Sexual steroid hormone receptors profiles of ovarian carcinoma in Mexican women.

The significance of the presence of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor alpha (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in ovarian cancer patient survival has been a matter of numerous studies. This study was aimed to describe the expression profile of the three sexual steroid receptors in high-grade serous, endometrioid, mucinous and low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and its association to the proliferation index in patients with primary ovarian carcinoma diagnosis, before any treatment. Eighty-one samples were obtained from the National Institute of Cancerology in Mexico City and were evaluated for the presence of AR, ER, PR and Ki67 by immunohistochemistry. The four subtypes of ovarian carcinoma displays a specific profile of the eight possible combinations of the steroid receptors with significant differences within the profile and the histological subtypes. High-grade serous carcinoma was characterized by a high frequency of both, triple-negative and AR+ ER- PR+ profiles. Endometrioid carcinoma presented a higher frequency of triple-positive profile. The presence of only AR+ profile was not observed in the endometrioid tumors. The relationship of the receptor profile with the proliferation index in the tumor epithelium shows that the expression of only ER is associated to a reduced proliferation index in endometrioid carcinoma. Steroid hormone receptor expression and co-expression could help characterize ovarian carcinoma.

Estrogen and androgen receptor expression in surface epithelium and inclusion cyst in the ovary of premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

BACKGROUND: The importance of surface epithelium and epithelial inclusion cysts in the ovary arises from studies demonstrating that these structures are susceptible to epithelial ovarian cancer development. The expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha), androgen receptor (AR), in epithelial cells of the ovary from premenopausal and postmenopausal women is interesting because sexual steroid hormones are involved in cell growth and differentiation. METHODS: The presence of ER alpha, AR, and the orphan G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) was demonstrated by immunofluorescence in ovaries obtained from 79 pre and postmenopausal patients, undergoing histero-salpingo-oophorectomy for proliferative gynecological diseases. The proportion of patients that displayed positive reaction for estrogen and androgen receptors in epithelial cells of the ovary was evaluated according to menopausal status and associated pathology. RESULTS: The proportion of patients that displayed a positive receptor expression in the epithelial cells of the ovarian surface and cortical inclusion cysts shows that ER alpha is present in 20 of 79 patients (0.25), AR in 33 of 79 (0.42) and GPR30 in 38 of 55 (0.69). There are no differences in ER alpha, AR, and GPR30 expression between pre and postmenopausal patients and considering the associated pathology, proportions for ER alpha and GPR30 are similar. The patients with cervical cancer show a higher proportion of AR expression in epithelial cells of the ovary, which is statistically significant (P < 0.01) compared with patients with other proliferative diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of ER alpha, AR, and GPR30 in the surface epithelial ovarian cells and its derivatives are observed with a proportion that is specific for each receptor. The proportion of expression for these receptors in the epithelial cells of the ovary does not change after menopause. The proportion of ovaries with AR positive epithelial cells in patients with cervical squamous carcinoma is higher compared with other gynecological pathologies.

La citología nasal en rinitis crónica como predictor de sinusitis paranasal / Nasal cytology in chronica rhinitis as a predicitive factor of paranasal sinusitis

Con el objeto de determinar si la citología nasal en niños con rinitis crónica tiene relación con sinusitis paranasal, se hizo un estudio prospectivo, descriptivo y comparativo en 48 niños entre 9 meses y 9 años, de ambos sexos, de septiembre de 1994 a agosto de 1996 por presentar datos clínicos compatibles con rinitis crónica. El grupo control fue de pacientes encamados en las salas de pediatría por padecimiento no respiratorios, hematológicos o inflamatorios. Se tomó citología exfoliativa de la mucosa nasal del cornete inferior en ambas fosas y se relacionaron los hallazgos considerados como inflamación crónica de la nariz con opacidad de los senos paranasales en radiografías simples. Se encontró relación significativa (p<0.05) entre la presencia de metaplasia y neutrófilos. Se concluye que la célula de metaplasia y neutrófilos. Se concluye que la célula de metaplasia escamosa puede ser una célula adaptada o en respuesta a la inflamación crónica de la mucosa nasal donde el neutrófilo es la célula inflamatoria predominante. La citología nasal con presencia de metaplasia escamosa y neutrófilos es un probable predictor de sinusitis

Disgenesia gonodal pura 46XX / Gonadal disgenesia pure 46XX

Se describe el caso de una paciente de 22 años de edad, ty con fenotipo femenino, sin estigmas somáticos, desarrollo mamario normal, vello axilar y púbico escaso y genitales externos normales, que acudió a consulta por esterilidad. El estudio hormonal mostró hipogonadismo hepergonadotropo. El cariotipo en linfocitos de sangre periférica fue 46XX; la citología de la mucosa oral y vaginal fue positiva. En la laparoscopia se observaron bandas blanquecinas en el sitio de los ovarios, la biopsia mostro estroma ovárico fibroso, sin folículos primordiales. Se estableció el diagnóstico de disgenesia gonadal pura 46XX. Este síndrome se conoce desde 1990 y hasta ahora solamente se ha informado de aproximadamente 130 casos. Se exponen los datos clínicos, hormonales, citogenéticos e histológicos del padecimiento.