RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the nutritional status (NS) of patients at three months of suffering a stroke, and to establish the relationship between functional recovery and complications in this period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study evaluating the NS of patients older than 65 years at three months of having a stroke. The NS was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Sociodemographic and anthropometric data, cardiovascular risk factors, as well as functional status (through the Barthel index and the modified Rankin scale) and the presented complications were collected. RESULTS: One hundred and three patients were included, with a medium age of 75.81 (± 6.73). The MNA score was 23.13 points (± 4.47); 8.2% had malnutrition and 38.1% had risk of malnutrition. There were no differences in the NS between women and men (p = 0.076) neither relation of the NS with age. NS deficiency was associated with poorer function (r = 0.608; p < 0.001), the development of complications (urinary tract infection and fever) (p = 0.044) and dysphagia (p = 0.014). In addition, those patients with better nutritional status had a better quality of life (r = 0.506; p < 0.001). It was also associated with poorer socioeconomic status (p = 0.020) and institutionalization (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of malnutrition is common in stroke survivors at the short-term. This NS is associated with a worse functional situation and self-perceived quality of life and with a higher rate of complications. Early detection of the risk of malnutrition is essential in patients who have suffered a stroke.
Assuntos
Estado Nutricional , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Desnutrição/complicações , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Avaliação Nutricional , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular CerebralRESUMO
Objetivo: valorar el estado nutricional (EN) del paciente a los tres meses de sufrir un ictus y establecer la relación del EN con la recuperación funcional y las complicaciones en este periodo. Material y métodos: estudio observacional y transversal que evaluó el EN de pacientes mayores de 65 años a los tres meses de presentar un ictus. El EN se valoró mediante el Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, antropométricos, factores de riesgo cardiovascular, así como el estado funcional (mediante el índice de Barthel y la escala de Rankin modificada) y las complicaciones presentadas. Resultados: incluimos 103 pacientes, con edad media de 75,81 (± 6,73) años. La puntuación en el MNA fue de 23,13 puntos (± 4,47); el 8,2% presentaba malnutrición y el 38,1%, riesgo de malnutrición. No se observaron diferencias en el EN entre mujeres y hombres (p = 0,076) ni relación del EN con la edad. El estado nutricional deficitario se asoció a peor situación funcional (r = 0,608; p < 0,001), al desarrollo de complicaciones (infección urinaria y fiebre) (p = 0,044) y a la disfagia (p = 0,014). Además, aquellos pacientes con mejor EN presentaban mejor calidad de vida (r = 0,506; p < 0,001). También se relacionó con peor nivel socioeconómico (p = 0,020) y mayor institucionalización en centros sociosanitarios (p = 0,004). Conclusiones: el riesgo de desnutrición a corto plazo es frecuente en los supervivientes a un ictus. Este EN se asocia con una peor situación funcional y calidad de vida autopercibida y mayor tasa de complicaciones. Es fundamental detectar precozmente el riesgo de desnutrición en pacientes que han sufrido un ictus (AU)
Objective: To assess the nutritional status (NS) of patients at three months of suffering a stroke, and to establish the relationship between functional recovery and complications in this period. Material and methods: A cross-sectional observational study evaluating the NS of patients older than 65 years at three months of having a stroke. The NS was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Sociodemographic and anthropometric data, cardiovascular risk factors, as well as functional status (through the Barthel index and the modified Rankin scale) and the presented complications were collected. Results: One hundred and three patients were included, with a medium age of 75.81 (± 6.73). The MNA score was 23.13 points (± 4.47); 8.2% had malnutrition and 38.1% had risk of malnutrition. There were no differences in the NS between women and men (p = 0.076) neither relation of the NS with age. NS deficiency was associated with poorer function (r = 0.608; p < 0.001), the development of complications (urinary tract infection and fever) (p = 0.044) and dysphagia (p = 0.014). In addition, those patients with better nutritional status had a better quality of life (r = 0.506; p < 0.001). It was also associated with poorer socioeconomic status (p = 0.020) and institutionalization (p = 0.004). Conclusions: The risk of malnutrition is common in stroke survivors at the short-term. This NS is associated with a worse functional situation and self-perceived quality of life and with a higher rate of complications. Early detection of the risk of malnutrition is essential in patients who have suffered a stroke (AU)
