[Nutrition Demand and Care of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery].

The increasing prevalence of obesity and comorbid conditions worldwide requires the development of effective strategies for both treatment and prevention. In recent years, bariatric surgery has emerged as the most effective weight-loss therapy for individuals affected by moderate and morbid obesity. Behavioral alterations in eating patterns and anatomical and physiological modifications to the gastrointestinal organs may result in significant deficiencies in protein and micronutrients such as iron, folate, Vitamin B12, and thiamin. Many individuals with obesity have already-existing nutritional deficiencies before receiving bariatric procedures. The preoperative screening for and correction of micronutrient deficiencies preoperatively are crucial, as these deficiencies may be further exacerbated by the bariatric procedures. Because a balanced diet is key to successful weight loss at all stages of treatment, after the operation, patients should consume a diet that is low calorie and rich in protein, choose foods of the proper volume and consistency, and drink an appropriate amount of fluids. Maintaining a proper diet will enable patients to avoid unpleasant sensations after surgery and improve the phenomenon of inadequate nutritional needs.

Association of Serum Zinc Concentration with Preservation of Renal Function After Bariatric Surgery: a Retrospective Pilot Study.

BACKGROUND: Although serum zinc level (Zn) is known to impact renal function in patients with diabetes, their correlation following bariatric surgery remains unknown. This study aimed at assessing the association of Zn with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). METHODS: One hundred and twenty-nine patients in total (mean age, 38.1 ± 10.8; body mass index, 39.1 ± 5.1 kg/m2) with normal preoperative kidney function undergoing LSG at a single tertiary referral center were reviewed. The primary study endpoint was the relationship between Zn and post-LSG eGFR at 12-month follow-up. The secondary outcomes were the associations of percentage weight loss (%WL) with changes in Zn (△Zn) and eGFR (△eGFR). RESULTS: The incidence of zinc deficiency was 8.5%, 8.1%, and 29.9% at baseline, post-LSG and one- and 12-month follow-up, respectively. At 12-month follow-up, Zn dropped from 104.1 ± 19.2 to 85.3 ± 38.9 µg/dL (p = 0.001), while eGFR levels decreased from 106.6 ± 10.3 to 102.1 ± 19.4 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (p = 0.025). Zn correlated positively with eGFR at 6-month (r = 0.252, p = 0.037) and 12-month (r = 0.41, p = 0.001) follow-ups. Multiple linear regression analyses including baseline variables of age, sex, BMI, %WL, and diabetes identified Zn and %WL as independent predictors of eGFR at 12-month follow-up. There was no evidence of multicollinearity among these variables. Despite positive association between %WL and △eGFR (r = 0.222, p = 0.031), no correlation was noted between %WL and △Zn (r = - 0.129, p = 0.40). CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated a positive relationship between post-LSG serum zinc levels and preservation of renal function among patients with obesity in a surgical setting. Large-scale studies are warranted to support the findings.