Evaluation of the Vietnamese A6 Mortality Reporting System: All-Cause Mortality.

There has been no systematic evaluation of Viet Nam's A6 mortality reporting system. An evaluation was undertaken in 3 provinces in Viet Nam. Deaths identified in the A6 system were compared with deaths identified by an independent consensus panel to determine the percentage completeness of the A6 system. Verbal autopsies (VAs) were conducted for all identified deaths from the consensus panels, and the sensitivity and positive predictive value of the A6 system was assessed. The sensitivity of the A6 system varied depending on the cause of death, with the sensitivity of the system being excellent for injury (sensitivity = 75.4%), cancer (sensitivity = 66.9%), and circulatory diseases (sensitivity = 63.1%). The A6 mortality reporting system performs well in relation to its completeness and classification of 3 leading causes of death­namely, circulatory disease, cancer, and injury. With further enhancements and ongoing support from government and donor agencies, the A6 system will be a valuable resource.

Chalcone-derived Diels-Alder adducts as NF-κB inhibitors from Morus alba.

A bioassay-guided phytochemical fractionation of the methanol extract of the Morus alba root barks led to the isolation of two chalcone-derived Diels-Alder adducts (1 and 2). Their structures were elucidated as kuwanon J 2,4,10″-trimethyl ether (1) and kuwanon R (2) by means of spectroscopic methods. Both compounds strongly inhibited nuclear transcription factor.κB activity with the IC50 values of 4.65 and 7.38 µM, respectively.

Toxicity and anticancer effects of an extract from Selaginella tamariscina on a mice model.

The toxicity and antitumour effect of the ethanol extract of Selaginella tamariscina (STE), a plant widely used in folk medicine, were examined in a mice model. In the single-dose acute toxicity test, an oral administration of 10,000 mg kg(-1) STE did not cause any lethality. The sub-acute toxicity study showed that the treatment by 250, 1000 and 3000 mg kg(-1 )day(-1) for 30 continuous days did neither alter the body weights nor the haematological parameters in BALB/c mice. The anticancer effect of STE was evaluated in BALB/c mice inoculated with Lewis lung carcinoma cells. Oral administration of STE could not prevent the tumour formation but provided strong inhibition of tumour growth.

Chemical components from the Vietnamese soft coral Lobophytum sp.

Chromatographic separation resulted in the identification of one new squalene derivative, named lobophytene (1), three cembranoid diterpenes (2-4), and two sterols (5 and 6) from the Vietnamese marine soft coral Lobophytum sp. Their structures were identified on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data and comparison of those with reported data. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant cytotoxic activities against lung (A549) and colon (HT-29) cell lines with IC(50) values of 8.2 and 5.6 microM for 1; 5.1 and 1.8 microM for 2, respectively.

Aporphine alkaloids, clerodane diterpenes, and other constituents from Tinospora cordifolia.

Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of Tinospora cordifolia aerial parts led to the isolation of four new and seven known compounds. The structures of two new aporphine alkaloids, N-formylasimilobine 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (tinoscorside A, 1) and N-acetylasimilobine 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (tinoscorside B, 2), a new clerodane diterpene, tinoscorside C (3), and a new phenylpropanoid, sinapyl 4-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (tinoscorside D, 6) were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods including FTICR-MS and 1D and 2D NMR.

C29 sterols with a cyclopropane ring at C-25 and 26 from the Vietnamese marine sponge Ianthella sp. and their anticancer properties.

Two new C(29) sterols with a cyclopropane ring at C-25 and C-26, petrosterol-3,6-dione (1) and 5alpha,6alpha-epoxy-petrosterol (2), along with petrosterol (3), were isolated from the Vietnamese marine sponge Ianthella sp. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 1-3 showed cytotoxic activities on A549, HL-60, MCF-7, SK-OV-3, and U937 cancer cell lines with IC(50) in the range of 8.4-22.6 microM, whereas compounds 1-3 exhibited only weak cytotoxic activities on HT-29 cell. After HL-60 cells were treated with the compounds, several apoptosis events like chromatin condensation and the increase of the population of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells were observed. These data supported that the compounds might have potential for leukemia treatment.

Contribution to the study on anti-oxydative properties of Adenosma capitatum Benth in Vietnam

The study on antioxydative activities of the polarizied of BoBo on order to expoit its pharmaco-biological effect efficiently. Results showed that antioxydative activity at cell membrane lipid invitro and invivo of 14 extracted products of Bo Bo leaf Bts, Bn, B1-B12 was evaluated Dn invitro, experiment dose of 0,1 mg/ml of Bts, B1,B2, B3, B4,B5 manifested significant antioxydant activities, among then Bts and B5 have the highest activity, their preparations have the highest inhibition quality

Investigation on anti-neoplasm efficacy of flavonoid components extracted from leaves of (Houttuynia cordata Thnb) in Vietnam

Flavonoid is one of interested compounds in treatment for cancers. The authors extracts flavonoid from the leaves Houttuynia cordata and tested on S-180 cancer cells that they cultured vitro in mice. This product has effects by inhibited the growth of ascite cancer. However, the studies on large mice models are needed to survey their survival, mortality as well as clinical course, biochemical, pathology, and side effects. Flavonoid has cytotoxic activity on S-180, and maintain excessive cytotoxic on that cells