Trends in the incidence of dental caries in 18-year-olds in Lódzkie voivodeship in 1995-2014

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper was to assess the dentition status of 18-year-olds living in Lódzkie voivodeship based on the epidemiological studies conducted in 1995-2014. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study was carried out in 2014. Study group was composed of 302 adolescents aged 18 years old living in Lódzki and Brzezinski districts, including urban and rural areas selected using three stage cluster sampling method. Examinations were conducted pursuant to the WHO recommendations. The prevalence of caries, intensity of caries as well as the components (D,M,F) of caries intensity, treatment index and the SIC index were calculated. Furthermore, the changes in the intensity of caries were assessed, beginning from 1995. Statistical analysis was carried out. RESULTS: Dental caries was reported in 91.7% of adolescents. The intensity of caries, the SIC index and treatment index were estimated to be 5.5, 8.9 and 0.8, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Having analysed the data as of 1995-2014, it may be stated that there is a systematic improvement of the dentition status in 18-year-olds living in Lódzkie voivodeship.

Dentition status in 12-year-old children in Lódzkie province in 2014.

BACKGROUND: In the year 2014 an epidemiological study was carried out again in the region of Lódz amongst 12-year old children as a part of general study in Poland. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of carries, caries severity measured by the DMF index among 12-year old children in the region of Lódz. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 328 children aged 12 were randomly selected and examined, of which 176 girls and 152 boys respectively. The methodology was based on clinical examination according to WHO standards. The prevalence of carries, DMF index , treatment index was calculated in lodzkie voivodeship. RESULTS: The studies indicated that the prevalence of caries was 67.8 % for 12-year old children and decreased 1.4% in comparison with last studies in the region of Lódz. DMF index also decreased and the value was 1.63. The score obtained caused that the goal proposed by the WHO for 2015 for 12-year-old children was achieved in lodzkie voivodeship. SiC index in the study group was estimated at 4.03. Compare to the previous study in the SiC index value has been reduced in Lódzkie voivodeship. The result makes our study group very close to the next goal proposed by the WHO for 12-year-old children where SiC index should be less than 4. CONCLUSIONS: Intensity and prevalence of caries for 12 year old children in Lódz and surrounds suggests that it is on the decrease, and dental state in the study group is satisfactory.

Parent's pro-health awareness concerning oral health of their children in the light of survey research.

BACKGROUND: Oral hygiene is a crucial part of caring for young children. This problem is frequently marginalized or even ignored by parents/guardians, what affects child's whole further life. OBJECTIVES: The assessment of parents' knowledge concerning oral hygiene and prevention of dental caries in infants and young children. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The test group consisted of parents, as well as men and women currently expecting a child. The study was conducted in a form of a survey, using an original questionnaire, which was carried out in several hospitals in Lodz and online, on a popular local forum for parents. The data obtained were analyzed statistically, allowing the assessment of health awareness of respondents and the creation of various profiles of parental knowledge on the subject investigated. RESULTS: Most of respondents knew the age at which milk and permanent teeth erupt, gave the correct frequency of brushing child's teeth and were in favor of limiting sweets in the diet. A total of 59% correctly gave the number of deciduous teeth and 66% had heard of the "bottle tooth decay". All respondents thought that helping and controlling a child while brushing their teeth is indispensable, but they did not know the best time to start using the toothpaste with fluoride. The information about child's oral hygiene was more often looked for by women (67%) than by men (29%). The study also showed that if a training on the given subject was organized, 60% of respondents would be willing to participate in it. CONCLUSION: In the test group, pro-health awareness is insufficient to maintain the oral health of the offspring and requires constant developing.

[Influence of smoking intoxicants on dental status. Literature search and own experience]. / Wplyw palenia srodków odurzajacych na stan uzebienia - przeglad literatury i doswiadczenia wlasne.

Amphetamines are phenylpropane derivatives belonging to the group of psychostimulating substances. Within the space of years, on account of their stimulating properties, they were used as treatment substances, e.g. in Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD ), in obesity as slimming substances, in preventing of paroxysmal drowsiness, as dilating bronchi substances, used as some dope in sports and willingly abused among drug addicts because of long lasting exciting euphoria after use. Methamphetamine, an amphetamine derivative, has even stronger and longer lasting effect. The study presents characteristics of a popular, among teenagers, addictive substance - amphetamine and its derivative- methamphetamine and its influence on teeth after using it in a smoking form. The condition of oral cavity of a 17-year-old patient, who has been using methamphetamine in a smoking form for about 3 years, was described. In the oral cavity of the patient numerous and extensive caries lesions were noticed, placed mainly in the labial cervical area of teeth as well as, a considerable damage of teeth's crowns and teeth loss. The patient needed complex dental treatment: conservative, endodontic, surgical and prosthetic. The use of intoxicating substances, derivatives of amphetamine in form of regular smoking caused a considerable damage of tooth tissues, leading to their loss.

Dental status of junior high school students in Lódzkie voivodeship.

OBJECTIVE: Dental caries still constitutes a serious health problem in Lódzkie voivodeship. The aim of the article was to evaluate the dental status of 15-year-old adolescents living in Lódzkie voivodeship based on epidemiological studies conducted in 2011. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group was comprised of 177 students at the age of 15 years living in Lódzkie voivodeship, selected on the basis of stratified cluster sampling method. The study was conducted pursuant to WHO recommendations. The dental caries prevalence and intensity among students were calculated as well as the components values (DMFT), dental caries severity, treatment index and SiC index. The study results were analyzed using the statistical methods. RESULTS: From the study results transpires that dental caries was observed in 93.8% of students. The dental caries severity amounted to 6.18. Having compared urban and rural areas, the statistically higher number of teeth subject to treatment was observed in the latter. The SiC and treatment index were 8.20 and 0.54, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of gathered data, the deterioration of dental status in adolescents aged 15 years from Lódzkie voivodeship was observed. Furthermore, it is strictly related to the place of residence.

[Oral health problems of 35-44-year-old inhabitants of the Lodz region]. / Problemy zdrowotne jamy ustnej 35-44-letnich mieszkanców województwa Lódzkiego.

UNLABELLED: The aim of the thesis was the assessment of the teeth condition and the treatment needs of 35-44-year-old adults in the region of Lodz on the base of epidemiological research carried out in 2010. The research involved a group of 163 adults from Piotrków Trybunalski and villages of lowicki region, 82 from the city and 81 from the villages, chosen on the base on the three-ply draw. The clinical research was carried out according with the WHO criteria. The teeth condition was assessed with the indexes: the prevalence of dental caries and its incidence, the treatment index, the SIC index. The results were compared and the changes of the dental caries incidence which have appeared since 1977 were described. The results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental caries of examined group of adults was 100%. The incidence of dental caries was higher in the city than in the villages and among the men than the women. There were statistically less teeth with the active dental caries and the extracted ones and more filled teeth were observed in the city than in the villages. The treatment index (significantly higher in the city than in the villages) among the observed group was 0,79. There were much more partial and complete dentures in the villages than in the city. The changes in the temporomandibular joint, as well as the prosthetic needs, appeared more among the men than the women. CONCLUSION: On the base of the received results the improvement of the teeth condition of adults in the Lodz voivodship was observed.

[Trend of dental caries in 18-year-old adolescents in the region of Lodz over the period from 1995 to 2008]. / Tendencje w zachorowalnosci na próchnice zebów u mlodziezy 18-letniej z województwa Lodzkiego w latach 1995-2008.

UNLABELLED: The aim of the thesis was the assessment of the teeth condition of 18-year-old adolescents in the region of Lodz on the base of epidemiological research carried out over the period from 1995 to 2008. The research involved a group of 120 adolescents aged 18 from Lodz, Lowicz and Zduny village, chosen on the base on the three-ply draw. The clinical research was carried out according with the WHO criteria. The frequency of dental caries and its intensity among adolescents were calculated, there were also calculations of the components values (D,M,F)of the dental caries incidence, the treatment index, the SIC index and the changes of the dental caries incidence which have appeared since 1995. The results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The clinic research proved the dental caries appeared among 96.7% of adolescents. The dental caries incidence was 7.27. There was a statistically higher number of teeth which needed the treatment in the smaller town and the village in comparison with the city. The SIC index was 11.28. The treatment index was 0.7-0.8 and was similar in the 3 examined areas. CONCLUSION: On the base of results collected over the period from 1995 to 2008, the systematic improvement of the teeth condition of 18-year-old adolescents in the region of Lodz has been observed.

[Oral health problems in type 1 diabetic children]. / Problemy zdrowotne jamy ustnej dzieci z cukrzyca typu 1.

The number of children with diabetes mellitus is continually increasing and they are known to have some buccal disorders. It is important for the dentist to know the different signs and symptoms that diabetes can present in the oral cavity. Some epidemiological studies investigating the number of caries, absences and obturations found no differences in their frequency between patients with diabetes and the control group; however periodontal diseases are more frequent in diabetics. On the basis of literature, the influence of insulin-dependent diabetes on the oral health status was determined. The aim of this study was also to determine whether dental caries and periodontal disease were modified by the presence and duration of diabetes. The evaluation of oral problems in diabetics was done in relation to metabolic control and caries-associated risk factors.