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1.
Front Mol Biosci ; 9: 1063551, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36339724

RESUMO

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.864039.].

2.
Microsc Microanal ; : 1-14, 2022 May 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35644608

RESUMO

Due to the lack of research between the inner layers in the structure of colonic mucous and the metabolism of fatty acid in the constipation model, we aim to determine the changes in the mucous phenotype of the colonic glycocalyx and the microbial community structure following treatment with Rhubarb extract in our research. The constipation and treatment models are generated using adult male C57BL/6N mice. We perform light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to detect a Muc2-rich inner mucus layer attached to mice colon under different conditions. In addition, 16S rDNA sequencing is performed to examine the intestinal flora. According to TEM images, we demonstrate that Rhubarb can promote mucin secretion and find direct evidence of dendritic structure-linked mucus structures with its assembly into a lamellar network in a pore size distribution in the isolated colon section. Moreover, the diversity of intestinal flora has noticeable changes in constipated mice. The present study characterizes a dendritic structure and persistent cross-links have significant changes accompanied by the alteration of intestinal flora in feces in models of constipation and pretreatment with Rhubarb extract.

3.
Front Mol Biosci ; 9: 864039, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35558563

RESUMO

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α is a ligand-activated transcription factor distributed in various tissues and cells. It regulates lipid metabolism and plays vital roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular system. However, its roles in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are relatively less known. In this review, after summarizing the expression profile of PPAR-α in the GIT, we analyzed its functions in the GIT, including physiological control of the lipid metabolism and pathologic mediation in the progress of inflammation. The mechanism of this regulation could be achieved <i>via</i> interactions with gut microbes and further impact the maintenance of body circadian rhythms and the secretion of nitric oxide. These are also targets of PPAR-α and are well-described in this review. In addition, we also highlighted the potential use of PPAR-α in treating GIT diseases and the inadequacy of clinical trials in this field.

4.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) ; 12: 721198, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34552561

RESUMO

GLP-1 is derived from intestinal L cells, which takes effect through binding to GLP-1R and is inactivated by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). Since its discovery, GLP-1 has emerged as an incretin hormone for its facilitation in insulin release and reduction of insulin resistance (IR). However, GLP-1 possesses broader pharmacological effects including anti-inflammation, neuro-protection, regulating blood pressure (BP), and reducing lipotoxicity. These effects are interconnected to the physiological and pathological processes of Alzheimer's disease (AD), hypertension, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Currently, the underlying mechanism of these effects is still not fully illustrated and a better understanding of them may help identify promising therapeutic targets of AD, hypertension, and NASH. Therefore, we focus on the biological characteristics of GLP-1, render an overview of the mechanism of GLP-1 effects in diseases, and investigate the potential of GLP-1 analogues for the treatment of related diseases in this review.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Peptídeo 1 Semelhante ao Glucagon/fisiologia , Hipertensão , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Doença de Alzheimer/etiologia , Doença de Alzheimer/patologia , Doença de Alzheimer/terapia , Animais , Peptídeo 1 Semelhante ao Glucagon/análogos & derivados , Peptídeo 1 Semelhante ao Glucagon/farmacologia , Humanos , Hipertensão/etiologia , Hipertensão/patologia , Hipertensão/terapia , Incretinas/metabolismo , Redes e Vias Metabólicas/efeitos dos fármacos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/etiologia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/patologia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/terapia
5.
Cells ; 10(3)2021 03 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33800865

RESUMO

Dendritic cells (DCs), including conventional DCs (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), serve as the sentinel cells of the immune system and are responsible for presenting antigen information. Moreover, the role of DCs derived from monocytes (moDCs) in the development of inflammation has been emphasized. Several studies have shown that the function of DCs can be influenced by gut microbes including gut bacteria and viruses. Abnormal changes/reactions in intestinal DCs are potentially associated with diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and intestinal tumors, allowing DCs to be a new target for the treatment of these diseases. In this review, we summarized the physiological functions of DCs in the intestinal micro-environment, their regulatory relationship with intestinal microorganisms and their regulatory mechanism in intestinal diseases.


Assuntos
Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/imunologia , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/genética , Neoplasias Intestinais/genética , Intestinos/imunologia , Monócitos/imunologia , Animais , Antígenos CD/genética , Antígenos CD/imunologia , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular , Linhagem da Célula/genética , Linhagem da Célula/imunologia , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/imunologia , Células Dendríticas/classificação , Células Dendríticas/citologia , Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Tolerância Imunológica , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/imunologia , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/microbiologia , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/patologia , Neoplasias Intestinais/imunologia , Neoplasias Intestinais/microbiologia , Neoplasias Intestinais/patologia , Intestinos/citologia , Intestinos/microbiologia , Camundongos , Monócitos/citologia , Transdução de Sinais
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