RESUMO
CONCLUSIONS: The GlideScope® Video Laryngoscope (GVL) provides a successful method for obtaining adequate visualization of the larynx in patients with difficult laryngeal exposure (DLE). Although the GVL is far from an ideal laryngoscope for laryngeal surgery because of its low image quality and narrow curved operation space, valuable concepts regarding its development can be used for designing a new laryngoscope specifically for otolaryngology. OBJECTIVE: DLE is a problem characterized by poor visualization of the larynx due to a combination of anatomic and clinical conditions. With respect to DLE, no consensus has been reached as to which alternative method should be used when direct laryngoscopy fails. This study focused on the management of DLE cases using the GVL to achieve adequate laryngeal exposure for phonosurgery. METHODS: We used the GVL in conjunction with a set of specially designed endolaryngeal instruments in six cases for which traditional rigid laryngoscopy could not provide visualization of the larynx. RESULTS: Using the GVL, full visualization of the larynx was obtained in all patients with minimal need for excessive internal or external pressure. Manipulations to remove simple lesions or perform a biopsy were carried out successfully. All of the surgeries were completed with excellent visualization and without any major complications.
Assuntos
Laringoscópios , Laringe/cirurgia , Gravação em Vídeo/instrumentação , Distúrbios da Voz/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Edema Laríngeo/diagnóstico , Edema Laríngeo/cirurgia , Neoplasias Laríngeas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Laríngeas/cirurgia , Laringe/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Papiloma/diagnóstico , Papiloma/cirurgia , Pólipos/diagnóstico , Pólipos/cirurgia , Instrumentos CirúrgicosRESUMO
Seventy-five preschool children with hemoglobin content below 11 g/dl in kindergartens and nurseries were divided into five groups. The first, second and third groups were given 10 mg, 20 mg and 30 mg of iron in the form of ferrous sulfate syrup respectively every day for two months, while the fourth and fifth groups were given 100 mg ascorbic acid and 100 mg ascorbic acid plus 10 mg iron respectively every day for one month. The average hemoglobin content in the order of the five groups were 9.6?1.16, 10.6?1.34, 9.7?0.91, 9.7?0.85 and 11.0?1.86 g/dl respectively before treatment. After 1-2 months of iron or ascorbic acid therapy, the average hemoglobin contents raised to 12.0?.31, 12.0?1.06, 12.0?0.79, 11.0?1.86 and 12.7?1.37 g/dl respectively. There were highly significant differences (P
