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1.
Rev. cuba. med ; 62(2)jun. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1530119

RESUMO

Introducción: Diferentes estudios han propuesto la relación entre los grupos sanguíneos del sistema ABO y la susceptibilidad a la COVID-19 y su importancia en el curso de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia fenotípica de grupos sanguíneos ABO y RhD en un grupo de pacientes con infección activa por SARS-CoV-2. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y caso control en el Hospital Docente Clínico Quirúrgico Freyre Andrade de La Habana, para determinar la frecuencia fenotípica ABO y RhD en un grupo de pacientes con enfermedad activa por la COVID-19. Se estudiaron 928 muestras de sangre de pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 y 1050 muestras pertenecientes a individuos sanos como grupo control. El grupo sanguíneo ABO y RhD se determinó por método de aglutinación en tubo con sueros hemoclasificadores anti-A, anti-B, anti-A+B, yanti-D. Los resultados fueron expresados en frecuencias absolutas y relativas y se determinó la asociación del grupo sanguíneo con la gravedad de la enfermedad por medio de la prueba no paramétrica de χ2 con un nivel de significación de p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: Se observó predominio del fenotipo O (49,24 por ciento) seguido del A (35,79 por ciento), B (12,68 por ciento) y AB (2,27 por ciento) respectivamente. Los fenotipos O y B presentaron significación estadística para la ocurrencia de la COVID-19, con valores de p < 0,05. No se encontró significación estadística en cuanto al predominio de un fenotipo particular y la necesidad de cuidados intensivos. Conclusiones: La relación del grupo sanguíneo ABO en la infectividad por SARS-CoV-2 y la gravedad de la enfermedad por la COVID-19 requiere estudios adicionales ya que los actuales no son concluyentes(AU)


Introduction: Different studies have proposed the relationship between the blood groups of ABO system and the susceptibility to COVID-19 and its importance in the course of the disease. Objective: To determine the phenotypic frequency of ABO and RhD blood groups in a group of patients with active SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted to determine the ABO and RhD phenotypic frequency in a group of patients with COVID-19 active disease. Nine hundred twenty eight blood samples and 1050 samples belonging to healthy individuals as control group were studied. The ABO and RhD blood group was determined by the tube agglutination method with anti-A, anti-B, anti-A+B, and anti-D blood classifying sera. The results were expressed in absolute and relative frequencies and the association of the blood group with the severity of the disease was determined by the non-parametric χ2 test with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Results: A predominance of phenotype O (49.24percent) was observed, followed by A (35.79percent), B (12.68percent) and AB (2.27percent) respectively. The O and B phenotypes showed statistical significance for the occurrence of COVID-19, with p values < 0.05. No statistical significance was found regarding the prevalence of a particular phenotype and the need for intensive care. Conclusions: The relationship of the ABO blood group in the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and the severity of the disease by COVID-19 requires additional studies, since the current ones are not conclusive(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Sistema ABO de Grupos Sanguíneos , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Descritiva
2.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1530113

RESUMO

Introducción: Los primeros casos con neumonía atípica de etiología desconocida fueron reportados en Wuhan, China en diciembre de 2019. En enero 2020 se describió como agente causal un nuevo tipo de virus de la familia Coronaviridae, denominado SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo: Evaluar la significación clínica de los cambios hematológicos y morfológicos en la sangre periférica de pacientes con COVID-19. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal que incluyó a los pacientes con COVID-19 que ingresaron en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Freyre de Andrade desde el 1ro de junio hasta 31 de septiembre de 2021. Los pacientes fueron asignados a dos grupos según fueron admitidos, en las unidades de vigilancia intensiva o en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Se les realizó hemograma completo y lámina periférica el día del ingreso para evaluar la significación clínica de estas variables en la evolución de estos pacientes. Resultados: El sexo femenino predominó en los pacientes ingresados en unidades de vigilancia intensiva (67,36 %) y el masculino en los ingresados en unidades de cuidados intensivos (63,26 %). La media de edad fue mayor en el grupo de pacientes en cuidados intensivos (65,83 años). La leucocitosis y el menor recuento de plaquetas predominaron en los pacientes ingresados en cuidados intensivos, seguido de linfopenia. Las macroplaquetas, las vacuolas citoplasmáticas y las granulaciones tóxicas fueron más frecuentes en el grupo de cuidados intensivos. Conclusiones: El hemograma y el frotis de sangre periférica son útiles para diagnosticar y predecir la evolución de los pacientes y permiten un mejor manejo de la infección.


Introduction: The first cases of atypical pneumonia of unknown etiology were reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In January 2020 a new virus from Coronaviridae family was described as causal agent and was named SARS-COV-2. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical significance of numerical values of complete blood count (CBC) and morphologic changes on peripheral blood on patients with COVID-19. Methods: A descriptive, observational, transversal study included patients with diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted in Freyre de Andrade Hospital in Havana, between June 1st and September 31st of 2022 was carried out. Patients were assigned to two groups according to their admission in intensive vigilance ward or intensive care unit. CBC test and peripheral blood smear were performed on admission day to evaluate the significance on clinical evolution. Results: Female sex predominated on intensive vigilance group (67,36 %) and male in intensive care group (63,26 %). Media of age was superior in intensive care group (67,83 years). Leukocytosis and low level of platelets count were significantly more common in more severe group followed by lymphopenia. The presence of big platelets, cytoplasmic vacuoles and toxic granules were more common in intensive care unit group. Conclusions: The CBC and peripheral blood smear are useful tools to diagnose and predict clinical evolution and allow a better management of infection.


Assuntos
Humanos
3.
Adv Biomark Sci Technol ; 4: 36-53, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36404876

RESUMO

Different biomarkers for SARS-CoV-2 have been linked to detection, diagnosis, treatment, disease progression, and development of new drugs and vaccines. The objective of this research was to evaluate various hematological, biochemicals, immunological, radiological and spirometric parameters in 20 adult patients convalescing from COVID-19 and their possible relationship with the clinical course of the disease. The frequencies of categorical variables were compared using the chi-square and Fisher's exact test. The levels of statistical significance were denoted in each figure legend. Two-dimensional clustering analysis was performed using MeV software from TIGR. The tests with P value of ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Most of the patients studied presented alterations in dissimilar laboratory, radiological and spirometric parameters, which were related to the clinical evolution of the disease. The results obtained show that certain hematological, biochemical, immunological and radiological parameters can be considered as biomarkers of sequela in adult COVID-19 patients, which allows their stratification, according to the degree of involvement or sequela, into three groups: I (mild degree of involvement or sequela), without lung lesions on computerized axial tomography (CT scan) and high values of IgG, C3 and hemoglobin, II (moderate degree of involvement or sequel), without lung lesions on CT scan, characterized by high levels of CD3+/CD4+ T lymphocytes and the rest of the variables with low values and III (severe degree of involvement or sequela), with lung lesions on CT scan and high values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, monocytes and neutrophils, associated with lymphopenia and decreased concentrations of IgG and C3.

4.
Exp Gerontol ; 167: 111900, 2022 10 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35868536

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: B1a lymphocytes are characterized by having a high capacity for self-renewal and production of natural antibodies, in a T-independent manner. There are differences in both the number and composition of mature B lymphocytes throughout life, due to the phenomenon of immunosenescence. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the immunophenotype of B1a lymphocytes in older Cuban adults with a simplified CD19CD20CD5 panel. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 institutionalized Cuban older adults. Characterization of CD19 + CD5+, CD20 + CD5+, and CD19 + CD20+ B lymphocytes in peripheral blood was performed by flow cytometry. For the reading and analysis of the biological samples, a flow cytometer, Beckman Coulter, Gallios, was used. A Microsoft Excel database was created with the information obtained. The sample was divided by sex and age. The data were processed using the statistical program GraphPadPrism version 6.00 using the percentage values and the median for the sample description. RESULTS: The elderly aged 80 years and over showed a decrease in the absolute count of CD19 + CD20+ B lymphocytes, as well as in the percentage and absolute count of CD19 + CD5+ B lymphocytes. On the other hand, they presented higher absolute counts of CD20 + CD5+ lymphocytes in relation to those of the <80-year-old group. Women showed higher absolute counts of CD19 + CD5+, CD20 + CD5+, and CD19 + CD20+ B lymphocyte populations. CONCLUSIONS: The immunophenotypic characterization of B1a lymphocytes in older Cuban adults is similar to that reported by other researchers. Both age and sex influence the absolute count of these cells, being higher in women under 80 years of age.


Assuntos
Linfócitos B , Linfócitos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos
5.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408424

RESUMO

Las plaquetas son fragmentos citoplasmáticos anucleados derivados de los megacariocitos que presentan función central, tanto en procesos fisiológicos como la hemostasia, así como también en procesos patológicos como la inflamación, la ateroesclerosis. El tamaño de las plaquetas, medido como volumen medio de plaquetas, es un marcador de reactividad plaquetaria, que proporciona información importante sobre el curso y pronóstico de una variedad de afecciones inflamatorias. El estudio de este marcador se ha utilizado como pronóstico en enfermedades cardiovasculares, preeclampsia y en la púrpura trombocitopénica. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar los conceptos actuales basados en la evidencia científica relacionados con el volumen plaquetario medio e insistir en su evaluación y significado en la práctica clínica cotidiana(AU)


Platelets are enucleated cytoplasmic fragments derived from megakaryocytes, which have a central function, both in physiological processes such as hemostasis, as well as in pathological processes such as inflammation, atherosclerosis. Platelet size, measured as mean volume of platelets, is a marker of platelet reactivity, providing important information on the course and prognosis of a variety of inflammatory conditions. The study of this marker has been used as a prognostic in cardiovascular diseases, preeclampsia and in thrombocytopenic purpura. The objective of this paper is to review the current concepts based on scientific evidence related to the mean platelet volume and to insist on its evaluation and meaning in daily clinical practice(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Púrpura Trombocitopênica/diagnóstico , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Aterosclerose , Volume Plaquetário Médio/métodos , Processos Patológicos
6.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408406

RESUMO

Introducción: Durante las últimas décadas es evidente el aumento progresivo de los adultos mayores en Cuba. El proceso de envejecimiento provoca cambios en el sistema inmune que afectan su funcionamiento y desarrollo. Objetivo: Caracterizar parámetros hematológicos e inmunológicos mediante el hemograma completo en adultos mayores cubanos antes y después de la administración de la Biomodulina T®. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y observacional para evaluar el efecto de la Biomodulina T® sobre los parámetros del hemograma completo. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico GraphPad Prism (versión 6.00). Los datos que presentaban una distribución normal, se procesaron utilizando la t Student. La prueba de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon se empleó cuando los datos no cumplían una distribución normal, ambos para un nivel de significación de p < 0,05. Resultados: Predominaron las mujeres en relación a los hombres, que representó 27,6 por cientoHubo superioridad de adultos mayores de 76-80 años de edad. El conteo global de leucocitos se mantuvo dentro de parámetros normales y solo en 5 pacientes disminuyeron las plaquetas después de la administración de Biomodulina T. Estos resultados no fueron estadísticamente significativos. Conclusiones: Se demostró que el tratamiento con Biomodulina T® no modifica los diferentes parámetros del hemograma completo en el adulto mayor(AU)


Introduction: In the last decade it has been evident the rise in the older adults in Cuba. The process of aging causes changes in the immune system that affects the development and function. Objective: To characterize hematological and immunological parameters by means of the complete blood count in Cuban older adults before and after the administration of Biomodulin T® Materials and methods: A descriptive and observational study was to conducted to evaluate the use of Biomodulina T, the statistic package used was the GraphPad Prism (version 6.00). The data that showed a normal distribution were processed using the Student´s t test. The Wilcoxon´s signed range test with was used when the data did not comply with the normal distribution. Both for a signification level of p < 0.05. Results: Women predominated in relation to men, representing 27.6 percent. There was a predominance of older adults aged 76-80 years. The global leukocyte count remained within normal parameters and platelets decreased only in 5 patients after the administration of Biomodulina T, that results were not statistically significant. Conclusion: It was shown that the Biomodulina T did not modify the hemogram results in the elderly patients(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Contagem de Células Sanguíneas , Envelhecimento , Sistema Imunitário , Cooperação Internacional , Padrões de Referência
7.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 36(2): e992, abr.-jun. 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1149895

RESUMO

Introducción: Las alteraciones cuantitativas de plaquetas son producidas por el incremento o disminución de los conteos globales de plaquetas. El incremento o trombocitosis se produce por redistribución o aumento de la producción medular; la disminución puede ser el resultado de una reducción de la producción, redistribución o acortamiento de la sobrevida de las plaquetas en circulación. Objetivo: Describir los hallazgos citomorfológicos más importantes en las alteraciones cuantitativas de plaquetas. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura, en inglés y español, en la base de datos PubMed y el motor de búsqueda Google Académico de artículos publicados en los últimos 10 años. Se hizo un análisis y resumen de la bibliografía revisada. Análisis y síntesis de la información: Las alteraciones cuantitativas de plaquetas se caracterizan por variaciones en el número y morfología de estas células. Estas se asocian a causas congénitas o adquiridas, en la que la detallada anamnesis de los pacientes es un elemento importante en el diagnóstico. En la trombocitosis se debe diferenciar una trombocitosis reactiva de una enfermedad medular primaria; mientras que en la trombocitopenia se debe considerar el origen étnico de los pacientes y la morfología de los leucocitos. Son numerosas las causas hereditarias de trombocitopenia con anomalías morfológicas de plaquetas y granulocitos. Conclusiones: Las alteraciones cuantitativas de plaquetas son un amplio número de entidades con semejanzas y diferencias en cuanto a presentación y manifestaciones clínicas. Los exámenes de laboratorio constituyen una herramienta importante en el diagnóstico, pronóstico y el seguimiento de los pacientes afectados(AU)


Introduction: Quantitative platelet alterations are produced by the increase or decrease in global platelet counts. Platelet count increase or thrombocytosis is produced by redistribution or increased marrow production. Platelet decrease may result from production, redistribution, or shortened survival of circulating platelets. Objective: To describe the most significant cytomorphological findings in quantitative platelet alterations. Methods: A literature review was carried out, in English and in Spanish, in the database PubMed and with the search engine of Google Scholar, of articles published in the last ten years. An analysis and summary of the revised bibliography was made. Information analysis and synthesis: Quantitative platelet alterations are characterized by variations in the number and morphology of these cells. These are associated with congenital or acquired causes, in which detailed anamnesis of patients is an important element in the diagnosis. In thrombocytosis, reactive thrombocytosis must be differentiated from primary marrow disease; while in thrombocytopenia, the ethnic origin of the patients and the morphology of the leukocytes must be considered. Hereditary causes of thrombocytopenia with morphological abnormalities of platelets and granulocytes are numerous. Conclusions: Quantitative platelet alterations are a large number of entities with similarities and differences in terms of presentation and clinical manifestations. Laboratory tests are an important tool for diagnosis, prognosis, and follow-up of affected patients(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Contagem de Plaquetas/métodos , Trombocitopenia/diagnóstico , Trombocitose/diagnóstico , Células/citologia , Plaquetas/patologia
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