Association between p53 protein phosphorylated at serine 20 expression and ovarian carcinoma stem cells phenotype: correlation with clinicopathological parameters of ovarian cancer.

Biological behavior of ovarian carcinomas might be the result of cellular diversity existing in tumor tissue, which consists of differentiated and undifferentiated cells showing stem cells biological properties and function. We examined correlation between p53 protein phosphorylated at serine 20 (p-p53(Ser20)) and CD133, SOX2, Notch1 expression, in order to reveal p-p53(Ser20) stemness function in ovarian cancer. p-p53(Ser20), CD133, Notch1, SOX2 expression was analyzed on 104 ovarian carcinomas using immunohistochemical staining. The positive correlation between p53 and p-p53(Ser20) (p=0.02), p53 and SOX2 (p=0.02), p-p53(Ser20) and Notch1 (p=0.03), p-p53(Ser20) and CD133 (p=0.01) expression was observed in ovarian carcinomas. The parallel expression of p-p53(Ser20)/CD133, p-p53(Ser20)/Notch1 reflecting co-expression of these proteins in single carcinoma cell, and p-p53(Ser20)/SOX2 expression was associated with advanced stage and p-p53(Ser20)/Notch1, p53/SOX2, p-p53(Ser20)/SOX2 parallel expression correlated with high tumor grade. The correlation between p-p53(Ser20) and CD133, Notch1, SOX2 expression and clinical parameters indicate, that malignancy and biological behavior of ovarian carcinomas depend on interaction between p-p53(Ser20) and carcinoma stem cells biomarkers expression.

Diet in pregnancy-more than food.

High food quality, together with adequate macro- and micronutrient intake in pregnancy, is crucial for the health status of the mother and child. Recent findings suggest that it could also be beneficial or harmful in the context of the well-being of the whole future population. According to the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis, most conditions that occur in adulthood originate in foetal life. Moreover, some epigenetic events, modified inter alia by diet, impact more than one generation. Still, the recommendations in most countries are neither popularised nor very detailed. While it seems to be important to direct diet trends towards a healthier lifestyle, the methods of preventing specific disorders like diabetes or asthma are not yet established and require further investigation. CONCLUSION: In this review, we will summarise the recommendations for diet composition in pregnancy, focusing on both diet quality and quantity. What is Known • High food quality, together with adequate macro- and micronutrient intake in pregnancy, is crucial for the health status of the mother and child. What is New • Recent findings suggest that the diet could be beneficial or harmful in the context of the well-being of the whole future population. Most conditions that occur in adulthood originate in foetal life. • Moreover, some epigenetic events, modified by diet impact more than one generation.

Umbilical cord blood gas content, postnatal state of neonates, and lactation after caesarean and natural childbirth.

In recent years the number of Caesarean sections (C-section) has been rapidly increasing. One of the reasons behind this is the fact that the scope of indications for these operations is still widening. The purpose of this article was to present a comparative analysis of the umbilical cord blood gas content, the state of infants, assessed by the Apgar score, and the course of lactation after elective C-sections or natural childbirth. We found that PO2 in the cord blood after natural delivery was appreciably higher than that after C-section. The neonates delivered in a natural way also had an appreciably better Apgar score compared with those after C-section. Compared to mothers who delivered their babies in a natural way, it takes a longer time for C-sectioned women to commence breastfeeding. We conclude that a lower PO2 level in the umbilical cord blood in women subjected to C-section may stem from breathing disorders in neonates at the time of delivery. The way of ending pregnancy has an apparent influence on adaptive abilities of infants to live outside mother's womb.

Respiratory function in pregnant women.

Respiratory disorders during pregnancy are connected with its physiology. About half of pregnant women suffer from dyspnea on exertion and some 20 % also from dyspnea at rest. Symptoms may intensify in obese patients. Smoking and respiratory disorders influence the well-being of the fetus. This study evaluates respiratory function in pregnant women as assessed by spirometry. The tests were carried out in 54 pregnant women in the 2nd and 3rd trimester. We found reduced values of vital capacity and expiratory reserve volume in all women, which suggests the existence a restrictive respiratory disorder in physiological pregnancy. Smoking seems to cause obstructive disorders; in smoking patients there was a reduction of the Tiffenau ratio. Participation in birth classes had a positive influence on inspiratory capacity. High BMI before pregnancy, excessive weight gain during pregnancy, or age of becoming pregnant did not appreciably influence spirometry results.

The secretion of prostaglandin E2 and interleukin 1-beta in women with periodontal diseases and preterm low-birth-weight.

Prematurity is of one of the main causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Clinical observations show, that periodontitis in pregnant women can be a direct risk factor for preterm labor, with a greater influence rate compared to other risk factors. The aim of the study was to asses the relationship between periodontal diseases and PLBW in the population of women from the Lower Silesian Region (Poland), and the evaluation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) levels in gingival cervicular (GCF) and blood serum in women with PLBW and women giving birth on time as well as secretion of these proinflammatory mediators in whole blood after bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The study group consisted of 84 women with PLBW (39.2% primiparous), aged 17-41 (mean 27.57). The controls were 44 women (47.7% primiparous) aged 16-38 (mean 26.36) who gave birth on time to a normal birthweight baby. PGE2 and IL-1 beta concentrations in serum and GCF were determined by means of immunoenzymatic method (EIA). In the studied population women over 28 years and exposed to medical risk factors had more frequent PLBW occurrence probability. In primiparous over 28 there is 4 times greater probability of preterm labor, and in case of the severe and generalized periodontitis presence there is 3.9 times higher possibility of PLBW compared to women with healthy periodontium. In all women with PLBW there is a significantly higher PGE2 and IL-1 beta concentration in GCF, and in primiparous also PGE2 level in blood serum, compared to controls.

Studies on gynaecological hydrophilic lactic acid preparations, part 6: use of Eudragit E-100 as lactic acid carrier in intravaginal tablets.

Hydrophilic intravaginal tablets based on methylcellulose and containing lactic acid component with Eudragit E-100 undergo swelling in standard conditions. A high flow-limit of the gel that originates from the tablets as well as its dynamic viscosity should allow for the durable dosage form in the vagina. By choosing a 1:1 ratio of lactic acid to Eudragit E-100, it is possible to obtain tablets disintegrating into a gelform at physiological range of 3.8-4.4. An increase in the amount of lactic acid in the complex in relation to the polymer up to 2:1 and 3:1 ratios results in gels with a lower pH. These gels possess an acid reserve that might be ableto neutralise the excess of alkali present in severe vaginal infections.

Studies on gynaecological hydrophilic lactic acid preparations. Part 5: The use of Eudragit E-100 as lactic acid carrier in intravaginal tablets.

Intravaginal tablets based on hydrophilic methylcellulose and containing lactic acid complexed with Eudragit E-100 undergo deformation under standard conditions. The high flow--limit of gel originating from the tablets as well as its dynamic viscosity should enable durability of this dosage form on the vaginal mucosa. By selecting either 1 : 1 or 2 : 1 ratios of lactic acid to Eudragit E-100 it is possible to obtain tablets that disintegrate into a gelform at pH 3.8-4.4, i.e. the pH remains within the physiological range. Increasing the amount of lactic acid in the complex in relation to the polymer to a 4:1 ratio results in gels with a lower pH while possessing an acid reserve that can neutralize the excess of alkali present in severe vaginal infections.

[Application of 2% clindamycin cream in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis and valuation of methylcellulose gel containing the complex of Chitosan F and PVP k-90 with lactic acid as carrier for intravaginally adhbited medicines in the cases of pregnancies with the symptoms of preterm delivery]. / Zastosowanie 2% kremu z klindamycyna w leczeniu bakteryjnej waginozy oraz ocena zelu z metylocelulozy, zawierajacego kompleks Chitiozanu F i PVP K-90 z kwasem mlekowym, jako nosnika dla leków stosowanych dopochwowo w przypadkach ciezarnych z objawami porodu przedwczesnego zagrazajacego.

OBJECTIVES: There are many reports informing about the connection between BV and the increased risk of preterm delivery. The reason of self-concession and reversion of BV after having executed an efficient treatment has not yet been properly explained. DESIGN: The aim of this work was the clinical valuation of the 2% Clindamycin cream in the treatment of BV and of the methylcellulose gel containing the complex of Chitosan F and PVP K-90 with lactic acid as a carrier for intravaginally adhbited medicines in the cases of pregnancies with the symptoms of a preterm delivery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research comprised 145 pregnant between 24-34 week of pregnancy, hospitalised because of the symptoms of a preterm menace delivery. In the case of the detection of BV, a 10-day therapy using intravaginal cream containing 2% Clindamycin was executed. In the cases not qualified as BV, the methylcellulose gel containing the complex of Chitosan F and PVP K-90 with lactic acid has been intravaginally adhibited for 10 days. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Application of 2% Clindamycin cream is an efficient method of the treatment of bacterial vaginosis. 2. Methylcellulose gel containing lactic acid combined with the complex of Chitosan F and PVP K-90 allows a persistent maintenance of the correct pH of vagina. 3. Methylcellulose gel, because of its physico-chemical properties similar to physiological mucus, is a universal carrier for intravaginally adhibited medicines.

[Concentration of the cellular fibronectin in amniotic fluid and plasma in the peripartum period]. / Stezenie fibronektyny komórkowej w plynie owodniowym i osoczu w okresie okoloporodowym.

OBJECTIVES: Numerous publications recommending the determination of fibronectin (FN) and fetal fibronectin (fFN) during pregnancy and delivery have appeared. The aim of this study was to analyse the level of cellular fibronectin concentration in amniotic fluid and blood plasma of patients between 38 to 42 pregnancy weeks. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research comprised 79 women in 38-42 weeks of pregnancy. The FN concentration was determined in amniotic fluid and plasma by the solid phase immunoenzymatic method (ELISA) with the use of mice monoclonal antibody (TaKaRa FN 30-8). RESULTS: The FN concentration in amniotic fluid ranged from 0.001 to 0.18 mg/ml whereas in plasma from 0.15 to 3.0 mg/ml. In the cases of determination of FN in amniotic fluid the most of the samples (64 of 83; 77%) were enclosed between 0.025 and 0.08 mg/ml. In plasma 70% of the results (57 of 81) ranged from 0.25 to 0.8 mg/ml. CONCLUSIONS: In 38-40 weeks of pregnancy cellular FN concentration increases whereas in 41-42 weeks it decreases gradually. No differences were observed in the fibronectin concentration level in the blood plasma and amniotic fluid of pregnant women as compared to parturients.

[The importance of fibronectin in amniotic fluid in anticipation of premature labor]. / Znaczenie fibronektyny w plynie owodniowym w przewidywaniu porodu przedwczesnego.

We analysed 86 pregnant women where we estimated the fibronectin level in specimens of amniotic fluid. During carrying out the experiment we noted that fibronectin is present in amniotic fluid and can be identified in a quantity mode. We have proved dependence between fibronectin level in amniotic fluid and the period of time from collecting the sample, up to the delivery. Fibronectin level in amniotic fluid doesn't depend on pregnancy duration, preterm rupture of amniotic membranes.

[Semen analysis results and air pollution in the group of men from infertile couples in the Lower Silesia in 1977-2000]. / Analiza wplywu zanieczyszczen powietrza na obraz nasienia mezczyzn z nieplodnych par w Regionie Dolnoslaskim w latach 1977-2000.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relation among the concentration of selected air pollution and seminal parameters, examined from 1977 to 2000. DESIGN: Semen analysis and air pollution results were retrospectively evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have analysed semiograms from 1363 men from infertile couples inhabiting Lower Silesia. Seminal volume, sperm concentration, percentage of pathologic sperms were measured in all men. Estimation of mean seminal volume, total sperm number, sperm motility, and percentage of pathologic sperms per year was performed. Average values for NO2, CO, SO2 and dust concentrations during the study were taken from official sources. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We showed the statistically significant increase in the percentage of pathological sperms (R2 = 0.9, p < 0.05), the slight increase in the semen volume(R2 = 0.4, p < 0.05). The total sperm count in the semen samples revealed a slight increase (R2 = 0.25, p < 0.05). The sperm concentrations and the percentage of motile sperms remained relatively stable and relatively constant. Statistically important decrease in NO2 (R2 = 0.85, p < 0.05), SO2 (R2 = 0.96, p < 0.05) and dust concentration (R2 = 0.89, p < 0.05) and no change in CO concentration was revealed. There is no correlation among concentrations of dust, NO2, SO2, CO and the increase in percentage of pathologic sperms.

[Analysis of newborns' health status in twin pregnancies according to the duration of pregnancy and its delivery based on the materials of Reproduction and Obstetrics Clinic in 1995-1999]. / Analiza stanu noworodków w ciazach blizniaczych w zaleznosci od czasu trwania ciazy i sposobu jej rozwiazania w materiale Kliniki Rozrodczosci i Poloznictwa we Wroclawiu w latach 1995-1999.

On the ground of the analysis of 79 twin pregnancies, the valuation of newborns' condition in Apgar's scale, according to the delivery means, has been executed. The lack of differences between the mean values of the scale has been ascertained. There was no indication of any difference between the condition of the twin I and II. Furthermore, there has been executed a detailed comparative analysis of the newborns' condition in the four periods of the pregnancy duration: 23-27, 28-32, 33-37 and 38-42 weeks of gestation. It has been ascertained that the newborns delivered through the abdominal delivery were in better condition than those born in the spontaneous delivery, in the 28-32 weeks of gestation period. The use of rather intraspinal rather than general anesthesia in the 33-37 weeks period gave better results by improving the newborns' condition. Moreover, there has been stated a similar condition of the newborns delivered through either spontaneous or abdominal delivery with intraspinal anesthesia in the periods of 33-37 and 38-42 weeks of gestation.

[The influence of computer supervision of deliveries on the medical procedures during labor and neonatal post-delivery status]. / Wplyw komputerowego nadzoru porodu na sposób postepowania medycznego w czasie porodu oraz stan pourodzeniowy noworodków.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was estimation of the influence of computer supervision of delivery on the way of medical management during partus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Authors analyzed 10,983 labours which took place in years 1990-1999 in University Clinic of Reproduction and Obstetrics of Medical Academy in Wroclaw. Cases of labours without computer monitoring was the first analyzed group, and the cases of computer monitoring deliveries was the second group. In both groups, the count of cesarean sections performed because of first symptoms of fetal asphyxia, and Apgar score gained by newborns, were taken into consideration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of cesarean sections and neonatal Apgar score gained by newborns were compared in two characterized group in order to evaluation the influence of computer monitoring deliveries on the neonatal status. No impact of computer supervision on the way of delivery procedures, quality of work and neonatals state was observed.

[Analysis of twin pregnancies on the ground of women hospitalized in the Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics Medical University in Wroclaw in 1995-1999]. / Analiza ciaz blizniaczych w oparciu o material Kliniki Rozrodczosci i Poloznictwa AM we Wroclawiu w latach 1995-1999.

The aim of this study was the general valuation of the course and the delivery means of the twin pregnancies. The research material composed of 83 from among 5540 pregnant women hospitalized in the Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics Medical University of Wroclaw in the years 1995-1999. The mean body mass values and the condition of the newborns have been analyzed on the ground of Apgar's scale, according to the date of delivery. In the period between 23 and 42 week of pregnancy a very high correlation between fetus' body mass and a high correlation between Apgar's scale and the pregnancy's duration has been ascertained. These values have also been estimated in particular periods: 23-27, 28-32, 33-37 and 38-42 weeks of gestation. Statistical analysis didn't indicate any difference between the mean values of Apgar's scale of the newborns from the periods of 33-37 and 38-42 weeks of gestation. There was no evidence of differences either in Apgar's scale values or in the twins' I and II body masses, as well in the whole examined group as in particular periods.

[Meaning of opening form of internal cervical opening in prognosis of cervical insufficiency]. / Znaczenie ksztaltu rozwarcia ujscia wewnetrznego kanalu szyjki macicy w rokowaniu w niewydolnosci ciesniowo-szyjkowej.

The introduction of the ultrasonographical examinations into the obstetrical diagnostics has created further possibilities in the process of recognition of the isthmico-cervical insufficiency. The qualification of the opening forms of the internal cervical os, described as Y, V and U forms, is possible with the utilization of transperineal and, especially, transvaginal sonography. The aim of this study was the valuation of the ultrasonographical examinations' usefulness in the diagnostics of the isthmico-cervical insufficiency and the estimation of the opening form of the internal cervical os as a prognostic factor in the pregnancy course. 265 cases of pregnant women hospitalized in Department of Fertility and Obstetrics Medical University of Wroclaw have been analyzed. On the ground of the executed examinations it has been ascertained that the ultrasonographical examination, considering the valuation of the opening form of the internal cervical os, is essential in the diagnostics of the isthmico-cervical insufficiency. Furthermore, it has been proved that in the aspect of the obtainment of the full-term pregnancy, the worst-prognosing form of the internal cervical os is the U form and the statement of a U or V formed opening confirms the necessity of the circular suture of the cervix.

[Fibronectin level in amniotic fluid as an index of unavoidable labor]. / Stezenie fibronektyny w plynie owodniowym jako wykladnik nieuchronnego porodu.

During uterus contractions detaching of amino-chorionic layer from uterus wall occurs and released fibronectin penetrates into amniotic fluid. The aim of this study was to estimate in a quantity mode the presence of fibronectin in amniotic fluid and to find the dependence between the fibronectin level in amniotic fluid and the period of time from collecting the sample to the labor. We wanted also to find the dependence between fibronectin level in amniotic fluid and duration of pregnancy, preterm rupture of amniotic membranes, patients' age, parity and number of deliveries. We analysed 86 pregnant women where we estimated the fibronectin level in specimens of amniotic fluid. During carrying out the experiment we noted that fibronectin is present in amniotic fluid and can be identified in a quantity mode. We have proved dependence between fibronectin level in amniotic fluid and the period of time from collecting the sample, up to the delivery. Fibronectin level in amniotic fluid in pregnancies uncomplicated with premature delivery was on the average 350 mg/ml. Increase of fibronectin in amniotic fluid above 700 mg/ml points at detaching of amino-chorionic layer and the occurrence of unavoidable preterm labor at the time no longer than 24 hours. Fibronectin level in amniotic fluid doesn't depend of pregnancy duration, preterm rupture of amniotic membranes.

[HELLP syndrome: problems in diagnosis and treatment illustrated on the basis of the fully symptomatic case]. / Zespól HELLP, problem diagnostyczno-leczniczy omówiony w oparciu o przypadek wlasny.

HELLP syndrome is a serious complication of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension (PIH) which is very dangerous for the mother and her foetus. The prognosis depends on early diagnosis and correct treatment. The etiopathogenesis of the syndrome is still investigated but remains unclear. Taking as an example the precisely monitored, fully symptomatic case of the HELLP syndrome, we present review of modern opinions on pathogenesis, recognition and treatment.