[Percutaneous treatment of Fraley syndrome]. / Tratamiento percutáneo del síndrome de Fraley.

OBJECTIVE: A case of upper calyx obstruction of the left kidney from an artery encroaching on the infundibulum is described. Treatment was by percutaneous insertion of a prosthesis. The results show the usefulness of the percutaneous approach in the treatment of this condition. METHODS: A Palmaz prosthesis was inserted into the obstructed infundibulum through a nephrostomy. Intravenous urography was performed immediately postoperatively and at 3, 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: No complications were observed postoperatively. At one-year follow-up the patient is asymptomatic and the urographic controls show improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous insertion of a prosthesis in the treatment of infundibular stenosis had achieved good results in the case described herein, although a larger series and long-term follow-up are required to determine the usefulness of this approach.

[Calmette-Guerin bacillus in the prophylaxis of superficial bladder tumors. Our experience and our doubts]. / Bacilo de Calmette-Guerin en la profilaxis de los tumores superficiales de vejiga. Nuestra experiencia y nuestras dudas.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of our BCG dose and schedule for prophylactic therapy in superficial bladder tumors. METHODS: Following complete TUR, 81 mg intravesical BCG were administered weekly for six weeks and for nightly another six times. The patients were evaluated every three months by cytology, cystoscopy and routine analysis. RESULTS: 21/25 patients completed the treatment. At 15.5 months median follow-up, 18/21 (85.7%) were disease-free, 2/21 (9.5%) had recurrence and 1/21 (4.7%) showed disease progression. CONCLUSIONS: BCG is the most effective prophylactic therapy for superficial bladder tumors currently available. The ideal dose, treatment schedule and its mechanism of action are as yet unknown.

[Role of autotransfusion of pre-stored blood in benign prostate hyperplasia. Our experience]. / Papel de la autotransfusión predepósito en la cirugía de la H.B.P. Nuestra experiencia.

The essence of self-transfusion is the extraction of a patient's own blood for subsequent infusion to the same patient. The practice of this strategy has become particularly important from the moment the likelihood of AIDS virus transmission through transfusion with homologous blood products became known. This article presents our experience in both open and endoscopic BPH surgery over the period ranging from January 93 to December 94, and analyzes the health care and socioeconomic aspects of that experience.

[Bladder schistosomiasis: report of 2 new cases with different anatomoclinical features and review of the literature]. / Esquistosomiasis vesical: aportación de dos nuevos casos con presentaciones anatomo-clínicas diferentes y revisión de la literatura.

This paper reports two cases of vesical schistosomiasis in two black patients treated in this Service over the last three years. A description is made of the different anatomo-clinical presentations of these two cases, commenting on the characteristics of this disease, its pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment, and stressing the slight increase in its frequency in our environment as a consequence of the increased migratory movements of people from endemic regions into our country.

[Immunoprophylaxis of superficial tumors of the bladder with interferon alfa-2b. Our experience]. / Inmunoprofilaxis de los tumores superficiales de vejiga con interferon alfa 2b. Nuestra experiencia.

OBJECTIVE: The present study was conducted to determine the usefulness of prophylactic therapy with alpha 2b interferon for superficial bladder tumors. METHOD: Following complete TUR, alpha 2b infereron was administered to 36 patients at a dose of 50 million IU weekly for 3 months and monthly for 9 months. Patients were evaluated every 3 months on the basis of their clinical and analytical data and the cystoscopic findings. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients completed treatment and were evaluable. The follow up and disease-free period was 25.70 months. Recurrence was observed in 38.4% of the patients and tumor progression in 3.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Alpha 2b interferon is useful in the prevention of tumor recurrence. Its utility is similar to that of other drugs currently used.

[Our experience with mitomycin C in the prophylaxis of superficial bladder tumors; retrospective study]. / Nuestra experiencia con mitomicin C como profilaxis en los tumores superficiales de vejiga; estudio retrospectivo.

From 1984 to 1991, fifty-one patients completed prophylactic endovesical treatment with mitomycin C after transurethral resection of a bladder carcinoma Ta, Tl. The mean disease-free period was 31.2 months; twenty patients had recurrences (39.2%) and five (9.8%) had a progression in tumor stage. No statistically significant differences were found relative to the recurrences and tumor number, stage and size. The patients with prior tumors had recurrences before (p < 0.05) and more times (p < 0.01) than the primary group.

[Prospective and randomized study comparing mitomycin C and interferon alpha 2b in the prevention of superficial tumors of the bladder]. / Estudio prospectivo y aleatorio comparando mitomicin C e interferon alfa 2b en la profilaxis de los tumores superficiales de vejiga.

Contribution of our experience in 66 patients included in a prospective randomized study to compare the efficacy of Mitomycin C (MMC) and Alpha 2B Interferon (IFN) in the prevention of relapse of vesical surface tumours. Thirty-five patients were included in the MMC arm, 29 of which completed the treatment. Thirty-one patients were included in the IFN arm, 26 of which are evaluable. MMC was given endovesically at a rate of 30 mg weekly for one month, and then monthly to complete one year. Through the same route, 50 million units of IFN were given weekly for 3 months, and then monthly to complete one year. Within the MMC arm, three patients (10.3%) showed progress, twelve patients (451.3%) relapsed, and seventeen (58.7%) are disease free. With regard to IFN treated patients, one patient (3.8%) showed progress, ten (38.4%) relapsed, and sixteen (61.6%) are disease free. We conclude that there are no significant differences between these two drugs.

[Prophylaxis in prostatic surgery with aztreonam. Our experience]. / Profilaxis en cirugía prostática con Aztreonam. Nuestra experiencia.

Aztreonam is a monobactam antibiotic with a very specific spectrum of action for gram-negative aerobic bacteria. Since these bacteria are responsible for most of the urinary tract infections, we conducted a study to determine its efficacy in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections in prostate surgery, one of the most common procedures performed in our field. Thirty-two patients received 1 gm Aztreonam at the time of anesthetic induction and q 8 h thereafter to a total dose of 3 gm. Cultures were performed before and 72 h after surgery. Twenty-eight patients had no complications and a sterile urine culture or less than 10,000 colonies, 2 developed wound infection from Staph, aureus and 1 had more than 100,000 colonies of Enterococci in urine. The foregoing findings indicate that Aztreonam is useful for prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in prostate surgery.

[Renal oncocytoma. Presentation of a case and review of the literature]. / Oncocitoma renal. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

Renal oncocytoma is an uncommon, generally benign tumor of the renal parenchyma arising from tubular cells with typical gross, microscopic and ultrastructural features. We report another case of renal oncocytoma that had been treated conservatively on the basis of the pre- and intraoperative findings. The present case provides further insight into the biological behaviour of this tumor type. Its origin, pathological features, diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties, and prognosis are discussed.