Isolation of Bacillus strains from the rhizosphere of cereals and in vitro screening for antagonism against phytopathogenic, food-borne pathogenic and spoilage micro-organisms.

Bacillus strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of cereals in order to be used as natural biocontrol agents (BCAs). They were screened for antagonism in vitro against various test micro-organisms. The isolates showing antagonism were identified to species level. A combination of techniques was employed for the isolation of Bacillus species. Using the direct method, only one of the 25 isolates screened showed antagonistic properties. This strain (IFS-01) was identified by means of API test strips and the ATB Plus computer programme. It proved to be Bacillus subtilis and consequently has been designated as Bacillus subtilis IFS-01. This strain produced either a broad spectrum antimicrobial compound or several compounds with different activities. The fungi and Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to the antagonistic isolate than the Gram-negative bacteria. A Bacillus strain producing BCAs which can be used as biopesticides or organic preservatives has been isolated and identified.

[Myocardial infarct and diabetes mellitus: incidence, management and prognosis]. / Myocardialis infarctus és diabetes mellitus: elöfordulás, kezelés, prognózis.

The authors analyse the data of the Myocardial and Diabetes Register, where 2436 diabetic patients (pts) and 1448 pts with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were registered between 1st of January, 1992 and 31st of December 1994. In the history of diabetic patients previous AMI was present in 14.4% of the cases. The 21.6% of the AMI pts had diabetes mellitus as well. According to the type of diabetes (IDDM and NIDDM) the prevalence of AMI in the history of the registered persons was significantly different: among pts with NIDDM the previous AMI was found 14.8% of the pts and only 2% of pts with IDDM (p = 0.012). The clinical picture of AMI was also different of AMI pts with and without diabetes: chest pain suggesting AMI was present 10.9% of pts with proved AMI and diabetes mellitus, and 86.2% of pts with AMI without diabetes (p < 0.0001). The Streptokinase treatment was more common among AMI pts without diabetes (18.2% versus 12.5% p = 0.022). The hospital lethality was significantly higher among AMI pts with diabetes (42.8% versus 29.4% (p < 0.0001). The poorer prognosis was independent of age.

[Heart damage associated with cerebrovascular accidents]. / Agyi vascularis katasztrófákhoz csatlakozó szívkárosodás.

The authors present a clinico-pathological study on 21 patients who died in acute cerebrovascular diseases. The main myocardial lesions were focal hemorrhages, contraction band necroses and myocarditis. The ECG abnormalities and the pathogenesis of the cardiopathy are discussed on the basis of their investigations and dates of references. Their conclusions is that the heart damages are modulated by catecholamines. The occurrence of this cardiopathy should be prevented by beta-blockers, so the life-expectancy of patients and the number of heart donors could increase.

[Clinical importance of cardiac output dissociation between the right and left ventricle without evidence of an anatomical shunt]. / Kimutatható anatómiai shunt nélküli, jobb és bal kamrai perctérfogat disszociáció klinikai jelentösége.

Authors took note of transitoric cardiac output dissociation between the right and left ventricle during the treatment of the acute myocardial infarction controlled hemodynamically, without the presence of a provable anatomical shunt. They demonstrate some kinds of clinical appearances and call the attention to the clinical importance of the progressive cardiac output dissociation. The re-establishment of balance of the right and left cardiac output in resting position at the most optimal level of the oxygen demand, simultaneously the correction of the blood pressure and blood volume correlation can help the treatment of such acute cardiovascular cases which are complicated hemodynamic disturbances. The authors demonstrate a simple method for the registration of the cardiac output in the left and right ventricles. It has been found that the right cardiac output determined by the thermodilution method cannot be referred to the left one in such cases when the dissociation of cardiac output is present, because it can cause damage.

Follow-up the haemodynamic effect of nitroglycerin and determination of the optimal dose using the non-invasive and invasive methods in patients treated at the intensive care unit.

The authors report on observations with nitroglycerin applied in the treatment of acute and chronic left ventricular failure to patients suffering from ischaemic heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. The treatment of 28 patients was discussed in detail, the nitroglycerin products used were: Nitrolingual inj. Nitromint controlled-release tabl., Nitrong tablet and Iso-Mack controlled-release tablet (isosorbide dinitrate). The haemodynamism-influencing effects of nitroglycerin were controlled by the invasive and non-invasive methods. The pulse volume of the left ventricle was estimated by measuring the ejection angle, the filling pressure of the left ventricle by measuring the diastolic pressure of the pulmonary artery. On the basis of their observations the authors attach high importance to the determination of individual nitroglycerin doses of broader spectrum compared to the commonly used doses. By taking into consideration the ejection angle correlating closely with left ventricular pulse volume besides the other characteristic parameters (PCWP, RR, pulse rate, ECG), higher nitroglycerin doses could be used without risk in cases in which the survival of the patient was obviously due to the application of higher doses.

Computer evaluation of human circulation based on non-invasive methods.

A discriminating program was developed on the basis of time, dynamic and simply calculated parameters of non-invasive tracings recorded in the supine position. Data were derived from ECG, PCG and the indirect carotid pulse curve. The optimal program, formed after 40 experimental processes, was in 85% agreement with the clinical diagnosis. To improve the decision process, we created a new 'test again' group, in addition to the healthy and sick groups. The 'test again' group included 16.5% of the examined subjects. At the same time, there was 75.6% agreement with the clinical diagnosis, and 7.9% disagreement. The risk factors, which could be demonstrated as part of the 'errors' called attention to undetected heart failure. The descriminating function found to be best, was fed into a small computer (R-10). Records for evaluation were entered on magnetic tape to the computer which measured automatically the necessary parameters and printed out the 'decision': 'healthy', 'test again!', or 'cardiac patient', as well as other data, such as systolic time intervals, etc. There is a wide potential application for automated computer system based on non-invasive parameters.