Prognostic Factors of Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Hip Arthroplasty in a Developing Country: A Multilevel Analysis with a 4-Year Cohort Study.

Introduction: This study is aimed at estimating the 30-day postoperative mortality rate and total costs of the medical episode, as well as determining prognostic factors associated with these outcomes for adult patients who have undergone total hip arthroplasty (THA) in Colombia's contributory health system. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort using administrative data and included adult patients enrolled in Colombia's contributory health system who underwent THA between the years 2011 and 2014. Outcomes were 30-day mortality ICU admissions, and the 1-year rate of fractures and revisions as well as the total cost of the medical episode incurred by the third-payer for 90 days following the procedure. Multilevel linear regression models were also generated to determine the prognostic factors associated with the outcomes presented. Results: The study included 17,289 patients, with an average age of 67 years. Outcome rates were calculated per 100 surgeries, resulting in 2.15 for mortality, 3.41 for ICU admissions, 2.42 for revision hip arthroplasty and 0.62 for periprosthetic fractures. This study found the age and Charlson Comorbidity Index were associated with mortality and complications, and that being female and performing the procedure in the capital city were protective factors. It also found that the median total cost of the medical episode was USD $ USD$2742.161 (p25-p75: 353.092-3291.747). The multivariate model found increasing trends in cost as age and CCI scores rose, and higher costs in the Atlantic region. Conclusions: Colombia has higher rates of complications from THA than other countries but lower health system costs. For these patients, age, CCI and the geographic region are factors that are associated with mortality, complications, and health system costs.

Evaluación funcional de la rodilla en reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior al retorno al deporte: validación de la escala ACL-RSI modificada / Functional evaluation of the knee in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at the return to sport: Validation of the modified ACL-RSI scale

Introducción La reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior (RLCA) permitir que el deportista vuelva al nivel previo de la lesión; un porcentaje alto no lo logra por factores físicos y psicológicos. Uno de los métodos más usados para la evaluar subjetiva la funcionalidad de la rodilla al reinicio de la actividad física es la escala ACL-RSI (Anterior Cruciate Ligament ­ Return to Sport injury). Objetivo Evaluar la funcionalidad de la rodilla en el retorno al deporte en pacientes con RLCA y validar la escala ACL-RSI modificada en deportistas con actividad recreativa. Materiales y métodos Se realizó traducción y re-traducción de la escala ACL-RSI modificada, se adaptaron culturalmente palabras seleccionadas en la escala, y se aplicó a 44 deportistas recreativos en posoperatorio de RLCA de 9 meses con retorno a la actividad física. Se realizó análisis descriptivo de resultados, análisis factorial exploratorio de la escala y aplicación de alfa de Cronbach para evaluar fiabilidad de la escala. Resultados La edad media fue de 33,7 años. El alfa de Cronbach obtenido para la escala ACL-RSI modificada fue de 0,928. Las medias de las respuestas muestran resultados funcionales de entre 4-6 en escala de 10 en cuanto a factores físicos y psicológicos relacionados con la RLCA, el peor resultado fue relacionado con salto durante la actividad deportiva (media 4,1). Conclusiones La escala ACL-RSI modificada, adaptada culturalmente es válida y aplicable para evaluar funcionalidad de rodilla en RLCA en retorno al deporte. Los resultados funcionales presentan medias inferiores a 6 para todos los ítems tanto físicos como psicológicos.

Introduction Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) can allow the athlete to return to the level prior to the injury, despite the success of the procedure, a high percentage does not achieve it due to physical and psychological factors. One of the most used methods for the subjective evaluation of knee functionality after resumption of physical activity is the ACL-RSI scale (Anterior Cruciate Ligament ­ Return to Sport injury). Objective To evaluate the functionality of the knee in the return to sport in patients with RLCA and to validate the modified ACL-RSI scale in athletes with recreational activity. Materials and methods Translation and re-translation of the modified ACL-RSI scale was performed, selected words on the scale were culturally adapted, and it was applied to 44 recreational athletes in the 9-month postoperative ACL with return to physical activity. performed descriptive analysis of the results, exploratory factorial analysis of the scale and application of Cronbach's alpha to assess the reliability of the scale. Results The mean age was 33.7 years. Cronbach's alpha obtained for the modified ACL-RSI scale was 0.928. The means of the answers show functional results between 4 and 6 on a scale of 10 in terms of physical and psychological factors related to RLCA, the worst result was related to jumping during sports activity (mean 4.1). Conclusions The modified, culturally adapted ACL-RSI scale is valid and applicable to assess knee function in RLCA on return to sport. The functional results of the RCLA show means less than 6 for all items, both physical and psychological.

Classification for Thumb Opposition in Children with Thumb Hypoplasia.

Background: The Kapandji scale has 10 levels and includes abduction, rotation and flexion movements. Assessing children with thumb hypoplasia, this scale is poorly understood and confusing. The objective of the study is to evaluate an opposition scale simpler and understandable for children. Methods: It is a validation study of a simplified scale to qualify the opposition of the thumb, in order to asses only the abduction - rotation but not the flexion of the metacarpo-phalangeal (MP) or interphalangeal (IF) joint. The proposed classification goes from 0 to 3 degrees, where 0: No opposition, 1: The thumb touches the middle phalanx of the 2nd finger, 2: the thumb touches the pulp of the 2nd finger and 3: the thumb touches the pulp of the 5th finger. 10 patients with thumb hypoplasia were analyzed by 9 hand surgeons and 9 orthopedic surgeons. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient shows a very good inter-observer reliability with a kappa of 0.991 (p = 0.000). When correlated by groups, the finding were very good between the hand surgeons group k = 0.980 (p = 0.000) and the orthopedic surgeons group 0.974 (p = 0.000). At 6 weeks a new evaluation was made, the intra-observer reliability was excellent k = 0.995 (p = 0.000). Conclusions: The proposed scale for the evaluation of the abductionrotation of the thumb is validated and useful in the evaluation of the results of a thumb opposition transfer with a good inter-observer and intra-observer reliability between orthopedic and hand surgeons.

Determinación de la forma y diámetro del foramen apical en dientes permanentes anteriores / Determination of the shape and diameter of the apical foramen in anterior permanent teeth

El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la forma y el diámetro del foramen apical en dientes anteriores permanetes. Doscientos cincuenta dientes anteriores permanentes de humanos, fueron escogidos y clasificados según el tipo de diente. Sólo los centrales y laterales inferiores fueron clasificados en un grupo. Se obtuvieron patrones en silicona del conducto radicular de los dientes, que posteriormente fueron fotografiados y medidos en el estereoscopio. Los datos fueron recolectados y analizados estadísticamente, encontrándose que la forma redondeada del foramen apical fue la más frecuente (73.66 por ciento) y el valor promedio para el diámetro de los dientes anteriores superiores fue de 0.403 mm. y en los dientes inferiores de 0.345 mm., arrojando un valor promedio total de la muestra de 0.380 mm.