A site-resolved two-dimensional quantum simulator with hundreds of trapped ions.

A large qubit capacity and an individual readout capability are two crucial requirements for large-scale quantum computing and simulation1. As one of the leading physical platforms for quantum information processing, the ion trap has achieved a quantum simulation of tens of ions with site-resolved readout in a one-dimensional Paul trap2-4 and of hundreds of ions with global observables in a two-dimensional (2D) Penning trap5,6. However, integrating these two features into a single system is still very challenging. Here we report the stable trapping of 512 ions in a 2D Wigner crystal and the sideband cooling of their transverse motion. We demonstrate the quantum simulation of long-range quantum Ising models with tunable coupling strengths and patterns, with or without frustration, using 300 ions. Enabled by the site resolution in the single-shot measurement, we observe rich spatial correlation patterns in the quasi-adiabatically prepared ground states, which allows us to verify quantum simulation results by comparing the measured two-spin correlations with the calculated collective phonon modes and with classical simulated annealing. We further probe the quench dynamics of the Ising model in a transverse field to demonstrate quantum sampling tasks. Our work paves the way for simulating classically intractable quantum dynamics and for running noisy intermediate-scale quantum algorithms7,8 using 2D ion trap quantum simulators.

RNA sequencing analysis of the longissimus dorsi to identify candidate genes underlying the intramuscular fat content in Anqing Six-end-white pigs.

Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a significant marker for pork quality. The Anqing Six-end-white pig has the characteristics of high meat quality and IMF content. Owing to the influence of European commercial pigs and a late start in resource conservation, the IMF content within local populations varies between individuals. This study analyzed the longissimus dorsi transcriptome of purebred Anqing Six-end-white pigs with varying IMF content to recognize differentially expressed genes. We identified 1528 differentially expressed genes between the pigs with high (H) and low (L) IMF content. Based on these data, 1775 Gene Ontology terms were significantly enriched, including lipid metabolism, modification and storage, and regulation of lipid biosynthesis. Pathway analysis revealed 79 significantly enriched pathways, including the Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis indicated that the L group had increased the expression of genes related to ribosome function. Additionally, the protein-protein interaction network analyses revealed that VEGFA, KDR, LEP, IRS1, IGF1R, FLT1 and FLT4 were promising candidate genes associated with the IMF content. Our study identified the candidate genes and pathways involved in IMF deposition and lipid metabolism and provides data for developing local pig germplasm resources.

[Preliminary study on the application of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion in the treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy].

Objective: To explore the clinical value by analyzing the application of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion in the uterine curettage treatment for patients with cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP). Methods: Totally 42 CSP patients in the first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were analyzed retrospectively, 21 cases in the observation group, placing the balloon catheter to the abdominal aorta under the renal artery under the digital substraction angiography(DSA), conducting curettage under hysteroscopy or uterine laparoscopy immediately, and making intermittent blockage in abdominal aorta blood flow during the surgery;21 patients in the control group, conducting uterine artery embolization (UAE) before operation, conducting curettage under hysteroscopy or uterine laparoscopy after 1-3 days. The fluoroscopy time under DSA, body surface radiation dose, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, incidence of postoperative adverse reactions, hospitalization time and follow-up menstruation were comparatively analyzed. Results: All patients operated and retained the uterus successfully. In the control group, all 21 patients had different degrees of fever, pain and other symptoms after UAE. In the observation group and control group, the fluoroscopy time and body surface radiation dose under DSA respectively were (7.4±1.4) s, (5.4±1.1) mGy and (1 142.8±315.5) s, (1 442.0±300.0) mGy (both P<0.01);the average amount of intraoperative blood loss were (22±15), (19±14) ml (P>0.05), the time of uterine curettage were (37±20), (42±19) minutes (P>0.05);hospitalization time were (5.0±0.9), (7.7±1.3) days (P<0.01). The follow-up period was more than 3 months, no adverse reactions were observed in the observation group; 4 cases of menstrual reduction and 1 case of intrauterine adhesions were found in the control group. Conclusion: Abdominal aortic balloon occlusion and UAE could effectively reduce intraoperative bleeding in uterine curettage for patients with CSP; abdominal aortic balloon occlusion has significant reduction of the X-ray dose, shorter hospitalization time, and fewer adverse events comparing to UAE.

MiRNA-584 suppresses the progression of NK/T-cell lymphoma by targeting FOXO1.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to clarify the influences of miRNA-584 on proliferative and invasive abilities in NK/T-cell lymphoma, and to illustrate the underlying mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: MiRNA-584 levels in peripheral blood of NK/T-cell lymphoma patients and healthy controls were detected by qRT-PCR. Potential relationship between miRNA-584 level and clinical indicators of NK/T-cell lymphoma patients was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curves were depicted for assessing the prognostic value of miRNA-584 in NK/T-cell lymphoma patients. After overexpression or knockdown of miRNA-584, changes in proliferative and invasive abilities in KHYG-1 and SNK-6 cells were assessed by CCK-8 and transwell assay, respectively. The potential mechanism of miRNA-584 and its downstream gene FOXO1 in regulating the development of NK/T-cell lymphoma was explored by Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay and rescue experiments. RESULTS: Peripheral blood levels of miRNA-584 were lower in NK/T-cell lymphoma patients than those of healthy control. Compared with NK/T-cell lymphoma patients expressing high level of miRNA-584, those expressing a low level suffered worse tumor staging, higher rate of bone marrow invasion, and worse prognosis. Overexpression of miRNA-584 suppressed proliferative and invasive abilities in KHYG-1 and SNK-6 cells. On the contrary, knockdown of miRNA-584 yielded the opposite results. FOXO1 was showed to be the direct target binding miRNA-584, and its level was negatively regulated by miRNA-584. Notably, FOXO1 could partially abolish the regulatory effects of miRNA-584 on proliferative and invasive abilities in NK/T-cell lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS: Low level of miRNA-584 is closely linked to advanced stage, susceptibility to bone marrow invasion, and poor prognosis in NK/T-cell lymphoma. MiRNA-584 suppresses proliferative and invasive abilities in NK/T-cell lymphoma by targeting FOXO1.

Comparative study on the effect of Y content on grain refinement in the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone of X70 pipeline steels.

This study aims to investigate the influence of Y content on grain refinement in the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) of X70 pipeline steels. The results explored that two different grain refinement mechanisms were presented in 0.034 wt.%-Y and 0.075 wt.%-Y steels, respectively. The Y2O2S inclusions and YP precipitates are formed in 0.034 wt.%-Y steel instead of the YP inclusions and more YP precipitates in 0.075 wt.%-Y steel. The grain refinement mechanism in the simulated CGHAZ of 0.034 wt.%-Y steel mainly depends on the formation of acicular ferrite induced by Y2O2S inclusion. Whereas, the grain refinement mechanism in the simulated CGHAZ of 0.075 wt.%-Y steel primarily relies on the austenite boundary pinning effect by higher density of YP precipitates.

[An analysis of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning patients in a general hospital].

Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning patients in a general hospital, then to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of acute poisoning in the future. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 660 patients with acute poisoning admitted in emergency medical center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from July 2009 to May 2015. Results: More men than women in 660 cases with acute poisoning(the ratio of male to female was 1.36∶1) ; ≥30 years old was the high incidence age (78.79%) ; The top occupation was farmers (39.70%) ; Most were life poisoning (88.18%) , suicide was the main reason (62.42%) especially happened in women, and the main cause of suicide was family conflicts; Toxic species dominated by pesticide (67.58%) , most were severe poisoning (81.82%) ; The top two pesticide poisoning were organic phosphorus and paraquat, and the proportion of blood purification in paraquat was significantly higher (χ2=105.21, P=0.00) ; There were 212 cases with organ dysfunction, main were pesticide poisoning patients, and the proportionof organ dysfunction in paraquat was significantly higher than the rest allpesticide poisoning (χ2=45.09, P=0.00) ; The general fatal rate of acute poisoning was 2.27%, and the proportion in paraquat poisoning was .higher than the rest pesticide poisoning who were death and give up when discharged (χ2=56.83, P=0.00) . Conclusion: The focus of acute poisoning in the general hospital is still pesticide (especially organic phosphorus and paraquat) , and most were severe poisoning.

Spontaneous emission of terbium complex in-filled in single-crystal colloidal multilayer.

Highly monodisperse submicron-sized silica spheres were synthesized by a chemical method, and single-crystal colloidal multilayers were prepared by a vertical deposition technique. Rare earth complex Tb(ACAC)3phen was in-filled in this structure to investigate the photonic bandgap effect on the spontaneous emission. The photon density of states in the photonic crystal was calculated numerically to investigate the origin of the abnormally enhanced photoluminescence in the photonic bandgap region. Our results are suggestive of a new way to probe the position of fluorescent molecules in such photonic bandgap materials.

Isolation of ALP, a novel divergent murine CC chemokine with a unique carboxy terminal extension.

Chemokines are a family of related proteins that regulate leukocyte infiltration into inflamed tissue and play important roles in many disease processes. Chemokines are divided into two major groups, CC or CXC, based on their sequence around the amino terminal cysteines. We report here, the isolation of a novel murine CC chemokine termed ALP for its amino terminal peptide sequence. This novel chemokine is distantly related to other CC chemokines (37% identity with murine Exodus-1/LARC/Mip-3alpha), but has a unique carboxy terminal extension. It is expressed preferentially in testis, heart, and liver, which is atypical for CC chemokines.

Cloning of BRAK, a novel divergent CXC chemokine preferentially expressed in normal versus malignant cells.

Chemokines are a family of related proteins that regulate leukocyte infiltration into inflamed tissue and play important roles in many disease processes. Chemokines are divided into two major groups, CC or CXC, based on their sequence around the amino terminal cysteines. We report the PCR cloning of a novel human chemokine termed BRAK for its initial isolation from breast and kidney cells. This novel chemokine is distantly related to other CXC chemokines (30% identity with MIP-2alpha and beta) and shares several biological activities. BRAK is expressed ubiquitously and highly in normal tissue. However, it was expressed in only 2 of 18 cancer cell lines. BRAK is located on human chromosome 5q31.

Effects of spinach powder fat-soluble extract on proliferation of human gastric adenocarcinoma cells.

Four kinds of assays were used to study the effect of a fat-soluble extract of spinach powder (SPFE) on the proliferation of human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (SGC-7901) in vitro. These studies included: (i) cell growth assay, (ii) colony forming assay, (iii) MTT colorimetric assay, and (iv) 3H-TdR incorporation assay. The concentrations of SPFE expressed as the level of beta-carotene in the medium were 2 x 10(-8), 2 x 10(-7) and 2 x 10(-6) mol/L beta-carotene in assay (i)-(iii), but 4 x 10(-8), 4 x 10(-7) and 4 x 10(-6) mol/L beta-carotene in assay (iv) respectively. The results indicated that SPFE inhibited the proliferation and colony forming ability of SGC-7901 cells. And in MTT assay, SPFE inhibited the viability of SGC-7901 cells, but no inhibitory effect of SPFE was observed on the viability of lymphocytes in peripheral blood of healthy people. Finally, in the 3H-TdR incorporation test, both SPFE and beta-carotene showed significant inhibitory effects on DNA synthesis in SGC-7901 cells, but SPFE was more effective than beta-carotene.

In vivo and in vitro studies on the antitumor activities of MCP (Malva crispa L. Powder).

Four short-term in vivo and in vitro tests were used to further confirm the antitumor activities of MCP, a vegetable powder, prepared from Malva crispa L. (i) In the H22 hepatoma-transplanting test, MCP had antitumor action, but MCP residue did not show such action; 5-FU appeared to have more potent antitumor activities and more harmful effects than MCP. (ii) In the micronucleus (MN) test, MCP significantly decreased MN frequency. (iii) In the cancer cell culture systems, the MCP fat-soluble extract revealed inhibitory effects on the growth and proliferation of the human hepatoma and the gastric cancer cells in a dose-response manner. (iv) In the colony formation test, MCP also altered the morphology of human gastric cancer cells. It was suggested that MCP could be consumed not only by healthy subjects for cancer prevention but also by patients with cancer as supplementary treatment in combination with anticarcinogenic drug such as 5-FU, cyclophosphamide (CP).

Relationship between vas occlusion techniques and recanalization.

PIP: In southwest China between April, 1988, and March, 1990, providers at 5 family planning centers in Sichuan, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guizhou provinces performed 2713 vasectomies using 7 occlusion techniques. They all used the no-scalpel vasectomy technique to expose, isolate, and divide the vas deferens. Researchers compared the follow-up outcomes of the various techniques during 1988 and 1992. The techniques included open-ended technique with the fascia interposition (group A); removal of vas segment and ends ligated with no. 1 silk suture (group B); vasectomy with fascia interposition on testicular ends (group C); same as group B plus cautery and washing the ends with phenol or 95% ethanol and normal saline (group D); folding and ligating prostatic ends with no. 1 silk suture (group E); electrocoagulation on ends of vas (group F), and open-ended without fascial interposition (group G). In the 2 years postvasectomy, 61 wives (2.57%) had at least 1 pregnancy. Sperm were still present in the semen of 27 of their vasectomized husbands at 2 years postvasectomy. Recanalization had occurred in 78 (3.29%) men overall. Among the 78 recanalization cases, 27 wives (34.6%) became pregnant (1.14% for the entire population). Group D cases whose vas ends were washed with phenol had a significantly higher reappearance rate of sperm than did those whose ends were washed with 95% ethanol (5.88% vs. 0; p .01). A significant difference in the reappearance rates of sperm in various technique groups occurred with group A having the lowest rate and group G having the highest rate (0.55% vs. 7.53%; p .0001). The reappearance rates for the 2 interposition groups were not statistically different (0.55% for group A and 2.63% for group C). Differences in the complication rates occurred (e.g., 0 for group A vs. 2.17% for group G; p .01). Based on these results, vasectomy plus interposition is the best vas occlusion technique.^ieng

Designing appropriate nutrition education for the Chinese: the urban and rural nutrition situation in Sichuan.

In the People's Republic of China, as in the West, diet has emerged as an important determinant of morbidity and mortality. In order to provide one of the bases for designing nutrition education, two nutrition knowledge-attitudes-practices surveys of adults aged 18-55 were conducted in 1989 in an urban (N = 1004) and a rural (N = 506) area of Sichuan. Nutrition knowledge levels were low in both sites, but lower in the rural site. Certain general nutrition concepts, such as the value of a varied diet, were reported correctly by over 50 per cent of the population in both areas. However, less than 10 per cent of the urban residents and only 3 per cent of the rural residents reported taking correct measures to prevent or delay cancer or heart disease. Dietary practices, elicited by a food frequency questionnaire, revealed large differences in consumption habits in the two areas. More than half of the urban respondents reported eating rice, vegetable oil, green vegetables, lean meat, and wheat on a daily basis, and other vegetables, pickles, fruit, eggs, soybean products, and meat fat on at least a weekly basis. However, the rural respondents reported eating only rice, vegetable oil, green vegetables, and other vegetables on a daily basis, and no additional foods on a weekly basis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Selecting for efficiency of egg production using food-consumption records in layer-type chickens.

1. The purpose of the experiment was to evaluate the use of food consumption records in selection to improve layer-type chickens. 2. Twelve subpopulations of Leghorns, including 5878 tested birds, were used in a selection experiment which lasted 5 generations. Four were selected using an index (I1) that combined information on body weight (BW), egg-mass output (EM), and individual food-consumption records (FC). Four were selected using an index (I2) that combined information just on BW and EM. The remaining 4 served as controls, with selection differentials set to zero in each generation. 3. Differences between the selected groups, control-corrected each generation, measured the "food-record effect". 4. Including food-consumption records in the selection criterion resulted in increased body weight (7%), reduction in food consumption (6 to 9%), increase in food efficiency (egg mass/food consumption) (2 to 5%), and increase in income over food costs (10%), relative to selection not involving food records.

Influences of refined konjac meal on the levels of tissue lipids and the absorption of four minerals in rats.

This paper reports a study on the hypocholesterolemic effect of the refined konjac meal (RKM) containing about 80% glucomannan prepared from the tubers of Amorphophallus konjac K. Koch. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats, 5 weeks old, were divided into five groups and fed a normal basal diet, a hypercholesterolemic diet (control diet), and three test diets (RKM added to the control diet at levels of 2.5, 5, and 10%, respectively) for 12 weeks. The results obtained indicate that RKM could markedly lower the cholesterol levels in the serum and the liver of rats eating hypercholesterolemic diets. At the end of the 4th week of feeding experiment, the serum cholesterol levels in the 5 and the 10% RKM groups and the liver cholesterol level in the 10% RKM group were significantly lower than those in the control groups. At the end of the 12th week, the serum cholesterol levels of all the three RKM groups were lowered to a normal level as was the liver cholesterol level of the 10% RKM group. The lipotropic effect of RKM was also confirmed by histopathologic examination of the livers. In addition to the hypocholesterolemic effects, RKM diets also increased stool bulk. Minor effects on the absorption and utilization of Ca, Fe, Zn, and Cu were found.

[An analysis of 26 cases of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia].

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a polymorphous malignant hematological stem cell disorder, characterized by abnormal hyperplasia of mature or immature cells of both monocytic and granulocytic series and with abnormal cellular morphology. It is an independent entity of chronic leukemia, as its prestage course is manifested by refractory anemia with monocytosis and the disease gradually evolves to CMML. In some cases, it finally becomes acute leukemia. In this study, the average white cell count of the patients was 29.3 x 10(9)/L.14 cases had leucocytosis, 7 leucopenia and 5 normal count. The absolute value of monocytes was 19 x 10(9)/L and the proportion of monocytes was 10-87%, with an average of 49%. In the leukopenic group with white cell count less than 4 x 10(9)/L, the absolute value of monocytes was less than 1 x 10(9)/L in 5 of the 7 cases. However, it was noticed that all the 5 cases had a proportion of monocytes greater than or equal to 10%. The authors would like to take this percentage as the diagnostic criteria for CMML, which is different from that adopted in FAB classification of 1982 as well as in the literatures. Statistics showed that P value of M/E, Mo/E, Mo/M were of apparent significance in the differentiation of CMML from normal controls and patients with other hematological diseases such as RA, RAEB, CML, CNL, M4 and M5.

[Purge of malignant cells from bone marrow by hematoporphyrin derivatives and light exposure in vitro].

During autologous bone marrow graft in treatment of malignant diseases, it is critical to purge malignant cells from the marrow. In the present study, the sensitivity to photodynamic inactivation of 3 leukemic cell lines was compared with their counterpart normal hematopoietic cells. After mouse leukemic L1210 cells were treated with a preparation of hematoporphyrin derivatives, YHpD, 10 micrograms/ml for 1 h and irradiated with black light (peak wavelength 395 nm, light intensity 0.6 mW/cm2) for 5 min, the survival rate of clonogenic cells decreased to less than 10%, while that of bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM) in DBA/2 mice remained at nearly normal level (greater than 80%). Similar results were obtained when human leukemic HL-60 cells were compared to human CFU-GM and mouse leukemic L615 cells to CFU-GM in 615 strain mice. It is suggested that hematoporphyrin photoradiation may be useful for selectivity killing leukemic cells in bone marrow.

Primary dapsone resistance in China.

Ninety-seven strains of Mycobacterium leprae recovered from patients with previously untreated multibacillary leprosy were tested for dapsone susceptibility. The specimens originated from Shanghai Municipality, Jiang-su Province and Fu-jian Province. Approximately 28% of the strains either did not infect the mice or the results of susceptibility were inconclusive due to the low proportion of viable organisms in the bacterial populations. Among the 70 strains in which dapsone susceptibility could be tested in mice, 31 (44%) strains were found with primary dapsone resistance. Although the majority of the primary dapsone resistant strains were shown to be of a low- or intermediate-degree, one-sixth of them were of high-degree resistance.

[A clinical study on myelodysplastic syndrome. Report of 64 cases].

Systematic clinical and laboratory observations of 64 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) were made. The results showed that malignant clone already exists in the bone marrow of patients with MDS. Eighteen cases of them have transformed into AML. The rates of transforming into AML in RAEB, RAEB-T and CMML were markedly higher than that in RA. The courses of MDS which transformed into AML from the various types were different. The transformation in RA was obviously longer than those in RAEB and RAEB-T. Two cases transformed into myelofibrosis. Diagnosis of CMML according to the FAB classification criteria revealed that it has two forms. One shows only increase of mature monocytes and it has no relation with the types of acute leukemia to be transformed. It is considered as a reactive monocytosis. The other form, in addition to increase of mature monocytes, also has increase of a few monoblasts and promonocytes. These are considered as true CMML and usually quickly developed into M4 or M5 which are related with monocytes.