Boron and nitrogen co-doped ordered microporous carbons with high surface areas.

Boron and nitrogen co-doped ordered microporous carbons with high surface areas are obtained by using NaY zeolite as a hard template and an ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate (EMIT), as a BN source. An acetylene-gas supply during a pyrolysis is effective to avoid the unfavourable reaction of zeolite and EMIT.

Synthesis of ordered carbonaceous frameworks from organic crystals.

Despite recent advances in the carbonization of organic crystalline solids like metal-organic frameworks or supramolecular frameworks, it has been challenging to convert crystalline organic solids into ordered carbonaceous frameworks. Herein, we report a route to attaining such ordered frameworks via the carbonization of an organic crystal of a Ni-containing cyclic porphyrin dimer (Ni2-CPDPy). This dimer comprises two Ni-porphyrins linked by two butadiyne (diacetylene) moieties through phenyl groups. The Ni2-CPDPy crystal is thermally converted into a crystalline covalent-organic framework at 581 K and is further converted into ordered carbonaceous frameworks equipped with electrical conductivity by subsequent carbonization at 873-1073 K. In addition, the porphyrin's Ni-N4 unit is also well retained and embedded in the final framework. The resulting ordered carbonaceous frameworks exhibit an intermediate structure, between organic-based frameworks and carbon materials, with advantageous electrocatalysis. This principle enables the chemical molecular-level structural design of three-dimensional carbonaceous frameworks.Carbon-based materials are promising alternatives to noble metal catalysts, but their structures are typically disordered and difficult to control. Here, the authors obtain ordered carbonaceous frameworks with advantageous electrocatalytic properties via the carbonization of nickel-containing porphyrin dimer networks.

[Analysis of blood cultures in patients presenting with community-acquired pneumonia at the emergency room].

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and laboratory features of 111 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) who required hospitalization. Blood culture was positive in 22, and negative in 89 subjects. We compared positive and negative groups in terms of background, physical exam findings, laboratory data, radiographic data, severity, and clinical outcome. Univariate analysis showed significant differences in heart rate, changes in consciousness, (PaO2/FiO2), C-reactive protein (CRP), and infiltration on chest x-ray films. The clinical outcome was poorer in the positive group. Multivariate analysis identified CRP and infiltration as predictors of bacteremia. According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, CRP had moderate accuracy (AUC = 0.83 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60-0.88]), and diagnostic accuracy was optimal when the CRP cut-off point was 16.3 mg/dl. Fifty-seven patients, who showed mild to moderate severity according to A-DROP system and had CRP levels less than 16.3 mg/dl, were less likely to have positive blood cultures. In addition, initial administration of antibiotics was effective in each of the 57 bacteremic patients. Therefore, blood culture need not be performed in such cases.

[Simultaneous determination of propanil, carbaryl and 3,4-dichloroaniline in human serum by HPLC with UV detector following solid phase extraction].

In case of poisoning by herbicide compounded with Propanil (DCPA) and Carbaryl (NAC), we attempted simultaneous solid-phase extractions of DCPA, NAC, and 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA), a metabolite of DCPA, from the patient's serum, and quantitative analytical method using HPLC-UV detection. With this HPLC method, the quantitative detection limits in the serum are 0.005 microgram/ml for DCPA and DCA and 0.001 microgram/ml for NAC, and the UV spectra of all three compounds could easily be obtained using a diode-array detection limit of 0.05 microgram/ml. When the three compounds were added to serum at concentrations ranging from 0.1-10.0 micrograms/ml, the recovery rates were satisfactory at between 91.1% and 101.9%. On analysis of the serum of patient who had ingested Kusanon A Emulsion, the ingested substance apparently caused an increase in the DCA concentration, which led to the appearance of methemoglobinemia. The possibility that the DCA concentration might be used for prognostic purposes was suggested.