RESUMO
Effects of moisture, porosity and soil bulk density properties, grubbing time and terrain side slopes on pc 220 komatsu hydraulic excavator productivity were investigated in Miana forests road construction project which located in the northern forest of Iran. Soil moisture and porosity determined by samples were taken from undisturbed soil. The elements of daily works were measured with a digital stop watch and video camera in 14 observations (days). The road length and cross section profiles after each 20 m were selected to estimate earthworks volume. Results showed that the mean production rates for the pc 220 komatsu excavators were 60.13 m3 h(-1) and earthwork 14.76 m h(-1) when the mean depth of excavation or cutting was 4.27 m3 m(-1), respectively. There was no significant effects (p = 0.5288) from the slope classes' treatments on productivity, whereas grubbing time, soil moisture, bulk density and porosity had significantly affected on excavator earthworks volume (p < 0.0001). Clear difference was showed between the earthwork length by slope classes (p = 0.0060). Grubbing time (p = 0.2180), soil moisture (p = 0.1622), bulk density (p = 0.2490) and porosity (p = 0.2159) had no significant effect on the excavator earthworks length.
Assuntos
Solo , Meios de Transporte , Análise de Variância , Irã (Geográfico)RESUMO
Forest road is one of the most important ways to access the forest and its own activities. It should have some standard qualities and also had the list harm for nature. One of the most important qualities of forest road is limited of two sides to developing of natural forest. Alder tree is the first kind of trees that grows in northern forest of Iran closed to the constructed roads. This research was done in Mazandaran forest (Darab Kola district) to evaluate how Alder grows in the two side margins of roads. Twenty half plot (upper and lower road margins) with a size of 1000 m2 in one kilometer length of this road was selected and twenty face to face Alder trees closed to the road were sampled to take two cores in a face and back of road at the DBH level. After analyzing the data with a simple variance and comparing annual rings (curves), diameter, height and growth by simple and joint t-test, the results show that there is no significant difference between growing in upwards and downwards of road and also between diameter and height of tree in two sides of road. Most diameter distribution classes of trees were in a 15-20 cm. To consider more about this matter, study of different width and slopes of forest roads in a various forest stands was proposed.
