RESUMO
Oral implantology is a new treatment alternative and is often considered for treating the loss of teeth in patients of all ages. However, care has to be taken when using implants in younger patients, as implants in the growing patient can have considerable disadvantages. In this article indications, contra-indications and risks are discussed and an overview of conventional treatment alternatives is given. Finally, guidelines for the use of implants in children and adolescents are formulated.
Assuntos
Implantação Dentária Endóssea/métodos , Prótese Dentária Fixada por Implante/métodos , Desenvolvimento Maxilofacial/fisiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Implantação Dentária Endóssea/efeitos adversos , Prótese Dentária Fixada por Implante/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , RiscoRESUMO
A flap technique designed for use in dental implantology is described. This technique creates a more homogeneous mucosa around the implants and reduces its thickness to prevent the introduction of deep mucosal pockets around the implants. The technique results in the preservation of a maximum of fixed mucosa and a shallow pocket next to the implant, which aids in optimizing oral hygiene and prognosis. The technique can be performed at the time of implant placement. The flap covers the implants completely and closes the wound primarily. This technique was compared to a conventional flap technique and was clinically found to give significantly better results.
Assuntos
Implantação Dentária Endóssea/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/métodos , Vestibuloplastia/métodos , Feminino , Bolsa Gengival/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucosa Bucal/cirurgiaRESUMO
Two groups totaling 81 patients were selected. One group of edentulous patients had two IMZ implants, a bar, and an overdenture placed. The second group received a fixed restoration supported by one IMZ implant and one natural tooth. A superstructure constant was defined and used to combine the length and height of the Dolder bar or fixed prosthesis. Radiological bone loss was compared to the dimensions of the superstructure. The results showed a clear optimum for the dimensions of the superstructure on implants for the edentulous patient. Two implants connected with an overdenture should be placed 22 to 27 mm (between the centers of the implants) apart for best results. For fixed partial dentures no optimum dimensions could be found.
