Cytogenetics of uterine sarcomas: presentation of eight new cases and review of the literature.

Tissue from 14 uterine tumor samples from eight patients-four with endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS), two with leiomyosarcoma (ULMS), and two with malignant mixed mesodermal tumor (MMMT)-were investigated cytogenetically after short-term culturing. Clonal chromosome aberrations were found in 12 tumors. One ESS showed a recombination between 7p14 and 17q12, a rearrangement characterizing a subset of ESSs. In our series, chromosomes 1, 6, 7, and 16 were involved in structural aberrations most frequently (four cases each). Net loss of 6q material was found in four cases and bands 11q13, 16q13, and 22q13 were each rearranged in four cases. Among 43 uterine sarcomas, including 12 MMTs, now available for evaluation, some differences in breakpoint distribution among different tumor types were found. Rearrangements of bands 1p32, 3p24, and 10q22 were found exclusively in ULMS, whereas aberrations of bands 6p21, 7p21, and 17q12 were found predominantly in ESS.

Is nitric oxide and heparin treatment justified in inflammatory bowel disease? An experimental study.

Microcirculatory disturbances of the colon may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of the study was to investigate the alterations of rectal blood perfusion in experimental colitis with reference to nitric oxide and heparin treatment. The study was carried out on 36 rats, divided into six groups: group I, control; group II, control + NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA); group III, colitis without treatment; group IV, colitis + L-arginine; group V, colitis + L-NNA; group VI, colitis + heparin treatment. Experimental colitis was induced by 4% acetic acid enema, and 48 h after the enema, besides the measurement of rectal capillary blood flow by means of laser Doppler flowmetry, the serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) level and histopathological alterations within the rectal mucosa were examined. Experimental colitis resulted in a drop in rectal wall perfusion. L-Arginine and heparin treatment improved the microcirculatory values. The highest IL-6 level and the most advanced histopathological alterations were observed in the rats treated with L-NNA. L-Arginine treatment had no influence on IL-6 concentration, however it aggravated the inflammatory changes within the rectal mucosa. Heparin administration reduced the IL-6 values and also had a positive impact on the microscopic alterations within the rectal wall. It is concluded that heparin treatment has a beneficial effect on the microcirculatory disturbances and inflammatory changes observed in experimental colitis. The inhibition of nitric oxide-synthase aggravated the course of experimental colitis. L-Arginine administration improves the rectal blood flow but aggravates the histopathological alterations within the rectal wall.

[Morphometric analysis of the human placenta in physiologic term pregnancy]. / Morfometria lozyska ludzkiego w ciazy fizjologicznej, donoszonej.

Thirty placentas (after physiological deliveries of full term pregnancies) were morphometrically examined. Computer aided analysis of microscopic picture was used in those examinations. Measurements of terminal villi and epithelial plates were underwent. The efficiency of measuring methods was confirmed in morphometric examinations. The area of metabolic transport in placental plates was estimated to 1,222 m2. The results of measurements may constitute the basis for further examinations on morphology placenta.

Trisomy of chromosome 12 in a case of thecoma of the ovary.

Cytogenetic analysis was performed after short-term tissue culture of a thecoma of the ovary. Trisomy of chromosome 12 was revealed as the sole chromosome abnormality. This is the first report of a chromosomal aberration in thecoma of the ovary.

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata in a fetus.

A case of a female fetus born with multiple developmental defects and leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is reported. The authors suspect that similar etiologic factors may be responsible for both the developmental defects and LPD.

Cartilaginous teratoma of the ovary.

A case of ovarian teratoma of unique differentiation in a woman of 35 years is reported. Within the histologic structure of the tumor there is predominated cartilaginous tissue with signs of nuclear atypia. The microscopic appearance of the tumor resembled structures seen in chondroblastoma embryonale or even chondrosarcoma. Despite of cellular atypica there are no symptoms of malignant clinical course.

Influence of 1-(alkylamino)silatranes and isoniazid on the antitumor activity of cyclophosphamide in mice bearing Sa 180 tumors.

It was the aim of our investigations to increase the antitumor activity of cyclophosphamide. Therefore we applied a combined treatment with silatranes and isoniazid in relation 1:20:1. The effects were directed against a transplantable sarcoma 180. The parablastomatous invasive zone and the regional lymph nodes draining an implanted tumor were taken for the histochemical and morphological studies. The doses ranged from 50 to 175 mg of body mass. The combined derivatives inhibited tumor growth by 70% in relation to the control. The authors connect the limitation of tumor progression in the applied experimental model in mice with the active response of T dependent zone of the regional lymph nodes, the rebuilding of stroma within the borderline invasive zone and the changes within the composition of cellular immune response of the peritumor tissue.

Antitumor activity of 1-nitro-9-aminoacridine derivatives.

Results of studies on the antitumor activity of 26 newly synthetized 1-nitro-9-aminoacridine derivatives by means of in vitro and in vivo tests are presented. 15 derivatives among those showed repeated activity against the sarcoma growth. There were compounds with alkylaminopropyl chains, with hydroxyalkyl-aminoalkyl chains and also with hydroxyalkyl chains on amino group of 1-nitro-9-aminoacridine molecule. The other compounds with aminoacids in position 9 of 1-nitroacridine were active at higher doses. The remaining 7 compounds did not show any antitumor activity. Some aspects of the cellular antineoplastic response, as well as the morphologic appearance of the tumor invasion zone, were studied in comparison with the results of the screening tests. It seems that apart from the structural similarity each derivative has an individual influence on the host reactivity during the tumor growth.

[Histological, morphometric and topochemical analysis of placentas from pregnancies with EPH Gestosis (author's transl)]. / Histologische, morphometrische und topochemische Analyse der Plazenten von Schwangerschaften bei EPH-Gestose.

The authors' studies have shown three pathological phenomena to be predominant in placentas of women with EPH gestosis: disappearance of acid mucosubstance from wall of spiral arteries, reduction of ATPase, 5-Nase, and aP activities on apical and basal surfaces of terminal villi, and numerical increase as well as de-differentiation of trophoblastic nodes. Vulnerability of vascular walls to the action of vasodepressive factors is aggravated, according to the authors, in cases of complicated gestosis in which aMPS levels in the muscular membranes of spiral arteries are inadequate.

Search for antitumor compounds. XIII. Biological studies. Antitumor properties of 20 quinolines, carbazoles, acridines nitro derivatives.

Results of the studies on antitumor activity of 20 acridines and related compounds (19 of them were new) in Sa-180-bearing mice are presented. Only several of these compounds i.e. C-258, C-829, C-874, and C-899(21) appeared to inhibit the Sa-180 growth; the activity of the two other compounds (C-783(21) and C-755(21)) requires confirmation in further experiments. The remaining 14 compounds were inactive. Some other general effects exerted by the compounds tested in Sa-180-bearing mice and some aspects of the structure-activity relationship are discussed.

The composition of cellular interaction in the parablastomatous connective tissue in the stage I A and I B of cervical cancer.

The authors carried out an analysis of the composition of cellular interaction in the stroma of the stage I A and I B of the cervical cancer in 177 patients. The results of the investigation indicate that the composition of the reaction depends on the biologic state of cancerous tissue, the way of its proliferation and the structure of parablastomatous connective tissue. The interaction in the stroma of cancer with progressive growth is inhibited on the level of low-differentiated lymphocytes and monocytes. In the cancer with chronic progressive growth containing fibrogenic type stroma aggregations of plasmacytes were predominant. The fields built of myxoid stroma were deprived of cellular reaction. The cancer containing basement-membrane-like structures was characterised by high-differentiated lymphocytes and plasmocytes equal ratio, the presence of mature macrophages and segmentary regression of neoplastic cells. In the parablastomatous connective tissue of microinvasive cancer there was a direct contact of neoplastic cells with adequately reactive lymphocytes and macrophages.

[Pregestational secretory change in endometrium in infertility (author's transl)]. / Das Bild sekretorischer Vorschwangerschaftsumwandlungen im Endometrium bei Infertilität.

The degree of secretory transformation in connection with infertility was studied by morphologico-histochemical analysis. The results seem to provide evidence to the effect that severe secretory insufficiency of surface epithelium is the major pathological phenomenon recordable from the endometrium in cases of infertility. Defective function of epithelial oestrogen receptors and disorders in endometrial regeneration during one cycle have to be taken into consideration regarding the pathogenesis of segmental insufficiency of secretory endometrial transformation. More elucidation will depend, last but not least, on immunological response which often lies within all endometrial strata.

Stages of the development of immunologic response in regional lymph nodes draining breast cancer.

During the studies of regional lymph nodes originating from 50 patients with breast cancer, there were distinguished four stages in development of immune response. The first, stage of induction of the response concerned patients with non-infiltrating carcinoma. The second stage of the active immune response was observed in 1/3 of the patients with infiltrating cancer without metastases. In these cases, in the pattern of regional lymph nodes predominated medium sized lymphocytes within the thymus-dependent inner cortex, while in outer areas there was an increased number of small active follicles. Within the sinusoidal structures there predominated proliferating prohistiocytes growing in interaction with small lymphocytes. The third stage of immune response was characterized by weak activity and progressive cortical strophy of the lymph nodes and it was observed in 2/3 of the patients with invasive cancer. The fourth stage of immunologic response concerned the patients with minute-metastases within the regional lymph nodes. In these cases one group of the lymph nodes showed unstimulated pattern while the other a highly stimulated pattern with the presence of giant follicles.

Morphogenesis of cerebral matrix ectopies in human fetus and newborn.

The subject of investigations was genesis of periventricular, cerebral matrix ectopies in human fetuses and newborns. The morphologic and histochemical analysis concerned the embryonal elements of the ventricular wall: namely neuroepithelium with membrana limitans externa and suporficial layer of the germinal matrix. It has been distinguished four stages in the development of ectopic changes: 1) atrophy of neuroepithelium, 2) superficial necrobiosis with disruption of membrana limitans externa, 3) egsophytic neuroglial ectopies with organization or sequestration within the ventricular light, 4) neuroeptithelial inclusions in the periventricular zone. The disclosed, destructive changes in superficial layers of the germinal matrix as well as their glial organization suggested that reparative processes that could be an evidence of the passed perinatal hypoxia occur in the ventricular light.

A search for antitumor compounds. XII. Biologic studies. Antitumor properties of 12 new 1-nitro-9alkylaminoalkylaminoacridines.

Results of the studies on antitumor activity of 12 new 1-nitro-9-alkylaminoalkylaminacridines in mice bearing Sa-180 are presented. Only one of these compounds, viz. C-846 was active repeatedly in Sa-180 test; the activity of 5 other compounds tested (C-845, C-848, C-852, C-865 and C-866) requires further elucidation by means of new tests with Sa-180. The remaining 6 compounds were inactive. Some other general effects in mice bearing Sa-180 and some aspects of the structure-activity relationship are discussed.

Stages of development of immunologic response in the regional lymph nodes in invasive cancer of the uterine cervix.

In a review of histologic sections of regional lymph nodes removed during surgery in the course of invasive cancer of the uterine cervix from 84 patients there have been distinguished four basic stages of immunologic response. Active immune response (I and II stage) was detected in all patients with non-metastatic cancer and minimal stromal invasion and 41% of patients with advanced invasion. The regional lymph nodes, in these cases, exhibited increased number of small primary or secondary lymph follicles, proliferative sinus histiocytosis and expanded thymus--dependent inner cortex. In 59% of the patients with invasive cancer but without metastases the regional lymph nodes showed weak reactive capacities (III stage). In cases with minimal metastases the immune response was dissociated (IV stage). One group of lymph nodes showed an unstimulated pattern and others a high stimulated pattern.