Bullying Victims' Perceived Social Support and Psychological Health and Prosocial Behavior: A Latent Profile Analysis.

The literature on school bullying and perceived social support primarily relies on variable-centered approaches, investigating the independent effects of individual sources of social support. However, victims of school bullying perceive different combinations of levels of social support from multiple sources. Hence, there lacks a holistic person-centered examination of the joint effects of multiple sources of social support. The study surveyed 915 bullying victims (51.9% boys, 48.1% girls; Mage = 13.52, SD = 0.75). Latent profile analysis identified five profiles of social support across five sources (i.e., parents, teachers, classmates, close friends, and online-only friends): online-offline supported adolescents, offline supported adolescents, moderately supported adolescents, close friend supported adolescents, and unsupported. The five social support profiles were associated differently with bullying victims' demographic characteristics (i.e., age, gender, and socioeconomic status), frequency of victimization, psychological health (i.e., subjective well-being, depression, and anxiety), and prosocial behavior. The findings support the heterogenous nature of social support perceived by bullying victims and offer insights into more tailored interventions aimed at promoting the development victims in different subgroups.

Referring students for professional psychological help: A qualitative study of teachers' experience in Hong Kong.

Teachers have frequent interaction with students and are well positioned to refer students for mental health assistance when needed. Twelve secondary schoolteachers in Hong Kong were interviewed about their experience referring students to mental health professionals (MHPs). Using consensual qualitative research, multiple factors were found to influence teachers' referral decisions, including problem severity, students' willingness, stigma of help-seeking, parent/guardian's beliefs, teacher-parent/guardian relationship, MHPs' effectiveness and availability, quality of interaction with MHPs, and teachers' self-efficacy in handling student issues. Based on the findings, we propose a conceptual model of factors influencing teachers' referral decisions. Implications for research, practice, and training are discussed.

Industrial-scale composting of swine manure with a novel additive-yellow phosphorus slag: Variation in maturity indicators, compost quality and phosphorus speciation.

Composting experiment of swine manure, adding with yellow phosphorus slag(YPS) at 5% (w/w), was conducted in an industrial-scale reactor covered with semi-permeable membrane. During 27 days of composting, the changes in temperature, compost quality and phosphorus(P) speciation of products were monitored. Results indicated that the temperature of compost pile was sharply increased on day 2, and the thermophilic period lasted for 15 days. The dynamics in germination index(GI), pH, nutrient contents, etc. of products were in line with conventional composting process. For P distribution, the contents of total-P and citric acid extracted-P(CAP) of products were increased during composting, while that of Olsen-P was decreased. HCl extracted inorganic P(HCl-Pi), a slowly release fraction of P, was dominated in the product, which showed an increasing trend during the composting. These results suggest that the industrial-scale composting with novel YPS additive can be accomplished, and its product contains abundant slowly released P.

The Application of Chitosan and Its Derivatives as Nanosized Carriers for the Delivery of Chemical Drugs and Genes or Proteins.

The carrier technology provides an intelligent approach for drug delivery by entrapping the drug into a carrier, such as nanoparticles, microspheres, hydrogels, and so on, which can increase the bioavailability of drug, enhance targeting, reduce toxicity and side effects of drug. The polysaccharides, e.g., chitosan and its derivatives, as carriers for delivery of chemical drugs and genes or proteins were summed up herein.