No difference in follow-up estimated glomerular filtration rate between hypertensive and matched nonhypertensive kidney donors / No hay diferencia en la tasa de filtración glomerular estimada de seguimiento entre donantes de riñón hipertensos y no hipertensos compatibles

Background According to current guidelines, kidney donor candidates with controlled hypertension using 1 or 2 antihypertensive drugs may be considered as donor. However, this recommendation is based on the study that antihypertensive drug was initiated in mainly “after donor registration” and this may be white-coat hypertension because of donation-related anxiety. We compared the follow-up eGFR between kidney donors with preexisting hypertension and matched nonhypertensive donors. Methods This single-center retrospective study classified 97 living hypertensive donors previously receiving antihypertensive drugs into two groups: 1 drug group (61 donors) and 2 drugs group (36 donors). We compared the follow-up eGFR between each donor previously receiving antihypertensive drugs and three matched nonhypertensive donors in terms of age, sex, and follow-up duration. Results At a mean (range) of 51 months (12–214) in the 1 drug group, and 54 months (12–175) in the 2 drugs group after donation, there was no significant difference in follow-up eGFR between hypertensive donors previously receiving antihypertensive drugs and matched controls in each group and in total donors. There was no difference in the incidence of the patients with follow-up eGFR<45mL/min/m2 in each group and their matched controls. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that baseline eGFR was the only independent predictor for the final follow-up eGFR in the total donors. Conclusion Our results support the current guidelines that donor candidates with controlled hypertension using 1 or 2 antihypertensive drugs may be considered as donors, and may increase the strength of this recommendation (AU)

Antecedentes Según las guías actuales, los candidatos a donantes con hipertensión controlada que utilicen 1 o 2 antihipertensivos pueden considerarse donantes. Sin embargo, esta recomendación se basa en el estudio en el que el fármaco antihipertensivo se inició principalmente «después del registro del donante» y esto puede ser hipertensión de bata blanca debido a la ansiedad relacionada con la donación. Comparamos la TFGe de seguimiento entre donantes de riñón con hipertensión preexistente y donantes no hipertensos compatibles. Métodos Este estudio retrospectivo de un solo centro clasificó a 97 donantes hipertensos vivos que recibieron previamente fármacos antihipertensivos en dos grupos: 1 grupo de fármacos (61 donantes) y 2 grupos de fármacos (36 donantes). Comparamos la TFGe de seguimiento entre cada donante que recibió previamente fármacos antihipertensivos y tres donantes no hipertensivos compatibles en términos de edad, sexo y duración del seguimiento. Resultados A una media (rango) de 51 meses (12-214) en el grupo de un fármaco y 54 meses (12-175) en el grupo de 2 fármacos después de la donación, No hubo diferencias significativas en la TFGe de seguimiento entre los donantes hipertensos que recibieron previamente fármacos antihipertensivos y los controles emparejados en cada grupo y en el total de donantes. No hubo diferencia en el número de pacientes con TFGe de seguimiento <45ml/min/m2 en cada grupo y sus controles emparejados. El análisis de regresión lineal múltiple mostró que la TFGe basal fue el único factor de riesgo independiente para la TFGe de seguimiento final en el total de donantes. Conclusión Nuestros resultados apoyan las directrices actuales de que los candidatos a donantes con hipertensión controlada que utilizan 1 o 2 fármacos antihipertensivos pueden considerarse donantes y pueden aumentar la fuerza de esta recomendación (AU)

High Left Ventricular Filling Pressure on Doppler Echocardiography Is Associated With Graft Failure and Overall Mortality Following Kidney Transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: Although E/e´ is prognostic of mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESED), little is known about the prognostic implications of E/e´ following kidney transplant (KT). The objective of this study was to evaluate whether an elevated E/e´ is associated with graft function, postoperative hemodialysis, and overall mortality in end-stage renal disease patients following KT. DESIGN: A retrospective observational study. SETTING: Tertiary teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: In total, 1,045 patients underwent KT at the authors' hospital between January 2006 and December 2013. INTERVENTION: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Patients were divided into groups with an E/e´<15 or≥15, as assessed by preoperative echocardiography (median time from preoperative assessment of echocardiography to surgery: 37 days [IQR: 16-68 days]). Of 1,045 patients, 821 patients (78.6%) had an E/e´<15, and 224 patients (21.4%) had an E/e´≥15. Multivariate analysis indicated that age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.04, p = 0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.7; CI: 1.94-3.83, p<0.001), ß-blocker (OR: 1.4; CI: 1.03-1.95, p = 0.034), left atrial dimension (OR: 1.07; CI: 1.04-1.11, p<0.001), and left ventricular mass index (OR: 1.02; CI: 1.01-1.03, p<0.001) are predictive of E/e´≥15. After adjustment using inverse probability of treatment weighting, E/e´≥15 also was associated independently with postoperative hemodialysis (OR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.5-2.6, p<0.001), graft failure (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.4-2.2; p<0.001), and overall mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.2; 95% CI: 2.1-4.8, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative E/e´ is a prognostic indicator of overall mortality in ESRD patients undergoing KT.

Growth Factor Release from Lyophilized Porcine Platelet-Rich Plasma: Quantitative Analysis and Implications for Clinical Applications.

BACKGROUND: Freeze-dried platelet-rich plasma (FD PRP) is of potential value for clinical applications. However, growth factors released from FD PRP have not been well studied. Our study investigates growth factor release from FD PRP preparations, compared with other PRP samples, to further facilitate such clinical use. METHODS: We used four experimental groups: (1) Fresh porcine PRP (PRP), (2) PRP activated by calcium chloride (CaCl2) (Ca PRP), (3) PRP activated by CaCl2, followed by freeze drying (Ca-FD PRP), and (4) PRP freeze-dried first, then activated by CaCl2 (FD-Ca PRP). All FD PRP samples were kept for up to 4 weeks at room temperature (22 °C) and reconstituted prior to analysis. Transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1), platelet-derived growth factor AB (PDGF-AB), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were quantitated by ELISA at 15 min and 1 h incubation times. RESULTS: The concentrations of all growth factors in Ca PRP, measured at 1 h, were significantly higher than those in PRP (p < 0.05). PDGF-AB concentrations in FD-Ca PRP were not significantly different than in Ca PRP (p > 0.05). Levels of VEGF in Ca-FD PRP were not significantly different than in Ca PRP (p > 0.05). However, TGF-ß1 concentrations in Ca-FD PRP, measured at 15 min, were higher than those in Ca PRP (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: PRP was activated efficiently by calcium chloride. Freeze-dried PRP remained rich in growth factors after storage for 4 weeks at room temperature, indicating its ease of use and wider possibilities for clinical applications. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.