Reconstruction of fully shaped fingers using a free great toe nail flap combined with a second toe tissue flap.

To explore the clinical outcome of a free great toe nail flap (GTNF) combined with a second toe tissue flap (STTF) for fully shaped finger reconstruction (FSFR). From January 2013 to January 20, 2019, patients with finger defects underwent finger reconstruction using free GTNF combined with an STTF. All 20 fully shaped, reconstructed fingers survived without complications. The average follow-up time was 44.4 months (range 12-60 months). The reconstructed fingers had better function and appearance. The length of the fingers was close to normal, and the joint positions were normal. The fingers were able to extend -15° to -5° and flex 40° to 85°. The reconstructed fingers had no pain or numbness, and the function of the feet was restored well. The reconstruction of fully shaped fingers using GTNF combined with an STTF results in better function and appearance. This surgical method is worthy of promotion. This article introduces a new surgical method that is related to finger reconstruction. Finger defects bring psychological and functional regrets to patients and their families. Through this operation, the reconstructed finger is more perfect in appearance and function. I think this technology is very effective and worth promoting.

Long non-coding RNA ASMTL-AS1 deteriorates the oncogenicity of osteosarcoma by decoying microRNA-342-3p and consequently raising ADAM9 expression.

BACKGROUND: Till now, little is known regarding expression pattern and specific roles of lncRNA ASMTL antisense RNA 1 (ASMTL-AS1) in osteosarcoma (OS). Therefore, our current research measured the expression of ASMTL-AS1 in OS, unveiled the roles of ASMTL-AS1 in the modulation of malignant characteristics of OS, and identified the downstream mechanism. METHODS: The regulatory actions of ASMTL-AS1 ablation in OS cells were explored utilizing loss-of-function experiments. Mechanistic studies were implemented utilizing bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation and rescue experiments. RESULTS: ASMTL-AS1 expression in OS was elevated in both TCGA database and our own cohort. Interfering with ASMTL-AS1 restricted cell proliferation, migration and invasion while increasing cell apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, silencing ASMTL-AS1 blocked tumour growth in vivo. Mechanistically, ASMTL-AS1 could act as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-342-3p (miR-342-3p) and inhibit its activity in OS cells, consequently causing an increase in ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9 (ADAM9) levels. Furthermore, inhibiting miR-342-3p or upregulating ADAM9 abated silenced ASMTL-AS1-induced antitumour activity in OS cells. CONCLUSION: ASMTL-AS1 aggravated OS progression by regulating the miR-342-3p/ADAM9 axis.

Emergence of highly virulent pseudorabies virus in southern China.

Pseudorabies has been controlled efficiently in China for many years by vaccination. However, it suddenly broke out in many pig farms in 2012-2013 in southern China. In this study, a systematic investigation that included virus isolation, genetic and pathological studies, and immunogenicity analysis was carried out with the aim of understanding the pathogenetic and antigenic features of novel isolates of pseudorabies virus (PRV). Of 38 tissue samples collected from pigs with clinical signs of pseudorabies on 13 farms in 4 provinces in southern China in 2012-2013, 29 showed wild-type PRV infection by polymerase chain reaction. Sequence analysis of 5 isolates from the 4 provinces showed that they belonged to a relatively independent cluster that shared 2 insertions of a single amino acid in the gE gene and 1 insertion of 7 amino acids in the gC gene. In experiments, isolate ZJ01 caused death in 100% of pigs that were either 14 or 80 days old. The serum antibodies to the commercial PRV vaccines had significantly lower neutralizing activity against the ZJ01 isolate than against the vaccine strains. The antigenic relatedness between ZJ01 and the vaccine strains was 0.378 to 0.455. These findings indicated that a novel, highly virulent PRV strain with antigenic variance had spread widely in southern China.

La pseudorage a été maitrisée de manière efficace en Chine pendant plusieurs années grâce à la vaccination. Toutefois, en 2012­2013 des poussées de cas sont apparues soudainement dans des fermes porcines dans le sud de la Chine. Dans la présente enquête, l'isolement viral, des études génétiques et pathologiques, et des analyses d'immunogénicité furent effectués avec l'objectif de comprendre les caractéristiques pathogénétiques et antigéniques des nouveaux isolats du virus de la pseudorage (VPR). À partir de 38 échantillons de tissu prélevés en 2012­2013 chez des porcs avec des signes cliniques de pseudorage provenant de 13 fermes dans quatre provinces du sud de la Chine, 29 se sont révélés positifs par réaction d'amplification en chaîne par la polymérase pour une infection par une souche sauvage du VPR. L'analyse de séquence de cinq isolats provenant des quatre provinces montrait qu'ils appartenaient à un regroupement relativement indépendant qui partageait deux insertions d'un acide aminé unique dans le gène gE et une insertion de sept acides aminés dans le gène gC. Lors d'expériences, l'isolat ZJ01 causait la mort chez 100 % des porcs qui étaient âgés de 14 ou 80 jours. Les anticorps sériques envers les vaccins VPR commerciaux avaient une activité neutralisante significativement moindre contre l'isolat ZJ01 que contre les souches vaccinales. La parenté antigénique entre ZJ01 et les souches vaccinales variait de 0,378 à 0,455. Ces trouvailles indiquent qu'une souche nouvelle et hautement virulente du VPR avec une variance antigénique s'est répandue largement dans le sud de la Chine.(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier).

A novel inactivated gE/gI deleted pseudorabies virus (PRV) vaccine completely protects pigs from an emerged variant PRV challenge.

A highly virulent and antigenic variant of pseudorabies virus (PRV) broke out in China at the end of 2011 and caused great economic loss in the pig industry. In this study, an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone containing the full-length genome of the emerged variant PRV ZJ01 strain was generated. The BAC-derived viruses, vZJ01-GFPΔgE/gI (gE/gI deleted strain, and exhibiting green autofluorescence), vZJ01ΔgE/gI (gE/gI deleted strain), and vZJ01gE/gI-R (gE/gI revertant strain), showed similar in vitro growth to their parent strain. In pigs, inactivated vZJ01ΔgE/gI vaccine generated significantly high levels of neutralizing antibodies against ZJ01 compared with Bartha-K61 live vaccine (p<0.05). After fatal ZJ01 challenge, all five animals in the inactivated vZJ01ΔgE/gI vaccine group survived without exhibiting any clinical sings, but two of five animals exhibited central nervous signs in the Bartha-K61 group. Meanwhile, all the non-vaccinated control animals died at 7 days post-challenge. This indicates that the inactivated vZJ01ΔgE/gI vaccine is a promising vaccine candidate for controlling the variant strains of PRV now circulating in China.

Proteomic alteration of PK-15 cells after infection by porcine circovirus type 2.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) has been identified as the essential causal agent of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, which has spread worldwide. To discover cellular protein responses of PK-15 cells to PCV2 infection, two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS) coupled with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling was employed to quantitatively identify the proteins that were differentially expressed in PK-15 from the PCV2-infected group compared to the uninfected control group. A total of 196 cellular proteins in PK-15 that were significantly altered at different time periods post-infection were identified. These differentially expressed proteins were related to the biological processes of binding, cell structure, signal transduction, cell adhesion, etc. and their interactions. Moreover, some of these proteins were further confirmed by Western blot. The high number of differentially expressed proteins identified should be very useful in elucidating the mechanism of replication and pathogenesis of PCV2 in the future.

Complete genome analysis of a Haemophilus parasuis serovar 12 strain from China.

Haemophilus parasuis is the etiological agent of Glässer's disease in pigs and 15 standard serovars were identified. The widespread disease causes great economic loss in the swine industry worldwide. Aiming to investigate the differences in genome composition and functions among various strains, a highly virulent strain ZJ0906 of H. parasuis serovar 12 from China was analyzed and compared with serovar 5 SH0165. Strain ZJ0906 genome is 2,324,740 base pairs with 40.06% genomic GC content. It contains 2,484 open reading frames (ORF) predicted by Glimmer 3.02, of which 2,352 (∼94.7%) were annotated by NCBI nr blast, 1,745 by COG database and 1,829 by KEGG database. 109 potential virulence factors were annotated in strain ZJ0906 and 3 of which are potentially related to antibiotic resistance. Strain ZJ0906 genome is ∼55 kilobases longer than SH0165 genome, with an extra 211 predicted ORFs. VFDB, ARDB, and PAIDB blast searches showed that ZJ0906 and SH0165 shared a nearly identical panel of potential virulence factors, drug resistant genes and four PAI-like regions which showed high homology to Enterococcus, Escherichia and Salmonella. Synteny analysis showed that gene rearrangements are frequent between the two strains, which may lead to variations in pathogenicity and cross-protection among serovars. KEGG pathway analyses showed strain ZJ0906 shared similar metabolic pathways to strain SH0165. Molecular identification of these genomic elements and potential virulence factors pave the way to the better understanding of mechanisms underlying metabolic capabilities and pathogenicity of H. parasuis and prospective vaccine targets besides the widely used method of inactivated bacteria.