5-Methylcytosine-Related Long Noncoding RNAs Are Potential Biomarkers to Predict Overall Survival and Regulate Tumor-Immune Environment in Patients with Bladder Cancer.

The role of 5-methylcytosine-related long noncoding RNAs (m5C-lncRNAs) in bladder cancer (BLCA) remains unclear. Here, we aim to study the prognostic value, gene expression characteristics, and correlation between the m5C-lncRNA risk model and the tumor microenvironment, immune infiltration, and tumor mutations in BLCA. After collecting BLCA patient RNA sequence transcriptome data, clinical information and mutation data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, 17 m5C-related lncRNAs independently correlated with OS were obtained by Lasso and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and a risk model was constructed. Univariate Cox, multivariate Cox regression analysis, and the C-index curve proved that the risk model was a significant independent prognostic indicator for patients with BLCA. ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT indicated that the higher the number of immune cells and stromal cells in TME, the higher the prognostic risk. We found that in the low-risk group, the expression levels of immune cells that predicted a good prognosis were higher, including plasma cells, regulatory T cells, and CD 8 T cells. There is a negative correlation between TMB and risk score. The TMB of the low-risk group is significantly higher than that of the high-risk group. In conclusion, the m5C-related risk model is crucial to predict the prognosis of patients with BLCA.

[Study on percutaneous absorption of Xuetie Dingchuan Plaster].

OBJECTIVE: To filtrate prescription of the adhesive plaster, kind and amount of percutaneous absorption reagent, etc. METHODS: In vitro percutaneous absorption of Xuetie Dingchuan Plaster was studied by HPLC using magnolin as the content of the marker substance, in the condition of equal effective component of samples, drawing graphs with time as abscissa and area of peak as ordinate. RESULTS: 40% ethanol was used as receptor liquid, prescription with Polyethylene Glycol 6000 as bases, azone as percutaneous absorption reagent. The amount of azone was 1.8%. CONCLUSION: The prescription of Xuetie Dingchuan Plaster, with 1.8% azone as percutaneous absorption reagent, and Polyethylene Glycol 6000 as bases, is preferable.

[Copper ion electrochemistry in treatment of bleeding and prolapse due to hemorrhoid, experimental and clinical studies].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of copper ion electrochemistry (CIE) in treatment of bleeding and prolapse due to hemorrhoid. METHODS: Bleeding was caused at several points on the sacrospinal muscles of 26 rabbits. Routine hemostasis was used at one side (control side) and CIE was used on the opposite side (experimental side). The stanch times at the different sides were recorded. Then the rabbits were killed. Pathological examination was made to the lung, liver, and kidney to observe the amount of small thrombus and inflammation. CIE was performed at the right side of anus of 6 dogs and the right side was used as control side. Tissue specimens of rabbit muscle and dog anus mucosa were collected to examine the copper ion concentration. A copper needle was inserted into each pile to the depth of 10 - 15 mm for 4'40" (with the mean number of treated points of 9.8) upon 202 patients suffering from bleeding due to hemorrhoid, 79 with inner hemorrhoids and 123 patients with mixed hemorrhoids (experimental group). Another 171 patients suffering from bleeding due to hemorrhoid, 64 with inner hemorrhoids and 107 with mixed hemorrhoids were treated with suppository as controls. CEI was performed on 128 patients suffering from prolapse of hemorrhoid, 41 with inner hemorrhoids and 87 with mixed hemorrhoids (experimental group). Another 115 patients suffering from prolapse of hemorrhoid, 40 with inner hemorrhoids and 75 with mixed hemorrhoids were treated with suppository as controls. Biopsy specimens of anus mucosa were taken from 18 patients with mixed hemorrhoid who underwent CIE. The copper ion concentration was measured in 30 patients undergoing CIE. RESULTS: The stanch time in the experimental side of rabbit was (1.16 +/- 0.18) min, significantly shorter than that in the control side [(2.13 +/- 0.46) min, P = 0.0037]. Extensive small thrombi and edema of vascular wall were seen in the rabbit liver, lung, kidney, and muscle tissues in comparison with the tissues of the control side (P < 0.01). Copper ion complex was seen in the experimental rabbit tissues. The copper ion concentration was significantly higher in the experimental area of dog anus mucosa than in the control area. Clinical study showed that after CIE the curative rate for bleeding was 95.5%, significantly higher than that of the control group (8.8%, U = 44.6, P < 0.001). The curative rate for prolapse in the experimental group was 60.8%, significantly higher than that of the control group (20.9%, U = 313.2, P < 0.01). No patient felt pain while treated and later. After the CIE treatment, the patients only needed to take a rest for 4 hours. Pathology showed there were much more small thrombi in the treated tissues. The blood copper ion concentration in the trial group did not increase significantly after CIE in comparison with that before treatment. CONCLUSION: CIE is safe, effective and easy to perform in treatment of bleeding and prolapse due to hemorrhoid.