[Exploration on acupuncture treatment ideas for knee osteoarthritis from the perspective of Dongyuan needling technology].

The treatment ideas with acupuncture for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are explored on the base of Dongyuan needling technology. Regarding the rules of acupoint selection, Zusanli (ST 36) is predominant, the back-shu points are used for the disorders related to the invasion of exogenous factors, and the front-mu points are for the cases caused by internal injury. Besides, the xing-spring points and shu-stream points are preferred. In treatment of KOA, besides the local points, the front-mu points, i.e. Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25) and Guanyuan (CV 4), are selected specially to tonifying the spleen and stomach. The earth points and acupoints on the earth meridians (i.e. Yinlingquan [SP 9], Xuehai [SP 10], Liangqiu [ST 34], Dubi [ST 35], Zusanli [ST 36] and Yanglingquan [GB 34]) are optional to coordinate yin and yang, essence and qi , and regulate the qi movement of spleen and stomach. The shu-stream points of liver, spleen and kidney meridians (Taichong [LR 3], Taibai [SP 3] and Taixi [KI 3]) are chosen to promote meridian circulation and regulate zangfu functions.

Au@ZIF-8 Core-Shell Nanoparticles as a SERS Substrate for Volatile Organic Compound Gas Detection.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a promising ultrasensitive analysis technology due to outstanding molecular fingerprint identification. However, the measured molecules generally need to be adsorbed on a SERS substrate, which makes it difficult to detect weakly adsorbed molecules, for example, the volatile organic compound (VOC) molecules. Herein, we developed a kind of a SERS detection method for weak adsorption molecules with Au@ZIF-8 core-shell nanoparticles (NPs). The well-uniformed single- and multicore-shell NPs can be synthesized controllably, and the shell thickness of the ZIF-8 was able to be precisely controlled (from 3 to 50 nm) to adjust the distance and electromagnetic fields between metal nanoparticles. After analyzing the chemical and physical characterization, Au@ZIF-8 core-shell NPs were employed to detect VOC gas by SERS. In contrast with multicore or thicker-shell nanoparticles, Au@ZIF-8 with a shell thickness of 3 nm could efficiently probe various VOC gas molecules, such as toluene, ethylbenzene, and chlorobenzene. Besides, we were capable of observing the process of toluene gas adsorption and desorption using real-time SERS technology. As observed from the experimental results, this core-shell nanostructure has a promising prospect in diverse gas detection and is expected to be applied to the specific identification of intermediates in catalytic reactions.

Correction to: Isoliquiritigenin Provides Protection and Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Injuries via the Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathway After Traumatic Brain Injury.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The Fluorescence Immunoassays text written in Materials and Methods section and Fig. 1i, j is incorrect. In Fig. 1j, the images corresponding to Sham and TBI + ILG are incorrect. In Fig. 1i the figure caption "TBI + EDA" are incorrect. The corrected text and Fig. 1i, j are given below.

Isoliquiritigenin Provides Protection and Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Injuries via the Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathway After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious public health and medical problem worldwide. Oxidative stress plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of TBI. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an important factor in the cellular defense against oxidative stress, is activated following TBI. In this study, the protective effects of Isoliquiritigenin (ILG), a promising antioxidant stress drug, was evaluated as a protective agent against TBI. In a mouse model of controlled cortical impact Injury, we found that the ILG administration reduced the Garcia neuroscore, injury histopathology, brain water content, cerebral vascular permeability, the expression of cleaved caspase3, aquaporin-4, glial fibrillary acidic protein and the increased the expression of neurofilament light chain protein, indicating the protective effects against TBI in vivo. ILG treatment after TBI also restored the oxidative stress and promoted the Nrf2 protein transfer from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. We then used Nrf2-/- mice to test the protective effect of Nrf2 during ILG treatment of TBI. Our findings indicated that Nrf2-/- mice had greater brain injury and oxidative stress than wild-type (WT) mice and ILG was less effective at inhibiting oxidative stress and repairing the brain injury than in the WT mice. In vitro studies in SY5Y cells under oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation stimulation yielded results that were consistent with those obtained in vivo showing that ILG promotes Nrf2 protein transfer from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that Nrf2 is an important protective factor against TBI-induced injuries, which indicates that the protective effects of ILG are mediated by inhibiting oxidative stress after TBI via a mechanism that involves the promotion of Nrf2 protein transfer from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.