[Perioperative anxiety and postoperative pain suppression in intraocular operations using general anesthesia and local anesthesia]. / Perioperatives Angsterleben und postoperatives Schmerzverhalten bei intraokulären Eingriffen in Allgemeinanaesthesie und Lokalanaesthesie.

UNLABELLED: Intraocular surgery is performed under local or general anesthesia. The indications for these procedures are often dependent on local circumstances. On the one hand, the optimal conditions for operations under general anesthesia, on the other, the negligible stress of local anesthesia, especially for the elderly, are emphasized. To clarify this question, perioperative anxiety behavior and postoperative pain were investigated in geriatric patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery. METHODS: Spielberger's state trait anxiety inventory (STAI) was performed in 31 patients operated on in general (age 71.0 +/- 6.6 SEM) and 31 operated on in local anesthesia (age 71.6 +/- 6.0 SEM) the day before and 4 h after operation. 10 patients in each group were also tested immediately before surgery in the operating room. Postoperative pain was estimated by the patient and postoperative sedation by the investigator using a 4-point scale for each over 8 h. RESULTS: The state (STAI 1) and trait (STAI 2) anxiety scores did not change in these geriatric patients. There were no significant differences between the groups. Postoperative pain was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher after 15 and 60 min after general anesthesia. There was no difference in the frequency of analgetic therapy in both groups, but most opioids were given in the first 90 min after general anesthesia. The patients were more frequently sedated (p less than 0.05) in the first 90 min after general anesthesia then after local anesthesia. DISCUSSION: The scores of state and trait anxiety behavior are comparable to a normal geriatric population, even if normal data cannot always be applied to clinical situations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Studies on the excretion of contrast media passing through the biliary system (author's transl)]. / Untersuchungen zur Ausscheidung gallengängiger Kontrastmittel.

Opacification of the bile ducts was found to be optimal 30-60 minutes after drip infusion for 20-60 minutes. The radiographs were taken at times between 15 and 120 minutes after the infusion. Opacification was assessed subjectively by the radiologists and objectively by transmission densitometry. The concentration of the contrast material in the blood shows a multi-compartment system with a rapid component of 30 minutes and a slow component of 2-4 hours. The normal; normalization can be expected after about 3 months.