Quetiapine-related acute lung injury: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Quetiapine, known as a non-classical antipsychotic drug, is frequently used for the treatment of mental diseases, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Acute lung injury, a rarely reported side effect of quetiapine, is described in this case report. CASE SUMMARY: Due to terminal delirium, a 66-year-old man took a large dose of quetiapine and then developed severe pulmonary disease. His symptoms were not resolved after routine treatment, such as antibiotics, diuretic, and supportive therapies. Quetiapine-related acute lung injury was therefore suspected and hormonal therapy was initiated. Subsequently, his symptoms were alleviated and the radiological results improved dramatically. CONCLUSION: Our findings in the present report highlight a potential adverse effect of quetiapine, drug-related acute lung injury, which deserves awareness in clinical practice.

Upregulated Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 7 in Peripheral Blood Basophils of Patients With Allergic Rhinitis.

BACKGROUND: Recently, it has been reported that Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonists can improve allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms by up-regulation of Th1 cytokine release and suppression of Th2 cell functions. However, little is known of the expression of TLR7 in basophils of AR. OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of TLR7 in basophils of AR, and influence of allergens on TLR7 expression. METHODS: The expression levels of TLR7 in basophils of patients with AR were determined by flow cytometry, and the influence of allergens on TLR7 expression was examined by real time (q) PCR. RESULTS: The percentages of TLR7+CCR3+ cells (P < 0.001 and P = 0.011), TLR7+CD123+HLA-DR- cells (P = 0 .016 and P = 0.042) and TLR7+CCR3+CD123+HLA-DR- cells (P = 0.046 and P = 0.035) in blood granulocyte and mononucleated cell populations of the patients with AR were increased, respectively compared with HC subjects. TLR7 MFI on CCR3+ cells (P = 0.050 and P = 0.043), CD123+HLA-DR- cells (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002) and CCR3+CD123+HLA-DR- cells (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003) were enhanced compared with HC subjects. Allergens Der p1 and OVA provoked upregulation of TLR7 expression at both protein and mRNA levels and IL-13 production in KU812 cells. House Dust Mite extract (HDME), Artemisia sieversiana wild allergen extract (ASWE), IL-31, IL-33, IL-37, and TSLP provoked elevation of IL-6 release from KU812 cells following 2 h incubation period. CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of TLR7+ basophils and TLR7 expression intensity in a single basophil are both increased in the blood of patients with AR, indicating that basophils likely contribute to the pathogenesis of AR via TLR7.

Upregulation of the expression of Toll-like receptor 9 in basophils in patients with allergic rhinitis: An enhanced expression by allergens.

It was reported that the expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 may be related to Th2-type allergic inflammation including allergic rhinitis (AR). However, little is known about the expression of TLR9 in the basophils in AR. In the present study, the expression of TLR9 was examined by flow cytometry analysis, and the expression of TLR9 mRNA in KU812 was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that the percentage of TLR9+ CCR3+ cells in blood granulocytes increased by 46% in patients with AR, but not in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Allergens namely Dermatophagoide allergen extract (DAE) and Platanus pollen allergen extract (PPAE) upregulated the expression of TLR9 in CCR3+ granulocytes by 76% and 84%, respectively. DAE and PPAE also enhanced the proportions of TLR9+ CD123+ HLA-DR- cells and TLR9+ CCR3+ CD123+ HLA-DR- cells in granulocytes and PBMCs of patients with AR. In order to investigate the actions of allergens on basophils, KU812 cells were used. It was observed that all KU812 cells expressed TLR9, and the expression intensity of TLR9 in a single KU812 cell was elevated by CpG. IL-37, IL-31, IL-33, Artemisia sieversiana wild allergen extract (ASWAE), DAE, OVA and Der p 1 induced an increase in the expression of TLR9 mRNA and IL-6 production in KU812 cells. It was shown that the percentage of TLR9-expressing basophils increased in the blood of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice. In conclusion, an increased expression of TLR9 and the production of IL-6 in basophils implicate that the contribution of basophils to AR is likely via TLR9.

[The comparison study of glaucoma trabeculectomy applying amniotic membrane or mitomycin C].

PURPOSE: To probe the results of trabeculectomy with human amniotic membrane (HAM) or mitomycin(MMC) in the treatment of glaucoma. METHODS: In a randomized control clinical trial, 48 eyes of 28 glaucoma patients were divided into two groups, each group has 24 eyes, and each group was divided into two sub-groups according to the age. The former was underwent trabeculectomy with HAM transplanted, the later was administrated intra operatively with MMC, 0.2-0.4mg/ml, for 2-4 minutes, the follow-up was 6 months. RESULTS: The operation success rate of both groups was higher than the standard trabeculectomy, and the difference between the two groups was not significant. Complications induced by HAM were mainly shallow anterior chamber, whereas by MMC were thin wall bleb, bleb leaking, persistent hypotony and hypotonous maculopathy. CONCLUSION: Application properly HAM or MMC can improved the operation success rate, maintain the functional bleb long time and decreased the complications.

Clinic analysis of Behçet disease.

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinic manifestation and prognosis of Behçet disease. METHOD: Twenty patients requiring inpatient treatment with Behçet disease were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The morbidity of Behçet disease is 5.5/100 000. In the systemic damage, stomatocace and skin lesion are 95%, eye lesion and genital ulcer 50%, joint lesion 45%, gastrointestinal lesion 35%, Uveitis is the major disease in eye lesion, and followed in order by retinal vasculitis and obstruction of retinal artery. Attack age average 30.3 years old. Diagnosis age average 34.8 years old. The patients stay in hospital for 41 days on the average. Cure rate is 55%, improvement rate 40%, blinding rate of eye lesion is 36%. CONCLUSIONS: Behçet disease is a multisystem lesion disease. Stomatocace and skin lesion is the major lesion, the next in common occurrence are eye and genital lesions. Repeated attack of uveitis, complicated cataract and secondary glaucoma are the major causes of blindness.

[Application of amnion membrane transplantation combine with mitomycin C in the treatment of pterygium].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of combining amniotic membrane transplantation with mitomycin C to prevent the recurrence in primary pterygium surgery. METHOD: Forty eyes were simply excised pterygium and were applied with amniotic membrane transplantation with 0.2 mg/ml mitomycin. RESULT: Following up 6 to 18 months, the rate of recurrence is 3%. CONCLUSION: Applying amniotic membrane transplantation with mitomycin in operation can decrease pterygium recurrence, and no serious complication happens.

Clinical study on ocular trauma in children.

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of ocular trauma in children and put forward the major treatment and prevention of ocular trauma in children. METHODS: To analyze the clinical data by 77 eyes in 77 cases of ocular trauma in children from April 1999 to February 2002. RESULTS: The male and female were in the ratio of 2.21:1. Right eye ocular traumas were more than left ones. Ocular penetrating trauma was 83.12% and blunt trauma 12.99%. 41 cases (53.25%) were injured by themselves while 33 cases by others. 90.91% patients came from the countryside. CONCLUSION: The rate of blindness of children with ocular trauma could be reduced by prompt treatment. The study indicated that ocular trauma preventive publicity should be faced in the countryside in order to improve the understanding of the severity of ocular trauma and treat it as a social problem.