Inflammatory pseudotumor of the right atrium.

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung was first described by Brunn in 1939. Since that description, various extrapulmonary sites of inflammatory pseudotumor have been described. Review of the literature reveals five cases of inflammatory pseudotumor involving the heart, but no cases have been reported in the radiology literature. The present case involves a 7-month-old girl with inflammatory pseudotumor involving the right atrium, which was completely excised at surgery. Though rare, inflammatory pseudotumor should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cardiac tumors in children.

Mucormycosis resulting in a pseudoaneurysm in the spleen.

Mucormycosis is an uncommon and frequently fatal fungal infection. It characteristically affects patients with diabetes mellitus or patients with severe immunosuppression. The hallmark of mucormycosis infection is tissue infarction and vascular invasion. We present clinical data and imaging studies of a 16 year-old child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia complicated by disseminated mucormycosis resulting in a pseudoaneurysm of the spleen. This was successfully managed by a combination of systemic antifungal therapy (Amphotericin B) and surgery (splenectomy). This entity has not been described in the literature.

Adult diseases in children.

The classic teaching in performance and interpretation of diagnostic studies is that "children are not small adults." The purpose of this article is to show a spectrum of "adult" disease entities that can occur, but are not usually considered in the pediatric population: cricopharyngeal achalasia, Schatzki's ring, achalasia, Helicobacter pylori, pancreatic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the colon, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, malignant melanoma, hydatidiform mole, renal cell carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma of the ovary and sarcoidosis. Radiologists interpreting pediatric imaging should recognize these entities and perform an appropriate diagnostic workup.

Retained foreign body: associations with elevated lead levels, pica, and duodenal anomaly.

A 14-month-old girl presented with elevated lead levels and a metallic foreign body was detected on abdominal radiograph. Subsequent evaluation, performed after the child failed to pass the foreign body with cathartics, revealed a bezoar proximal to a partial duodenal obstruction. The metallic foreign body was later removed and found to contain lead, however, the patient has subsequently had recurrent elevations of lead levels with episodes of pica. This case reiterates the need to evaluate children with retained foreign bodies for lead poisoning due to associated pica. In addition, retained foreign bodies should point to possible congenital anomaly of the duodenum causing partial obstruction.