search from PubMed, Scopus, and Lilacs databases were performed up to March 2023. The final screening included thirty studies, with different animal models (mice, rats, pigs, chicks, drosophila, fish, and shrimp), and different carotenoid sources (ß-carotene, lycopene, astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, and fucoxanthin). The results suggested that carotenoids seem to act on gut microbiota by promoting beneficial effects on intestinal bacteria related to both inflammation and SCFA production; increase tight junction proteins expression, important for reducing intestinal permeability; increase the mucins expression, important in protecting against pathogens and toxins; improve morphological parameters important for digestion and absorption of nutrients; and reduce pro-inflammatory and increase anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, different carotenoids had distinct effects on gut health. In addition, there was heterogeneity between studies regarding animal model, duration of intervention, and doses used. This is the first systematic review to address the effects of carotenoids on gut health. Further studies are needed to better understand the effects of carotenoids on gut health.

12.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab ; 48(10): 789-798, 2023 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37311253

RESUMO

Nuts are important sources of antioxidants that combat oxidative stress and improve lipid profile as well as vascular function. However, the intake of typical Brazilian nuts and its acute effect on cardiovascular health needs to be better understood. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the acute effect of a beverage containing cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) and Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) on postprandial oxidative stress, lipemia, and blood pressure of adult women aged 20 to 55 years with cardiometabolic risk. This was an acute, randomized, parallel arm, controlled clinical trial. The participants received either a beverage containing nuts (30 g Brazil nuts + 15 g cashew nuts) or a beverage without nuts with similar macronutrient composition. Oxidative stress markers and lipid profiles were evaluated at fasting and 4 h after beverage consumption. Blood pressure was measured during fasting and after beverage intake (1, 2, 3, and 4 h). In the postprandial state, there was a greater reduction in malondialdehyde levels in the intervention group compared to the control group (-12.3 ± 0.59 vs. -10.7 ± 0.43 µmol/mL; p < 0.05), which was positively correlated with the concentrations of TG (r = 0.399; p < 0.05), VLDL (r = 0.399; p < 0.05), TG/HDL (r = 0.380; p < 0.05), and blood pressure (iAUC SBP r = 0.391; p < 0.05, iAUC DBP r = 0.409; p < 0.05). The remaining oxidative stress markers showed similar postprandial changes between groups. In women with cardiometabolic risk, a beverage containing Brazilian nuts promoted a significant acute reduction on postprandial malondialdehyde levels. The study was registered in the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry-ReBEC (protocol: RBR-3ntxrm).


Assuntos
Anacardium , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Hiperlipidemias , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Nozes , Pressão Sanguínea , Brasil , Estresse Oxidativo , Lipídeos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Malondialdeído
13.
Nutrients ; 15(10)2023 May 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37242261

RESUMO

Cashew nuts are rich in dietary fibers, monounsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, flavonoids, catechins, amino acids, and minerals that offer benefits for health. However, the knowledge of its effect on gut health is lacking. In this way, cashew nut soluble extract (CNSE) was assessed in vivo via intra-amniotic administration in intestinal brush border membrane (BBM) morphology, functionality, and gut microbiota. Four groups were evaluated: (1) no injection (control); (2) H2O injection (control); (3) 10 mg/mL CNSE (1%); and (4) 50 mg/mL CNSE (5%). Results related to CNSE on duodenal morphological parameters showed higher Paneth cell numbers, goblet cell (GC) diameter in crypt and villi, depth crypt, mixed GC per villi, and villi surface area. Further, it decreased GC number and acid and neutral GC. In the gut microbiota, treatment with CNSE showed a lower abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and E. coli. Further, in intestinal functionality, CNSE upregulated aminopeptidase (AP) gene expression at 5% compared to 1% CNSE. In conclusion, CNSE had beneficial effects on gut health by improving duodenal BBM functionality, as it upregulated AP gene expression, and by modifying morphological parameters ameliorating digestive and absorptive capacity. For intestinal microbiota, higher concentrations of CNSE or long-term intervention may be necessary.


Assuntos
Anacardium , Galinhas , Animais , Anacardium/química , Nozes/química , Escherichia coli , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/análise
14.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis ; 33(7): 1377-1388, 2023 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37236898

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) allows the assessment of cardiovascular risk markers that cannot be obtained by casual measurements; however, the evidence on the association between food consumption and blood pressure (BP) assessed by ABPM is scarce. We aimed to evaluate the association between food consumption by degree of processing and ambulatory BP. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cross-sectional analysis (2012-2014) of data from a subsample (n = 815) of ELSA-Brasil cohort participants who performed 24-h ABPM was conducted. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP means and variability during the 24 h and subperiods (sleep and wake), nocturnal dipping, and morning surge were evaluated. Food consumption was classified according to NOVA. Associations were tested by generalized linear models. The consumption of unprocessed, minimally processed foods, and culinary ingredients (U/MPF&CI) was 63.1% of daily caloric intake, 10.8% of processed (PF), and 24.8% of ultraprocessed (UPF). A negative association was found between U/MPF&CI consumption and extreme dipping (T2: odds ratio [OR] = 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55-0.58; T3: OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.54-0.57); and between UPF consumption and nondipping (T2: OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.55-0.85) and extreme dipping (T2: OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.61-0.65; T3: OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.91-0.99). There was a positive association between PF consumption and extreme dipping (T2: OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.18-1.27; T3: OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.29-1.39) and sleep SBP variability (T3: Coef = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.03-1.10). CONCLUSIONS: The high consumption of PF was associated with greater BP variability and extreme dipping, while the U/MPF&CI and UPF consumption were negatively associated with alterations in nocturnal dipping.


Assuntos
Hipertensão , Humanos , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/complicações , Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial/métodos , Estudos Transversais , Fatores de Risco , Ritmo Circadiano/fisiologia
15.
Int J Food Sci Nutr ; 74(3): 338-349, 2023 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37009819

RESUMO

We aimed to evaluate the intake of dietary total polyphenols and their classes according to NOVA classification among adults of a Brazilian cohort study. This is a cross-sectional study, in which food consumption was assessed using an Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and polyphenol content (total and their classes) was estimated at Phenol-Explorer for each food category and presented as mean and 95% confidence interval. Adjusted linear regression was used to describe the trend of the association between the quintiles of polyphenols intake (dependent variable) and NOVA group of food consumption (independent variable). The higher consumption of fresh/minimally processed foods is accompanied by a higher intake of total polyphenols and all their classes, while the higher consumption of ultra-processed foods represented the lower intake of total polyphenols and their classes. Fresh foods are the greatest sources of polyphenols, and their daily consumption should be encouraged, while ultra-processed foods are deficient in such bioactive compounds.


Assuntos
Ingestão de Energia , Alimento Processado , Adulto , Humanos , Polifenóis , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Transversais , Manipulação de Alimentos , Fast Foods , Dieta
16.
Br J Nutr ; 130(7): 1155-1166, 2023 10 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36722158

RESUMO

This study aims to evaluate the association between Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (dTAC) and Total Antioxidant Capacity of food groups (fgTAC) with the incidence of depression in Brazilian graduates participating in the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME Study). The sample consisted of 2572 participants without a medical diagnosis of depression at baseline who responded to at least one follow-up questionnaire from the CUME Project. The Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay was used to determine dTAC. Incidence of depression was estimated by self-reported medical diagnosis of depression during the years of cohort follow-up. Cox regression models were used to relate dTAC and fgTAC to the incidence of depression. The mean follow-up time was 2·96 (1·00) years, and 246 cases of depression were observed (32·3/1000 person-years). The mean dTAC was 11·03 (4·84) mmol/d. We found no associations between higher dTAC and lower risk of developing depression after adjusting for possible confounders. The incidence of depression was inversely associated with fgTAC of the beans and lentils group (hazard ratio (HR): 0·61; 95 % CI 0·41, 0·90). The fgTAC of the junk food group was positively associated with higher incidence of depression after all adjustments (HR: 1·57; 95 % CI 1·08, 2·26). Our findings do not support an association between dTAC and the incidence of depression in a highly educated Brazilian population. However, associations of fgTAC show the importance of analysing the food matrix in which these antioxidants are inserted. We highlight the need for more prospective studies with different nationalities to confirm these results.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Depressão , Humanos , Antioxidantes/análise , Brasil/epidemiologia , Incidência , Estudos Prospectivos , Depressão/epidemiologia , Dieta
17.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis ; 33(4): 789-796, 2023 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36849319

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM: To evaluate the association between the energy consumption of sweetened beverages (SBs) adjusted for daily energy intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a prospective study with 2480 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-free Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME) participants at baseline and 2-4 years of follow-up. A longitudinal analysis was performed with generalized equation estimation to verify the effect of SB consumption, adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables, on the incidence of T2DM. The incidence of T2DM was 2.78%. The median calorie intake of daily SB consumption adjusted for energy was 47.7 kcal/day. Participants with the highest consumption of SBs (≥47.7 kcal/day) were 63% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63; p value-0.049) more likely to acquire T2DM over time compared to the lowest consumption (<47.7 kcal/day). CONCLUSIONS: Higher energy consumption from SBs favored a higher incidence of T2DM among CUME participants. The results reinforce the need for marketing restrictions on these foods and taxation to reduce the consumption of these beverages to prevent T2DM and other chronic noncommunicable diseases.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Bebidas Adoçadas com Açúcar , Adulto , Humanos , Bebidas Adoçadas com Açúcar/efeitos adversos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/prevenção & controle , Incidência , Estudos Prospectivos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bebidas/efeitos adversos
18.
J Affect Disord ; 328: 58-63, 2023 05 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36791971

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between the consumption of ultra-processed food and the incidence of depression in Brazilian adults. METHODS: This longitudinal study included 2572 participants (M = 936 and F = 1636, mean age of 36.1 years) from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais - CUME Project, Brazil. Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption (in % of daily energy intake, DEI), as defined by the NOVA food classification system, was assessed at baseline using a validated semi-quantitative 144-item food frequency questionnaire. Participants were classified as incident cases of depression if they reported a medical diagnosis of depression in at least one of the follow-up questionnaires. Crude and adjusted cox regression models were used to assess the relationship between UPF consumption and the incidence of depression. RESULTS: After a mean of follow-up of 2,96 years, a total of 246 incident cases of depression were identified. The mean consumption of UPF was 44 g/d or 24 % of DEI. Participants in the highest quartile of UPF consumption (31 to 72 % of DEI) had a higher risk of developing depression (HR = 1.82 95 % CI = 1.15-2.88) than those in the lowest quartile (0 to 16 % of DEI) after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSION: Higher UPF consumption is a risk factor of depression incidence in Brazilian adults with high education level.


Assuntos
Dieta , Alimento Processado , Humanos , Adulto , Estudos Longitudinais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Incidência , Depressão
19.
J Am Nutr Assoc ; 42(1): 15-26, 2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34648393

RESUMO

Objective:Epidemiological studies have shown associations between polyphenol consumption and reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to assess the association between polyphenol intake and the prevalence of hypertension.Methods:This cross-sectional study was performed on data from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME) project. Participants completed an online food frequency questionnaire, and polyphenol intake was assessed using the Phenol-Explorer database and articles. Hypertension was determined by a medical diagnosis, having a blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg/80 mmHg, or using antihypertensive drugs. Adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the prevalence of hypertension.Results:The prevalence of hypertension was 39.57%, and the average intake of total polyphenols was 860.79 mg/day. The highest (5th quintile) intake of flavonoids (mean: 368.46mg/day; OR: 0.83; 95%CI 0.70; 0.97), hydroxybenzoic acids (mean: 379.38mg/day; OR: 0.77; 95%CI: 0.66;0.91), and flavonols (mean: 44.13mg/day; OR: 0.79; 95%CI: 0.67; 0.93) was inversely associated with hypertension prevalence, compared to the lowest intake (1st quintile).Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that the intake of flavonoids, hydroxybenzoic acids, and flavonols is associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension.


Assuntos
Hipertensão , Polifenóis , Humanos , Prevalência , Estudos Transversais , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Flavonoides , Hidroxibenzoatos , Flavonóis
20.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res ; 93(5): 438-446, 2023 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35748822

RESUMO

In the absence of a recommendation for daily intake of phenolic compounds, to compare the intake of the main dietary polyphenols between populations is a really challenge. This study aimed to estimate the total dietary intake of polyphenols, classes and their food sources among Brazilian graduates and postgraduates. This was a cross-sectional study using baseline data from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME project). Food consumption was assessed using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire with 144 food items. Polyphenol intake was estimated from the Phenol-Explorer and US Department of Agriculture database, and previous studies that evaluated the phenolic content of specific foods. A total of 4130 individuals of both sexes with a median age of 34 (18-86) years old were finally included. The median intake of total polyphenols adjusted for energy was 753.41 mg/day (interquartile range - IQR=461.80; p<0.001), and the most consumed classes were phenolic acids and flavonoids, with median intakes of 552.30 mg/d (IQR=429.78; p<0.001) and 154.70 mg/day (IQR=108.70; p<0.001), respectively. The main food sources of polyphenols were coffee, peanuts, beans, and fruits. A lower intake of total polyphenols and their classes was observed in a population with similar characteristics to those from developed countries. The results demonstrate the importance of disseminating nutritional information about foods, so that the consumption of natural foods is prioritized. New studies that evaluate the consumption of polyphenols and their impact on human health are recommended to establish a daily recommendation for the consumption of such compounds.


Assuntos
Dieta , Polifenóis , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Polifenóis/análise , Estudos Transversais , Flavonoides , Fenóis/análise , Frutas/química
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