Exploring barriers and facilitators to feeding children with minimal or no "Junk Food": Insights from Mexican women.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the factors that promote or hinder the feeding of children with minimal or no ultra-processed products to inform the design of an mHealth strategy in Mexico and prevent child malnutrition among the economically vulnerable. METHODS: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted, involving 24 in-depth face-to-face interviews with caregivers of children aged 24-59 months from both urban and rural communities. To analyze the data, we used thematic analysis and incorporated a few elements of grounded theory. RESULTS: More barriers than facilitators were identified. Key barriers included: misconceptions and the widespread availability of junk food through an extensive network of grocery stores; neighbors and family gifting junk food; the association of soda with celebrations; the practice of indulging children with junk food; and the normalization of junk food consumption by both adults and children. Facilitators included: caregivers' awareness of the health risks associated with junk food; economic constraints limiting junk food purchases; support from husbands in regulating children's junk food consumption; the presence of a family member with diabetes; specific cultural beliefs about children's digestive health; as well as displacement of "healthy" foods that nourish children. CONCLUSION: Based on our findings, we formulated recommendations for interventions at intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy levels to support healthier feeding practices for children.

Factors Affecting Anemia among Women of Reproductive Age in Mexico: A Mixed-Methods Country Case Study.

BACKGROUND: In Mexico, anemia prevalence among women of reproductive age (WRA) decreased from 16.4% in 2006 to 11.6% in 2012, only to increase to 18.3% in 2016. The factors associated with this fluctuation are uncertain. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a systematic in-depth assessment of the quantitative and qualitative determinants of anemia among WRA in Mexico between 2006 and 2018. METHODS: Using multivariate stepwise linear regression, we analyzed Mexico's Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (ENSANUT) surveys from 2006, 2012, and 2018 to identify determinants of WRA anemia. We also conducted a review of anemia-relevant programs and policies, including financing documents, and conducted in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with key stakeholders in Mexico. RESULTS: Among non-pregnant women (NPW) 15-49 years, mean hemoglobin (Hb) increased from 13.8 g/dL in 2006 to 14.0 g/dL in 2012, decreasing to 13.2 g/dL in 2018 (p<0.001). Inequities by geographical region and household wealth persisted throughout this period, with household wealth, urban residence and gravidity emerging as significant predictors of Hb among NPW. Qualitative analyses generally supported these findings. The most discussed program was Progresa-Oportunidades-Prospera (POP), where most resources for health were invested and most participants acknowledged that its cancellation in 2019 would lead to worsening in health and nutrition among the poor. Financing analyses showed a drop of funding for nutrition-related programs between 2014 and 2018. Cultural norms around gender roles were still prevalent, along with increasing rates of teenage pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Anemia prevention efforts need to refocus on poverty alleviation, continuity of adequate coverage and financing of nutrition programs, especially with safety nets, and increase in uptake of family planning, especially among adolescent girls.

Effectiveness and Implementation of a Text Messaging mHealth Intervention to Prevent Childhood Obesity in Mexico in the COVID-19 Context: Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Promoting physical activity (PA) and healthy feeding (HF) is crucial to address the alarming increase in obesity rates in developing countries. Leveraging mobile phones for behavior change communication to encourage infant PA and promote HF is particularly significant within the Mexican context. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the effectiveness and feasibility of mHealth interventions aimed at promoting PA and HF among primary caregivers (PCs) of Mexican children under the age of 5 years. Additionally, the study aims to disseminate insights gained from intervention implementation amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and assess the potential of behavior change mHealth interventions on a broader population scale. METHODS: NUTRES, an mHealth intervention, underwent an effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial. Over 36 weeks, participants in the intervention group (IG), totaling 230 individuals, received approximately 108 SMS text messages tailored to their children's age. These messages covered topics such as PA and HF and emphasized the significance of proper child nutrition amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. NUTRES participants were recruited from both urban and rural health units across 2 states in Mexico. Given the COVID-19 context, both baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted via mobile or fixed telephone. The evaluation of effectiveness and implementation used a mixed methods approach. Qualitative analysis delved into participants' experiences with NUTRES and various implementation indicators, including acceptance, relevance, and coverage. Grounded theory was used for coding and analysis. Furthermore, difference-in-differences regression models were used to discern disparities between groups (comparison group [CG] versus IG) concerning knowledge and practices pertaining to infant PA and HF. RESULTS: Of the total 494 PCs enrolled in NUTRES, 334 persisted until the end of the study, accounting for 67.6% (334/494) participation across both groups. A majority of PCs (43/141, 30.5%, always; and 97/141, 68.8%, sometimes) used the SMS text message information. Satisfaction and acceptability toward NUTRES were notably high, reaching 98% (96/98), with respondents expressing that NUTRES was "good," "useful," and "helpful" for enhancing child nutrition. Significant differences after the intervention were observed in PA knowledge, with social interaction favored (CG: 8/135, 5.9% vs IG: 20/137, 14.6%; P=.048), as well as in HF practice knowledge. Notably, sweetened beverage consumption, associated with the development of chronic diseases, showed divergence (CG: 92/157, 58.6% vs IG: 110/145, 75.9%; P=.003). In the difference-in-differences model, a notable increase of 0.03 in knowledge regarding the benefits of PA was observed (CG: mean 0.13, SD 0.10 vs IG: mean 0.16, SD 0.11; P=.02). PCs expressed feeling accompanied and supported, particularly amidst the disruption of routine health care services during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: While NUTRES exhibited a restricted impact on targeted knowledge and behaviors, the SMS text messages functioned effectively as both a reminder and a source of new knowledge for PCs of Mexican children under 5 years of age. The key lessons learned were as follows: mHealth intervention strategies can effectively maintain communication with individuals during emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic; methodological and implementation barriers can constrain the effectiveness of mHealth interventions; and using mixed methods approaches ensures the complementary nature of results. The findings contribute valuable evidence regarding the opportunities and constraints associated with using mobile phones to enhance knowledge and practices concerning PA and HF among PCs of children under 5 years old. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04250896; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04250896.

Anaemia in adolescent women: A priority for the nutrition agenda in Mexico. A comparison of data from the ENSANUT 2012 and 2018-2019 surveys.

The risk of anaemia in adolescence increases due to accelerated growth. This study aims to: (1) estimate the prevalence of anaemia in 2012 and 2018-2019 (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutricion - ENSANUT [n = 5841 in 2012 and n = 2380 in 2018-2019]) in non-pregnant, Mexican adolescent women aged 12-19 years, and the changes in prevalence over this period according to sociodemographic, health and nutrition characteristics; (2) estimate the associations between anaemia and sociodemographic, health and nutrition characteristics in each year and overall, in non-pregnant Mexican adolescent women. Anaemia was defined as capillary haemoglobin <12 g/dL. The distribution of characteristics and their changes between 2012 and 2018-2019 were described. The covariate-adjusted prevalence of anaemia in 2012 and 2018-2019 and the changes over that period were estimated from a multiple log-binomial regression model and the factors associated with anaemia were assessed in each survey year and in both years combined. The prevalence of anaemia was 7.7% in 2012 and 13.1% in 2018-2019 (69% increase, Prevalence Ratio: PR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.35, 2.13). The covariate-adjusted prevalence of anaemia increased from 6.9% to 10.5% in the overall population (PR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.19, 1.96), and increased considerably in the age group 12-14 years (PR = 1.94, 95%CI: 1.36, 2.75), and in the northern region (PR = 3.68, 95%CI: 2.55, 5.32). Those receiving iron supplements or school breakfasts did not register a significant increase. A higher household wellbeing status and older age were associated with a lower prevalence of anaemia. Anaemia in non-pregnant adolescent women continues to be a public health problem. To improve the development and health of adolescent women in Mexico and to pave the way to a healthy pregnancy for the next generation, the causes of anaemia should be identified.

Semi-supervised approach to identify steps, shoes, and gender of older adults under semi-naturalistic conditions using a waist-worn inertial sensor.

An emerging source of information to recognize individuals' characteristics are the walking pattern-related parameters. The elderly can be one of the populations that can benefit most from recognition-based applications, which may help to increase their possibilities of living independently at home. Approaches have been mostly focused on gait events' identification or assessment; nonetheless, such information can also be used to obtain seniors' characteristics that depend on physiological or environmental factors. These factors can be useful to provide a customized assistance based on contextual information. In this paper, we propose a method focused on seniors, to detect steps, and to recognize gender and type of shoes by using only the initial foot contact (IC) data obtained from inertial sensors during semi-controlled walking. Data were collected from 20 older adults who walked at self-speed in a natural environment. The method consists of first clustering the IC using k-means; then, a trained recurrent neural network recognizes gender, type of shoes, and the step phases (IC and other phases); to finally conduct step detection (SD) using a ruled-based method. The method recognizes gender and the type of shoes with an accuracy of 93% and 83.07%, respectively, whereas there were not misrecognitions of the step phases. SD achieved a mean absolute percentage error equal to 0.64%. The good results show that the method is appropriate for users' characteristics recognition applications without depending on assumptions based on individualities. Likewise, the method can be useful to monitor physical activity or systems aimed to keep safe older adults.

Implementación de tres guías de buenas prácticas clínicas en la escuela de enfermería de la universidad de talca, chile

El presente artículo describe el proceso de implementación de tres guías elaboradas por la Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO) de Canadá, en el módulo enfermería en el adulto en la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de Talca, proceso que se enmarca en el convenio establecido entre la Universidad de Talca y esta asociación, a través del Departamento de Enfermería de la Universidad de Chile, host leader del Programa de Guías de Buenas Prácticas Clínicas de la RNAO. Esta implementación se llevó a cabo a través de diversas metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje que han permitido a los estudiantes integrar y aplicar la Enfermería Basada en Evidencia en la práctica clínica y también, establecer una alianza entre la institución académica y los centros de asistencia sanitaria.

This article describes the implementation process of three guidelines developed by the Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO) in the adult nursing module at the School of Nursing of the University of Talca. This process is part of the agreement reached between the University of Talca and this association, through the Department of Nursing of the University of Chile, Host Leader of the RNAO's Best Clinical Practice Guidelines Program. This implementation has been carried out through various teaching-learning methodologies that have allowed students to integrate and apply Evidence-Based Nursing in clinical practice and also to establish an alliance between the academic institution and health care centers.

Este artigo descreve o processo de implementação de três diretrizes desenvolvidas pela Associação de Enfermeiros Registrados de Ontario (RNAO, sigla em inglês) do Canadá no módulo de enfermagem para adultos da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de Talca. Esse processo faz parte do acordo estabelecido entre a Universidade de Talca e esta associação, por meio do Departamento de Enfermagem da Universidade do Chile, host leader do Programa de Boas Práticas Clínicas da RNAO. Essa implementação foi realizada por meio de várias metodologias de ensino-apredizagem que permitiram aos estudantes integrarem a Enfermagem Baseada em Evidências à prática clínica, e também estabelecer uma aliança entre a instituição académica e os centros de saúde.

Parental Feeding Styles and Their Association With Complementary Feeding Practices and Growth in Mexican Children.

Background: Complementary feeding practices and corresponding parental feeding styles influence nutritional status in later stages of childhood. Findings on the association of these variables with infant growth remain inconsistent; in Mexico, a research gap exists in this area. Research Aims: (1) To characterize parental feeding styles and complementary feeding practices, and (2) to evaluate the association of parental feeding styles with complementary feeding practices and infant growth at 6 and 9 months of age. Methods: Data were collected from a prospective Mexican birth cohort. Parental feeding styles, complementary feeding practices, and anthropometric data from 263 to 234 mother-child pairs (infants of 6 and 9 months of age, respectively) were analyzed. Logistic and linear regression models were used to determine the associations between variables. Results: The predominant parental feeding style was the "responsive style" (90%). Only 43.7 and 8.1% of 6- and 9-month-old infants, had adequate complementary feeding practices, respectively. At 6 months, mothers who were responsive to satiety signals had 11% lesser possibilities (OR = 0.89, 95% CI [0.80, 0.98]) of their infant having inadequate complementary feeding practices than their counterparts and "pressuring to finish" and "pressuring to eat cereal" sub-constructs were associated with lower weight for length and body mass index Z-scores (p = 0.02). Conclusions: A high proportion of infants (>40%) did not meet international recommendations. The "pressuring" parental feeding style sub-constructs were associated with growth indicators in 6-month old infants. This emphasizes the importance of promoting parental responsiveness to infant appetite and satiety signals to achieving adequate complementary feeding practices.

[Food groups consumption and its associationwith sociodemographic characteristics in Mexicanpopulation. Ensanut 2018-19]. / Consumo de grupos de alimentos y su asociación con características sociodemográficas en población mexicana. Ensanut 2018-19.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the consumption of recommended and non-recommended food groups for daily consumption, and their association with sociodemographic characteristics in Mexican population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Infor-mation from the 2018-19 National Health and Nutrition Survey from Mexico, using a 7-day food consumption fre-quency questionnaire, in children and adults. We estimated consumption of seven food groups in quartiles by age group. We analyzed the association of locality of residence, region and tertil of well-being index (WBI). RESULTS: Living in urban locality, north region, or medium or high WBI were associated with higher possibility of being in higher quartiles of egg and dairy, legumes, processed meat and snacks, candies and desserts consumption. CONCLUSIONS: In the southern Mexico more fruits are consumed, but less legumes, eggs and dairy products, while in urban locations more snacks, sweets and desserts are consumed.

OBJETIVO: Describir el consumo de grupos de alimentos recomendables y no recomendables para consumo cotidiano y su asociación con características sociodemográficas en población mexicana. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: tomada de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2018-19, utilizando un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de ali-mentos. Se estimaron cuartiles de consumo de siete grupos de alimentos por grupo poblacional. Se analizó la asociación del consumo con tipo de localidad, región y terciles de condición de bienestar (ICB). RESULTADOS: Pertenecer a localidades urbanas, región norte e ICB medio y alto se asoció con mayor posibilidad de estar en los cuartiles más altos de consumo de huevo y lácteos y carnes procesadas, mientras que la región sur se asoció con mayor consumo de leguminosas y bebidas endulzadas. CONCLUSIONES: En el sur de México se consume más frutas, pero menos leguminosas, huevo y lácteos, mientras que en localidades urbanas se consume más carnes procesa-das, botanas, dulces y postres.

Consumo de grupos de alimentos y su asociación con características sociodemográficas en población mexicana. Ensanut 2018-19 / Food groups consumption and its association with sociodemographic characteristics in Mexican population. Ensanut 2018-19

Resumen: Objetivo: Describir el consumo de grupos de alimentos recomendables y no recomendables para consumo cotidiano y su asociación con características sociodemográficas en población mexicana. Material y métodos: Información tomada de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2018-19, utilizando un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos. Se estimaron cuartiles de consumo de siete grupos de alimentos por grupo poblacional. Se analizó la asociación del consumo con tipo de localidad, región y terciles de condición de bienestar (ICB). Resultados: Pertenecer a localidades urbanas, región norte e ICB medio y alto se asoció con mayor posibilidad de estar en los cuartiles más altos de consumo de huevo y lácteos y carnes procesadas, mientras que la región sur se asoció con mayor consumo de leguminosas y bebidas endulzadas. Conclusión: En el sur de México se consume más frutas, pero menos leguminosas, huevo y lácteos, mientras que en localidades urbanas se consume más carnes procesadas, botanas, dulces y postres.

Abstract: Objective: To describe the consumption of recommended and non-recommended food groups for daily consumption, and their association with sociodemographic characteristics in Mexican population. Materials and methods: Information from the 2018-19 National Health and Nutrition Survey from Mexico, using a 7-day food consumption frequency questionnaire, in children and adults. We estimated consumption of seven food groups in quartiles by age group. We analyzed the association of locality of residence, region and tertil of well-being index (WBI). Results: Living in urban locality, north region, or medium or high WBI were associated with higher possibility of being in higher quartiles of egg and dairy, legumes, processed meat and snacks, candies and desserts consumption. Conclusions: In the southern Mexico more fruits are consumed, but less legumes, eggs and dairy products, while in urban locations more snacks, sweets and desserts are consumed.

Location-based technologies for supporting elderly pedestrian in "getting lost" events.

PURPOSE: Localization-based technologies promise to keep older adults with dementia safe and support them and their caregivers during getting lost events. This paper summarizes mainly technological contributions to support the target group in these events. Moreover, important aspects of the getting lost phenomenon such as its concept and ethical issues are also briefly addressed. METHODS: Papers were selected from scientific databases and gray literature. Since the topic is still in its infancy, other terms were used to find contributions associated with getting lost e.g. wandering. RESULTS: Trends of applying localization systems were identified as personal locators, perimeter systems and assistance systems. The first system barely considered the older adult's opinion, while assistance systems may involve context awareness to improve the support for both the elderly and the caregiver. Since few studies report multidisciplinary work with a special focus on getting lost, there is not a strong evidence of the real efficiency of localization systems or guidelines to design systems for the target group. CONCLUSIONS: Further research about getting lost is required to obtain insights for developing customizable systems. Moreover, considering conditions of the older adult might increase the impact of developments that combine localization technologies and artificial intelligence techniques. Implications for Rehabilitation Whilst there is no cure for dementia such as Alzheimer's, it is feasible to take advantage of technological developments to somewhat diminish its negative impact. For instance, location-based systems may provide information to early diagnose the Alzheimer's disease by assessing navigational impairments of older adults. Assessing the latest supportive technologies and methodologies may provide insights to adopt strategies to properly manage getting lost events. More user-centered designs will provide appropriate assistance to older adults. Namely, customizable systems could assist older adults in their daily walks with the aim to increase their self-confidence, independence and autonomy.

Aplicación del test Findrisk para cálculo del riesgo de padecer diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / Application of the test Findrisk for calculation of risk type 2 diabetes mellitus

Evaluar el riesgo de padecer Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) mediante el instrumento FINDRISK, en personas no diabéticos mayores de 20 años. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva transversal, cuya muestra fue de 404 individuos, 304 del sexo femenino y 100 del masculino, seleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico accidental, a quienes se les aplicó una entrevista que incluyó el Test FINDRISK, el cual evaluó: la edad, índice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia abdominal (CA), ejercicio físico, consumo de verduras y frutas, uso de antihipertensivos, antecedentes de hiperglucemia, antecedentes familiares de DM2, categorizándose en: bajo riesgo, riesgo ligeramente elevado, riesgo moderado, riesgo alto y riesgo muy elevado; adicionalmente el método GRAFFAR modificado determinó el estrato socioeconómico y su relación con el riesgo de padecer diabetes. Este estudio arrojó que 10,89% y 0,99% presentaron riesgo alto y muy alto respectivamente lo que predominó en el estrato IV, 41,34% tanto para sobrepeso y CA alterada, 19,80% tuvieron obesidad, 62,62% eran sedentarios, 38,37% tenían dieta no balanceada, 13,86% resultaron hipertensos, 14,11% refirió tener antecedentes de hiperglucemia y 24,26% tenían antecedentes familiares de DM2. Los individuos con riesgo moderado, alto y muy alto según el test FINDRISK deben implementar medidas orientadas al cambio del estilo de vida, con dieta sana y ejercicio físico frecuente, a fin de retrasar la aparición de DM2.

To assess the risk of developing type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) in non-diabetic persons older than 20 years using the FINDRISK instrument; A descriptive , transversal study with a sample of 404 individuals, 304 females and 100 males, selected by accidental non-probability sampling. An interview was applied which included the Test FINDRISK, which evaluates: age, body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (AC), exercise, fruit and vegetable consumption, use of antihypertensive drugs, history of hyperglycemia, family history of DM2, being categorized into: low risk, slightly elevated risk, moderate risk, high risk and very high risk; The GRAFFAR modified method was used to determine the socioeconomic status and the relationship with the risk of diabetes. This study showed that 10.89% and 0.99% have high risk and very high respectively, prevailing in the IV stratum of, 41.34% for both overweight and impaired AC; 19.80% were obese, 62.62% were sedentary, 38.37% had a non balanced diet, 13.86% were hypertensive, 14.11% reported a history of hyperglycemia and 24.26% had a family history of DM2. Individuals with moderate, high and very high risk according to the test FINDRISK must implement measures aimed at changing their lifestyle, with healthy diet and frequent exercise, in order to delay the onset of DM2.

Parasitosis intestinales y características epidemiológicas en niños de 1 a 12 años de edad: ambulatorio urbano II Laura Labellarte, Barquisimeto, Venezuela / Intestinal parasites and features epidemilógicas in children 1-12 years of age: urban outpatient II Laura Labellarte, Barquisimeto, Venezuela

Las parasitosis intestinales son aún un problema de salud pública que requiere atención de los organismos la salud. Determinar la frecuencia de parasitosis intestinales y características epidemiológicas en niños de 1 a 12 años que acudieron al Ambulatorio Urbano Tipo II “Laura Labellarte”. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con muestra no probabilística por conveniencia, constituida por 139 niños. Previo consentimiento informado se realizó una entrevista, un examen de heces directo y concentrado y método de Graham. Los datos se procesaron en el Programa EPI-INFO 2007. Se calcularon porcentajes y proporciones, Chi cuadrado y test de Fisher con intervalo de confianza de 95%. Se encontró parasitado 49,6%, sin predilección por edad ni sexo. Se identificó Blastocystis hominis (43,5%), Enterobius vermicularis (39,1%), Giardia lamblia (33,3%), Entamoeba histolytica (10,1%) y Ascaris lumbricoides (1,4%). Se encontró comensales en 15%. El mayor número de parasitados se observó en quienes tenían inadecuadas disposición de excretas (71%), conservación de los alimentos (57,1%), calidad del agua de consumo (53,8%) y frecuencia de recolección de basura (50%), así como en los sintomáticos (51,3%), siendo más frecuente el dolor abdominal (66,7%). Se demostró asociación de vectores con Blastocystis hominis, moscas con Giardia lamblia y roedores con todos los agentes hallados. La elevada frecuencia de parasitos intestinales, especialmente Blastocystis hominis, con predominio entre quienes viven con fallas en la disposición de excretas, conservación de alimentos y la calidad del agua para consumo, demuestran la persistencia de las parasitosis intestinales como problema de salud pública

The intestinal parasitisms are still a problem of public health that requires attention of health organisms. To determine the frequency of intestinal parasitism and epidemiological characteristics in children 1 to 12 years old that attended the “Laura Labellarte” Urban Type II Ambulatory. A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed, with a nonprobabilistic by convenience sample, constituted by 139 children. With a previous informed consent, parents were interviewed and a direct and concentrate fecal analysis and a Graham´s test were performed. The data was processed in EPI-INFO 2007 Program. Percentage, proportions, Chi square and Fisher`s test with confidence interval of 95% were calculated. 49,6% of patients were parasited, with no predilection by age or sex. Blastocystis hominis (43,5%), Enterobius vermicularis (39,1%), Giardia lamblia (33,3%), Entamoeba histolytica (10,1%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (1,4%) were identified. The greater number of parasited patients was observed in those who had inadequate disposition of feces (71%), food storage (57,1%), quality of drinking water (53,8%) and garbage collection (50%) as well as in symptomatic children (51,3%). The most frequent symptom was abdominal pain (66,7%). Association of vectors with Blastocystis hominis, flies with Giardia lamblia and rodents with all causal agents was demonstrated. The high intestinal parasitisms frequency, especially Blastocystis hominis, with predominance among those who live with faults in feces disposition, foods storage and quality of drinking water, demonstrates the persistence of intestinal parasitisms as a public health problem

Conocimientos sobre sexología que poseen los residentes de postgrado del Hospital Central de Maracay Venezuela 2002 / Knowledge about sexology of postgraduate medical residents from the Central Hospital of Maracay Venezuela 2002

El objetivo es conocer el nivel de información que poseen los Residentes de los diferentes Postgrados del Hospital Central de Maracay. En un estudio prospectivo, estadístico, de campo. Se entrevistan 98 Residentes de diferentes especialidades, de los cuales el 56 por ciento fueron femeninos y 44 por ciento masculinos, graduados, el 95 por ciento en Universidades Venezolanas y 5 por ciento en extranjeras; 63 por ciento son casados, 29 por ciento solteros y 8 por ciento divorciados. En la escala de excelente, suficiente y deficiente se encontró que un 60 por ciento de la muestra tiene información suficiente, un 25 por ciento excelente y en el 20 por ciento de ellos la información es deficiente. En el Post-grado, el 53 por ciento opina que la información es adecuada pero que debe agregarse mayor información; que el método de enseñanza más apropiado es el inductivo. Sólo el 45 por ciento recibe algún tipo de información. El 75 por ciento dice que en su Departamento no se organizan reuniones para discutir temas de información sexual. El 75 por ciento analiza la sexualidad en sus pacientes abordando con ellos algunos temas. El 95 por ciento manifiesta que deben crearse cátedras de Sexología y todos son de la opinión que deben hacerse Jornadas Anuales de Sexología en el Hospital. La información sexual que tienen los Residentes es suficiente, más no excelente, y se impone crear en las Universidades cátedras de Sexología y realizar Jornadas sobre esta materia incluyendo temas actuales