Preeclampsia in Jordan: incidence, risk factors, and its associated maternal and neonatal outcomes.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the incidence of preeclampsia among Jordanian pregnant women, determine its risk factors and its associated neonatal morbidity and mortality. METHODS: The study is a part of a comprehensive national study of perinatal mortality that was conducted in Jordan. This study included all women who gave birth in the selected hospitals during the study period. Maternal and medical conditions during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were compared between women who developed preeclampsia and who did not. RESULTS: This study included a total of 21,928 women. The overall incidence rate of preeclampsia was 1.3%. Obesity (OR = 2.6) and high blood pressure (OR = 11.9) were significantly associated with increasing odds of preeclampsia. The risk of preeclampsia was 2.3 times higher in first pregnancies than that in second or more pregnancies. The rates of low birth weight (LBW) delivery (32.5% vs. 8.3%), and prematurity (30.8% vs. 7%), and the neonatal mortality rate (81 vs. 12 per 1000 live births) were significantly higher among women with preeclampsia. CONCLUSIONS: The overall incidence rate of preeclampsia was 1.3%. Preeclampsia was significantly associated with maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality as well as increasing vaginal operative delivery, cesarean section, LBW, and birth asphyxia.

Rate of teenage pregnancy in Jordan and its impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Objective Research regarding the adverse outcomes of adolescent childbearing has suffered from many limitations such as a small sample size and non-representative samples. This study was conducted to determine the rate of teenage pregnancy among Jordanian adolescents and its associated adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Methods The study is a part of a comprehensive national study of perinatal mortality that was conducted between 2011 and 2012 in Jordan. All women who gave birth after 20 weeks of gestation in 18 maternity hospitals in Jordan between 2011 and 2012 were invited to participate in the study. Consenting women were interviewed by the trained midwives in these hospitals using a structured questionnaire prepared for the purpose of this study. Additional information was also collected based on the physical examination by the midwife and the obstetrician at admission and at discharge. Data on the newborn were also collected by the pediatric nurses and the neonatologists in these hospitals. Results The overall rate of teenage pregnancy [95% confidence interval (CI) was 6.2% (5.9%, 6.5%)]. Of the studied maternal and neonatal outcomes, women aged <20 years were more likely to deliver prematurely compared to women aged 20-35 years [odds ratio (OR)=1.5, 95% CI: 1.2, 1.9; p < 0.005)]. However, the two groups of women did not differ significantly in low birth weight delivery (OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 0.9, 1.5; p = 0.167) and neonatal mortality (OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 0.8, 1.3; p = 0.491) in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion Teenage pregnancy was associated with increased risk of premature delivery, apart from the effects of socioeconomic factors.