Synthetic applications of (Me3SiNSN)2E (E = S, Se) in chalcogen-nitrogen chemistry: formation and structural characterization of Cl2TeESN2 (E = S, Se) and [PPh4]2[Pd2(mu-Se2N2S)X4] (X = Cl, Br).

The reaction of (Me3SiNSN)2S with TeCl4 in CH2Cl2 affords Cl2TeS2N2 (1) and that of (Me3SiNSN)2Se with TeCl4 produces Cl2TeSeSN2 (2) in good yields. The products were characterized by X-ray crystallography, as well as by NMR and vibrational spectroscopy and EI mass spectrometry. The Raman spectra were assigned by utilizing DFT molecular orbital calculations. The pathway of the formation of five-membered Cl2TeESN2 rings by the reactions of (Me3SiNSN)2E with TeCl4 (E = S, Se) is discussed. The reaction of (Me3SiNSN)2Se with [PPh4]2[Pd2X6] yields [PPh4]2[Pd2(mu-Se2N2S)X4] (X = Cl, 4a; Br, 4b), the first examples of complexes of the (Se2N2S)2- ligand. In both cases, this ligand bridges the two palladium centers through the selenium atoms.

1lambda(4),4lambda(4),8lambda(4),11lambda(4)-Tetrathiacyclotetradecane-1,4,7,10-tetraylidenetetraaminium tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate).

Investigations of the reactivity of the thio-crown [14]aneS(4) (1,4,8,11-tetrathiacyclotetradecane) towards the aminating agent o-mesitylsulfonylhydroxylamine have lead to the crystallization of 1lambda(4),4lambda(4),8lambda(4),11lambda(4)-tetrathiacyclotetradecane-1,4,7,10-tetraylidenetetraaminium tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate), C10H28N4S(4)4+.4C9H11O3S-. The compound crystallizes in a centrosymmetric space group, with half a formula unit in the asymmetric unit. All S atoms within the cationic component are aminated, with the four NH(2) substituents arranged in pairs on neighbouring S atoms on opposite faces of the crown. The macrocyclic cation in the compound forms hydrogen bonds with the 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate anions to create chains, which are further linked into thick two-dimensional sheets.

Polymorphism in ammonium 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate.

During investigations into sulfide- and selenide-amination reactions using the aminating agent o-mesitylsulfonylhydroxylamine, the monoclinic, (I), and orthorhombic, (II), polymorphs of ammonium 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate, NH4+.C9H11O3S-, have been crystallized. Investigation of the hydrogen-bonding motifs within the two polymorphs shows that both contain N+-H...O- hydrogen bonds between the ammonium cations and the 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate anions. Polymorph (I) contains R(4)(4)(12) and R(4)(2)(8) graph-set ring motifs, while polymorph (II) contains the same R(4)(4)(12) ring motif in combination with an R(4)(3)(10) motif. The two hydrogen-bonding patterns result in slightly different packing structures for the two polymorphs, but both are based on a thick-sheet arrangement, in which the NH4+ cations are enveloped between two layers of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate anions. In (I), the aromatic rings of the anions are approximately coplanar, giving parallel sheets, whereas in (II) the sheets are antiparallel and the anions pack in a herring-bone manner within the sheets, with angles of 78.76 (8) degrees between the planes of the aromatic rings.

N-(Diphenylselenio)diphenylsulfimidium tetraphenylborate.

The title compound, C24H20NSSe+.C24H20B-, exhibits disorder (S/Se scrambling) of the chalcogen sites within the S-N-Se triad. Similar disorder was observed in the bromide salt [Aucott, Bailey, Elsegood, Gilby, Holmes, Kelly, Papageorgiou & Pedron-Haba (2004). New J. Chem. pp. 959-966]. The S-N and Se-N bond lengths are 1.6735 (15) and 1.8045 (14) A, respectively. Whereas the chalcogens in the bromide salt are involved in S...Br and Se...Br interactions of very similar distances, the scrambled S and Se sites in the title compound are involved in distinct non-bonded interactions. The site predominantly occupied by sulfur is involved in C-H...S/Se interactions, while the site predominantly occupied by selenium is involved in Se/S...pi interactions.

The effect of hydrogen-bonding anions on the structure of metal-sulfimide complexes.

Investigations into the effects of the choice of anion on the hydrogen-bonding interactions between anions and metal-sulfimide cationic complexes have led to the study of three novel compounds. Hexakis(S,S-diphenylsulfimide)cobalt(II) diiodide S,S-diphenylsulfimide acetonitrile disolvate, [Co(C12H11NS)6]I2.C12H11NS.2C2H3N, crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group P-1 with Z = 2. Six diphenylsulfimide ligands coordinate to the cobalt centre through their N atoms. Two iodide counter-ions hydrogen bond to the cation through N-H...I interactions, with N...I distances in the range 3.7302 (19)-3.8461 (19) A. One extra molecule of sulfimide is included in the asymmetric unit, regardless of the metal-ligand ratio used in the synthesis, and this sulfimide molecule also hydrogen bonds to one of the iodide counter-ions through one N-H...I hydrogen bond. The reaction of FeCl3.6H2O with S,S-diphenylsulfimide monohydrate yields hexakis(S,S-diphenylsulfimide)iron(III) trichloride, [Fe(C12H11NS)6]Cl3. The complex crystallizes in the centrosymmetric cubic space group Pa-3 and the asymmetric unit contains one-sixth of a formula unit. Two of the chloride anions each hydrogen bond to three sulfimide NH groups on opposite sides of the [Fe(Ph2SNH)6]3+ cation. The third chloride anion does not take part in any strong hydrogen bonding; instead it is surrounded by aromatic groups and is involved in C-H...Cl hydrogen bonds. The reaction of [Pt(Ph2SNH)4]Cl2 with I2 facilitates oxidation of the Pt(II) metal centre to Pt(IV), producing tetrakis(S,S-diphenylsulfimide)diiodoplatinum(IV) dichloride dichloromethane disolvate, [PtI2(C12H11NS)4]Cl2.2CH2Cl2. The crystal structure is centrosymmetric, with the elongated octahedral cationic complex situated on an inversion centre. The chloride anions are hydrogen bonded to the cation through N-H...Cl hydrogen bonds, with two cis NH groups hydrogen bonded to each anion. Strong hydrogen bonding within these three compounds is limited to N-H...halide hydrogen bonds between the cation and two anions, with a three-up/three-down arrangement of the NH groups in the first two compounds. The anions also 'cap' the NH groups in the third compound. In all three cases, the anions are also involved in weaker hydrogen bonds utilizing the plethora of relatively acidic aryl CH groups in the structures.

Bis[(diphenylsulfimido)triphenylphosphonium] di-mu-bromo-bis[dibromopalladate(II)].

The title compound, (C30H25NPS)2[Pd2Br6] or (Ph3PNSPh2)2[Pd2Br6], was crystallized from the reaction of (Ph3PNSPh2)[BPh4] with (PPh4)2[Pd2Br6], giving a salt rather than the intended coordination complex [PdBr3(Ph3PNSPh2)]. The compound crystallizes in the non-centrosymmetric space group Cc with one complete formula unit in the asymmetric unit. One of the two independent cations is disordered. The geometry of the two cations is compared with that of the only previously crystallized example of this cation, viz. its [SbCl6]- salt [Reck et al. (1982). Chem. Ber. 115, 2981-2996]. The bond angles within the P-N-S triad in the two cations in the title compound are narrower than those observed in the literature example, while the S-N bond lengths are slightly longer in the title compound. The P-N bond length in the ordered cation shows excellent agreement with that determined by Reck and co-workers, but the P-N bond lengths are lengthened slightly in the disordered cation. Weak C-H...Br interactions create a three-dimensional network, with cations and anions alternating along the crystallographic c direction.

Bis(tetra-n-butylammonium) (mu-N,N'-diselenium dinitride)bis[tribromopalladate(II)].

The reaction of Se(4)N(4) with (Bu(4)N)(2)[Pd(2)Br(6)] gives the title compound, (C(16)H(36)N)(2)[Pd(2)Br(6)(N(2)Se(2))], in good yield. The [Pd(2)(Se(2)N(2))Br(6)](2-) anion lies on an inversion centre, and therefore the asymmetric unit contains half a formula unit. The crystal structure confirms the coordination of the Se(2)N(2) unit to Pd through the N atoms, as previously assigned by IR spectroscopic analysis [Kelly, Slawin & Soriano-Rama (1997). J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans. pp. 559-562]. The title compound contains the longest Pd-N bond so far observed for such systems.

Honeycombs, herringbones and brick-walls; three-fold guest-dependent variation in copper trimesate complexes bearing sulfimide ligands.

Reaction of a solution of CuSO(4) and S,S'-diphenylsulfimide, Ph(2)SNH 1, with sodium salts of trimesic acid (H(3)tma) in MeOH gives the 2-D coordination network [Cu(3)(Ph(2)SNH)(6)(tma)(2)] in which each trimesate is bound to three copper centres. Addition of other solvents to the reaction mixture causes a change in the shape of the network. By this route, three forms have been prepared and characterised by X-ray crystallography. These include the known honeycomb, 2, and brick-wall, 3, motifs and a herringbone, 4, arrangement which is novel for transition metal-containing trimesate complexes. Key to the supramolecular isomerism observed is the ability of 1 to facilitate structural isomerism at copper(II) centres. In contrast to 2 in which the copper centres are square planar, 4 is analogous to an inter-allogon, with both planar and tetrahedral copper centres. Also prepared is a related complex which is composed of discrete units of three copper centres. These are further linked into a 2-D network by hydrogen bonds.

Platinum(IV)-mediated nitrile-sulfimide coupling: a route to heterodiazadienes.

Pt(IV)-mediated addition of the sulfimide Ph2S = NH and the mixed sulfide/sulfimides o- and p-[PhS(=NH)](PhS)-C6H4 by the S=NH group to the metal-bound nitriles in the platinum(IV) complexes [PtCl4(RCN)2] proceeds smoothly at room temperature in CH2Cl2 and results in the formation of the heterodiazadiene compounds [PtCl4[NH=C(R)N=SR'Ph]2] (R' = Ph, R = Me, Et, CH2Ph, Ph; R' = o- and p-(PhS)C6H4; R = Et). While trans-[PtCl4(RCN)2] (R = Et, CH2Ph, Ph) reacting with Ph2S=NH leads exclusively to trans-[PtCl4[NH=C(R)N=SPh2]2], cis/trans-[PtCl4(MeCN)2] leads to cis/trans mixtures of [PtCl4[NH=C(Me)N=SPh2]2] and the latter have been separated by column chromatography. Theoretical calculations at both HF/HF and MP2//HF levels for the cis and trans isomers of [PtCl4[NH=C(Me)N=SMe2]2] indicate a higher stability for the latter. Compounds trans-[PtCl4[E-NH=C(R)N=SPh2]2] (R = Me, Et) and cis-[PtCl4[E-NH=C(Me)N=SPh2][Z-NH=C(Me)N=SPh2]] have been characterized by X-ray crystallography. The complexes [PtCl4[NH=C(R)N=SPh2]2] undergo hydrolysis when treated with HCl in nondried CH2Cl2 to achieve the amidines [PtCl4[NH=C(NH2)R]2] the compound with R = Et has been structurally characterized) and Ph2SO. The heterodiazadiene ligands, formed upon Pt(IV)-mediated RCN/sulfimide coupling, can be liberated from their platinum(IV) complexes [PtCl4[NH=C(R)N=SR'Ph]2] by reaction with Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2 (dppe) giving free NH=C(R)=SR'Ph and the dppe oxides, which constitutes a novel route for such rare types of heterodiazadienes whose number has also been extended. The hybrid sulfide/sulfimide species o- and p-[PhS(=NH)](PhS)C6H4 also react with the Pt(II) nitrile complex [PtCl2(MeCN)2] but the coupling--in contrast to the Pt(IV) species--gives the chelates [PtCl2[M-I=C(Me)N=S(Ph)C6H4SPh]]. The X-ray crystal structure of [PtCl2[M-I=C(Me)N=S(Ph)C6H4SPh-o]] reveals the bond parameters within the metallacycle and shows an unusual close interaction of the sulfide sulfur atom with the platinum.