Papel do gestor de saúde pública em região de fronteira: scoping review / Papel del gestor de salud pública en regiones de frontera: scoping review / The role of public health managers in a border region: a scoping review

Resumo Objetivo: Examinar e mapear as evidências científicas sobre o papel do gestor de saúde pública em região de fronteira. Métodos: Scoping Review, baseado nos procedimentos recomendados pelo Instituto Joanna Briggs. Este método visa mapear os principais conceitos, clarificar e identificar lacunas do conhecimento, e obter a significância e a adequação da prática dos cuidados de saúde. Com base nestas perspectivas, estabeleceu-se a pergunta norteadora: "Quais são as evidências científicas sobre o papel do gestor na gestão em saúde pública nas regiões de fronteira?". Foram realizadas buscas em oito bases de dados nacionais e internacionais, sobre trabalhos publicados até agosto de 2017. Dos 188 estudos encontrados, 13 foram selecionados para leitura na íntegra, resultando em uma amostra final de sete estudos analisados. Resultados: As sete publicações analisadas foram publicadas de 2005 a 2017. Os estudos selecionados sobre a temática são de âmbito nacional e internacional e de abordagens quantitativa, qualitativa ou qualiquantitativa. Os objetos dos estudos foram semelhantes, uma vez que a maioria retratava sobre o atendimento ao paciente transfronteiriço e o aumento dos gastos públicos em saúde nestas regiões. Conclusão: Os resultados desta revisão mostraram uma escassez de estudos nacionais e internacionais sobre o papel do gestor em saúde na fronteira. A relevância do tema e sua complexidade evidenciam a necessidade de pesquisas sobre o gestor nestas regiões.

Resumen Objetivo: Examinar y mapear las evidencias científicas sobre el papel del gestor de salud pública en regiones de frontera. Métodos: Scoping Review, basado en los procedimientos recomendados por el Instituto Joanna Briggs. Este método tiene el fin de mapear los principales conceptos, clarificar e identificar vacíos de conocimiento y obtener la significación y adaptación de la práctica de los cuidados de la salud. Utilizando estas perspectivas como base, se estableció la pregunta orientadora: "¿cuáles son las evidencias científicas sobre el papel del gestor en la gestión de la salud pública en las regiones de frontera?". Se realizaron búsquedas en ocho bases de datos nacionales e internacionales sobre trabajos publicados hasta agosto de 2017. De los 188 estudios encontrados, se seleccionaron 13 para lectura completa, que dio como resultado una muestra final de siete estudios analizados. Resultados: Las siete publicaciones analizadas fueron publicadas de 2005 a 2017. Los estudios seleccionados sobre la temática son de ámbito nacional e internacional y de enfoque cuantitativo, cualitativo o cuali-cuantitativo. Los objetos de los estudios fueron semejantes, dado que la mayoría describía la atención al paciente transfronterizo y el aumento de los gastos públicos de salud en estas regiones. Conclusión: Los resultados de esta revisión demostraron una escasez de estudios nacionales e internacionales sobre el papel del gestor de salud en la frontera. La relevancia del tema y su complejidad ponen en evidencia la necesidad de investigación sobre los gestores en estas regiones.

Abstract Objective: To examine and map scientific evidence on the role of public health managers in a border region. Methods: Scoping Review, based on the procedures recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute. This method aims at mapping the main concepts, clarifying and identifying knowledge gaps, and achieving the significance and adequacy of the health care practice. Based on these perspectives, the guiding question was: "What is the scientific evidence on the role of managers towards the management of public health in border regions?". Eight national and international databases were searched for papers published by August 2017. Of the 188 studies found, 13 were selected for their full reading, resulting in a final sample of seven studies analyzed. Results: The seven publications analyzed were published from 2005 to 2017. Selected studies on the subject are national and international and of quantitative, qualitative or quali-quantitative approaches. The subjects of the studies were similar, considering most of them covered cross-border patient care and increased public health expenditures in these regions. Conclusion: The results of this review showed a shortage of national and international studies on the role of managers in health in border regions. The relevance of the theme and its complexity evidence the need for research on managers in these regions.

Spatial distribution of breast cancer mortality: Socioeconomic disparities and access to treatment in the state of Parana, Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer remains an important public health problem that is responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in developing countries. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the socioeconomic and access disparities related to breast cancer mortality in 399 cities in the state of Parana, Brazil. METHODS: Ecological, descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study based on secondary data from the Mortality Information System from 2009 to 2012 in the state of Parana. Breast cancer mortality rate was calculated considering the mortality cases and women population of each municipality, both based on women older than 20 years old. Moran global and local analyses were used to verify the presence of spatial autocorrelation and spatial regression modeling (Spatial Lag-SAR) with the purpose of analyzing the association between socioeconomic indicators, access and mortality rates for breast cancer. RESULTS: Significant positive spatial autocorrelation was found for breast cancer mortality rates (I = 0.5432, p = 0.001). In the spatial regression analysis, the model explained 61% of the variance of the mortality rates for breast cancer. The mortality rate for breast cancer was negatively associated with the illiteracy rate (Coefficient = -0.0279) and positively associated with the access index (Coefficient = 12.9525). CONCLUSION: The lower illiteracy rate has not been sufficient to reduce the specific mortality rate by breast cancer, and the higher the score of accessibility to cancer services, the higher the specific mortality due to breast cancer. The results show that in the state of Parana, the problem is not related to a lack of education of the patients or the distance walked, but rather with the organization of services. These conclusions have important political implications on the organization and quality of the services provided for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in the state of Parana.