Beyond Muscle: A Narrative Review of Onabotulinum Toxin A for Skin Quality.

BACKGROUND: Onabotulinum toxin A’s (BoNTA’s) popularity is centered on its quick, predictable, and safe ability to improve clinically apparent rhytides. While this remains the only FDA indication for BoNTA, recent research suggests that BoNTA may have a much wider use for the improvement of overall skin quality. OBJECTIVE: This review will focus on the various evidence and uses of BoNTA for improvement of skin quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This review considered published journal articles (clinical trials, case studies, scientific reviews). Studies were identified by searching the PubMed database and reference lists of respective articles. Only articles available in English were considered for this review. RESULTS: Intramuscular and intradermal injections of BoNTA decrease sebum production, pore size, facial erythema and flushing, and resting lines. BoNTA induces neocollagenesis and restores the extracellular matrix. CONCLUSION: The literature provides both in vivo and in vitro evidence that BoNTA enhances skin quality beyond its well-studied neuromuscular effect. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021;20(9):958-962. doi:10.36849/JDD.6038.

Granuloma annulare and necrobiosis lipoidica with sequential occurrence in a patient: report and review of literature.

Granuloma annulare (GA) and necrobiosis lipoidica (NL) are granulomatous diseases of undetermined etiology. Rarely, both dermatoses have been reported to occur concomitantly in patients. GA and NL are characterized histologically by areas of necrobiosis of collagen. The two diseases share some common characteristics, which may suggest that these dermatoses could occur as a spectrum in some patients or possibly share a similar pathogenesis. We report on a 67-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of NL on the anterior shins that later developed lesions of GA on the breasts, trunk, and wrist. We also review the literature and discuss the characteristics of patients with concomitant GA and NL.