Influence and predictive value of systemic immune inflammation,fibrinogen and triglyceride glucose index on diabetic kidney disease / 中国糖尿病杂志

Objective To investigate the influence and predictive value of systemic immune inflammation(SII),fibrinogen(Fib)and triglyceride glucose index(TyG)on the risk of diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Methods A total of 1073 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)admitted to The Endocrinology Department of Hebei Yiling Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University were enrolled in this study from January 2020 to December 2022.All the patients were divided into two groups according to the urinary protein creatinine ratio:DKD group(UACR≥30 mg/g,DKD,n=412)and simple T2DM group(UACR<30 mg/g,T2DM,n=661).Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluat the correlation between SII,TyG,Fib and other indicators.Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to find the influencing factors for DKD.The clinical value of Fib,SII,TyG,and combined indicators in diagnosing DKD was tested by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Results Compared with T2DM group,age,duration of DM,FPG,TG,TyG,cystatin C(CysC),glutamyl transpeptidase,SUA,homocysteine,SII,neutrophil count,Fib and D-D were increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while albumin(ALB)and HDL-C were decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01)in DKD group.Pearson correlation analysis showed that SII was positively correlated with CysC,Scr,SUA,Fib,FDP,and D-D(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and negatively correlated with eGFR,ALB(P＜0.01);TyG is positively correlated with SUA(P＜0.01);Fib is positively correlated with CysC,Scr(P＜0.01),and negatively correlated with eGFR(P＜0.01).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that TyG and Fib were the influencing factors for DKD.The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve for the combined index was 0.679,with a specificity of 74.2%,a sensitivity of 53.5%,and an optimal cutoff value of 0.276.Conclusion SII and Fib can directly cause renal function damage in DKD,while IR promotes DKD progression through metabolic disorders.The combined predictive value of Fib,SII,and TyG for DKD risk is superior to a single indicator.

Effect of prenatal exposure to passive smoking on leptin of neonatal cord blood and birth weight in a rural area of Yunnan Province / 环境与职业医学

Background Previous studies have shown that active smoking during pregnancy can reduce the level of neonatal cord blood leptin, and thereby affect birth weight. However, few studies have studied the association of passive smoking during pregnancy with leptin in neonatal cord blood and birth weight. Objective To explore the effects of passive smoking in varied pregnancy stages and entire pregnancy on neonatal cord blood leptin level and birth weight in a certain rural area of Yunnan, and potential mediating role of cord blood leptin. Methods Based on a prospective prenatal cohort study conducted in Xuanwei County, Yunnan Province, a total of 545 mother-infant pairs were included in this study from early pregnancy enrollment to delivery. The demographic information and reproductive history of the subjects were collected by questionnaire. The urine samples of pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy were collected during regular prenatal examinations. Umbilical cord blood samples were collected from newborns at birth. The concentration of urine cotinine (UC) was measured by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). According to the results of UC level during pregnancy, the study subjects were divided into three groups: negative group (<LOD), low exposure group (LOD-M), and high exposure group(>M). The level of leptin in cord blood was detected by ELISA. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the effect of passive smoking on umbilical cord blood leptin in newborns during pregnancy. Path analysis was used to explore the relationship among passive smoking during pregnancy, neonatal cord blood leptin, and birth weight. Results The average exposure rate of passive smoking during pregnancy was 87.28%, and the exposure rate for entire pregnancy was 76.88%. The median concentration of leptin in neonatal cord blood was 4.17 μg·L−1. After adjusting for maternal age, ethnicity, educational level, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain, parity, annual household income, infant sex, and birth weight, we found that low level (b=−3.388, P=0.001) and high level (b=−2.738, P=0.006) of passive smoking in the first trimester of pregnancy had negative associations with leptin concentration of cord blood by multiple linear model. The path analysis results showed that passive smoking in the first trimester and pre-pregnancy BMI directly affected leptin levels, and the sizes of direct effects were −0.073 and −0.087 (both P<0.05) respectively. Passive smoking in late pregnancy, gestational weight gain, premature, newborn girls, parity, and pre-pregnancy BMI directly affected birth weight, and the sizes of direct effects were −0.063, 0.191, −0.301, −0.128, −0.121, and 0.167 (all P<0.05), respectively. No mediating role of leptin was found in the effect of passive smoking on neonatal birth weight. Conclusion Passive smoking exposure during pregnancy is common among rural women in Yunnan Province. Passive smoking in the first trimester may be key in decreasing the leptin level of neonatal cord blood. Passive smoking in third trimester may lead to a decrease in birth weight. No evidence shows that leptin mediates the relationship between passive smoking and birth weight.

Effects of geniposide metabolites genipin on induced HK-2 cells injury and NLRP3 pathway / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To study the toxicity of genipin-a kind of geniposide metabolites induced human tubular epithelial cells HK-2 and its effect on NLRP3 pathway. METHODS: The dose of GP on HK-2 cells were preliminarily determined by CCK8 method, the apoptosis or necrosis rate of HK-2 cells was detected by Hoechst 33342 / PI, the level of LDH release and reactive oxygen species was detected by Kits, and mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular calcium ion concentration were detected by high content imaging. Real-time PCR detected mRNA levels of kindey injury factor-1, osteopontin, NLRP3, Caspase-1, interleukin 1β, and interleukin 18. RESULTS: Compared with the 0 μg / mL group, GP>50 μg/mL significantly reduced cell viability (P< 0.05, P<0.01), and the IC50 value was 110.50 μg/mL. Set the control group, the low, medium and high dose groups of GP (50, 100, 200 μg/mL); Compared with the control group, the cell density decreased in the medium and high dose groups of GP, and the PI positivity, LDH release, ROS, Ca

Neuro-immune-endocrine mechanisms with poor adherence to aromatase inhibitor therapy in breast cancer.

As the most commonly used endocrine therapy regimen for patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) at present, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) reduce the risk of localized and distant recurrence, contralateral BC and secondary cancer, and prolong disease-free survival. Clinical data show that poor adherence during AI treatment is mainly attributed to muscle and joint pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances during treatment. The rapid decline of estrogen caused by AIs in a short period of time enhances sympathetic activity, activates T cells in the body, produces inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-17A, and promotes the occurrence of inflammation and bone loss. This article reviewed the mechanism of poor dependence on AIs in BC patients from the neuro-immuno-endocrine (NIE) perspective and provided clues for clinical intervention against poor adherence.

Metabolomics investigation on antiobesity effects of Corydalis bungeana on high-fat high-sugar diet-induced obese rats / 中草药·英文版

Objective: Corydalis bungeana (CB) is a well-used medicinal herb in Mongolian folk medicine and has been traditionally applied as an antiobesity agent. However, the evidence-based pharmacological effects of CB and its specific metabolic alterations in the obese model are not entirely understood. This study aimed to utilize untargeted metabolomic techniques to identify biomarkers and gain mechanistic insight into the serum metabolite alterations associated with weight loss and lipid metabolism in obese rats. Methods: A high-fat high-sugar (HFHS) diet was used to induce obese models in rats. CB extract was orally gavaged at 0.18, 0.9 and 1.8 g/kg doses for six weeks, and feed intake, body weight, fat pad weight, and blood indexes were measured. Blood serum metabolites were evaluated by gas chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS). Results: The results showed that compared with the obese group, the administration of CB extract caused significant decreases in body weight (P < 0.05), feed intake, Lee's index, and perirenal, mesenteric, epididymal fat weight. CB extract also reduced blood triglyceride and total cholesterol levels (P < 0.05) of obese rats. Metabolomic findings showed that nine differential metabolites, including pyruvic acid, D-glucuronic acid, malic acid, dimethylglycine, oxoglutaric acid, pantothenic acid, sorbitol acid, fumaric acid and glucose 6-phosphate were identified under CB treatment and altered metabolic pathways such as TCA cycle, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Conclusion: This study demonstrated weight loss and lipid lowering effects of CB on HFHS diet-induced obese rats and identified nine metabolites as potential biomarkers for evaluating the favorable therapeutic mechanism of CB via regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism.

Effects of attribution therapy on self-efficacy and physical function among patients with rheumatoid arthritis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the attribution therapy on self-efficacy and physical function among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and provide reference for functional rehabilitation of patients.Methods:A total of 72 rheumatoid arthritis patients of Rheumatology Department of Henan Province Orthopaedic Hospital were divided into experimental group ( n=36) and control group ( n=36) by random digits table method. The control group received routine nursing, while experimental group implemented attribution therapy for 6 times. Before and after 3 months of intervention, the intervention effect was assessed by using Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), morning stiffness time as well as Arthritis Self-efficacy Scale (ASES), respectively. Results:After intervention, the scores of HAQ, CDAI were 0.62 ± 0.23, 9.52 ± 3.15, morning stiffness time were (31.76 ± 5.80) minutes in the experimental group, significantly lower than those in the control group (0.91 ± 0.33, 12.41 ± 2.70) points and (35.91 ± 7.90) minutes. The differences were statistically significant ( t=4.09, 4.04, 2.46, all P<0.05). The scores of self-efficacy pain subscale, self-efficacy function subscale, self-efficacy other symptoms subscale and total ASES scores were 6.58 ± 1.20, 5.88 ± 1.36, 6.67 ± 1.90 and 6.30 ± 0.81, significantly higher than those in the control group (5.97 ± 0.76, 5.18 ± 1.24, 5.59 ± 1.73 and 5.59 ± 0.74), the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.21-3.77, P<0.05). Conclusions:Attribution therapy can effectively alleviate physical function and promote self-efficacy of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Application of virtual patient in the reexamination of professional master degree of clinical medicine / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application of virtual patient in the reexamination of clinical medical professional masters (hereinafter referred to as "clinical masters"), and to provide reference for the reform of clinical masters reexamination.Methods:The correlation between the clinical thinking scores of 97 candidates (Western medicine) in the reexamination of clinical masters in a university in 2019, the scores of comprehensive ability of clinical medicine (Western medicine) in the initial test and the interview scores in the reexamination was analyzed, and the differences between the clinical thinking scores of current and previous candidates were compared. SPSS 21.0 software was conducted for t test, chi-square test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results:The Person correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between the scores of clinical thinking and the scores of comprehensive clinical medicine (Western medicine) and the scores of interview in the reexamination were 0.09 and -0.05 respectively( P>0.05). At the same time, there was no statistically significant difference between the clinical thinking scores of current and previous candidates ( P >0.05). Conclusion:There was a poor correlation between the scores of clinical thinking and the scores of comprehensive clinical medicine (Western medicine) and the scores of interview in the reexamination. The consideration is concerned with the difference in the purpose of the three assessment forms. It can provide references for other medical colleges to optimize the evaluation content of postgraduate reexamination.

Trends in incidence and mortality of female breast cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 and age-period-cohort model analysis / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To analyze the incidence and mortality trends of female breast cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 and the impact of age-period-cohort (APC) on it.Methods:The incidence and mortality of breast cancer of Chinese women aged 20-95 years from 1990 to 2019 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) in 2019. Joinpoint software was used to estimate the average annual percentage change rate (AAPC) of age standardized incidence and mortality, and analyze the changing trend of disease burden of breast cancer in Chinese women from 1990 to 2019. The R language based APC model developed by the National Cancer Institute of the United States was used to analyze the impact of age, period and cohort on their changes.Results:From 1990 to 2019, the age standardized incidence of female breast cancer in China showed an upward trend, from 17.07/100 000 in 1990 to 35.61/100 000 in 2019, with an average annual increase of 2.59% (95% CI: 2.45%-2.73%, P<0.001) , which was higher than the global level (AAPC=0.47%, 95% CI: 0.31%-0.63%, P<0.001) . The standardized mortality showed a slight downward trend, from 9.16/100 000 in 1990 to 9.01/100 000 in 2019, with a decrease of 0.05% (95% CI: -0.20%-0.09%, P=0.479) , but there was not a statistically significant difference. APC model results showed that the incidence and mortality of female breast cancer increased with age. With the passage of time, the incidence from 1990 to 2019 showed an upward trend, and the incidence risk rose to 1.49 in the 2015-2019 period (95% CI: 1.42-1.57, P<0.001) . The mortality showed a downward trend, and the death risk was the highest in the 1990-1994 period ( RR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.74-0.83, P<0.001) . Cohort effect results showed that the later the women were born, the higher the risk of morbidity. The women born in the cohort from 1995 to 1999 had the highest risk ( RR=3.12, 95% CI: 1.82-5.33, P<0.001) . The risk of death showed a unimodal distribution, showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, the later the women were born, the lower the risk of death. The birth cohort from 1950 to 1954 had the highest risk of death ( RR=1.04, 95% CI: 0.98-1.09, P<0.001) , and then showed a downward trend, falling to 0.48 (95% CI: 0.19-1.24, P<0.001) in the birth cohort from 1995 to 1999. Conclusion:From 1990 to 2019, the incidence of breast cancer in Chinese women shows an upward trend, which is significantly higher than the global increase, and the mortality tends to stabilize. APC model analysis finds that the incidence and mortality increase with age, and the period and cohort effects show that the incidence risk of breast cancer in Chinese women gradually increases with the passage of the period and cohort. The period effect of mortality shows a downward trend, and the cohort effect of mortality shows a unimodal distribution, showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.

Effect of propofol on dopaminergic neurons of mice with Parkinson′s disease / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of propofol on dopaminergic neurons of mice with Parkinson′s disease (PD).Methods:Forty-eight pathogen-free healthy male C57BL/6 mice, aged 8-12 weeks, weighing 22-32 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=16 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), group PD and propofol group (group Pro). The neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropypridine (MPTP) was intraperitoneally injected for 7 consecutive days in PD and Pro groups, while the equal volume of normal saline was given for 7 consecutive days in group C. At 30 min after intraperitoneal injection of MPTP, propofol 25 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in group Pro, while the equal volume of normal saline was given daily in group C and group PD.At day 8 after the end of establishment of the model, gait analysis system experiment and rotarod test were used to record the step distance and retention time.The animals were sacrificed after the behavioral tests, and the brain tissues were removed for the dopamine neuron count in substantia nigra (by immunohistochemistry) and for determination of the expression of alpha-Synuclein (α-Syn) and Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra (by Western blot). Results:Compared with group C, the step distance was significantly decreased, retention time were shortened, the dopamine neuron count in substantia nigra was decreased, the expression of TH was down-regulated, and expression of α-Syn in substantia nigra was up-regulated in group PD ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group Pro ( P>0.05). Compared with group PD, the step distance was significantly increased, retention time were prolonged, the dopamine neuron count in substantia nigra was increased, the expression of TH was up-regulated, and expression of α-Syn in substantia nigra was down-regulated in group Pro ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Propofol has protective effect on dopaminergic neurons of PD mice, and the mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of α-Syn expression in substantia nigra.

Progress in Research on Epigenetics of Irritable Bowel Syndrome / 胃肠病学

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder characterized by abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits. IBS is a multifactorial, stress-sensitive disease. Epigenetic changes include DNA methylation change, histone modification, and differential expressions of microRNA and long non-coding RNA. Explaining the changes in IBS from the perspective of epigenetics could bring new insights for the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease. This article reviewed the progress in research on the epigenetics of IBS.

Investigation of the application of nosocomial infection prevention and control measures as stipulated in COVID-19 pandemic emergency plans / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To learn the application of nosocomial infection prevention and control measures as stipulated in COVID-19 emergency plans by medical institutions at all levels in the region, for the purpose of strengthening epidemic prevention and control.Methods:During March 12-13, 2020, customized questionnaires were used to learn from 186 hospitals and medical institutions regarding the basics of their nosocomial prevention management departments, emergency plan application and revisions made. Comparison of the ratios or constituent ratios were tested with χ2 test, while the continuous variables analysis between groups was verified with one-way ANOVA. Results:77.53% of the medical institutions had set up independent nosocomial infection management departments, and 87.30% of the institutions were qualified. 80% of the medical institutions had in place emergency plans for respiratory infectious diseases, but 98.05% of them had revised their plans during the pandemic, with an average of 10.85 newly added and revised provisions. Only 30.11% of emergency planed provide for clearly graded early warning.Conclusions:Efforts should be upgraded to develop an emergency prevention and control system for infection prevention and control in epidemics, and improve technical support for infection prevention and control in the system; to strengthen the clearly-graded early warning and graded responses in a scientific manner; and conduct regular drills, revise plan to ensure its applicability.

Rational drug use analysis of antibiotics in surgical operation with nursing intervention.

Rational use of antibiotics is an important part of clinical pharmacy in hospitals. In this paper, we compared and analyzed the use of antibiotics in 2016 and 2017, and put forward corresponding interventions. The results showed that the irrational use of drugs after the intervention was significantly reduced (p<0.05). The antibacterials used before the intervention was mainly cephalosporins (45.4%) and quinolones (26.2%). The antibiotics used after intervention was mainly cephalosporins (77.9%) and clindamycin (11.6%). There is no significant difference in the incidence of SSI in combination with a selection of appropriate antimicrobial agents and a variety of antibiotics and an irrational combination of drugs will increase the incidence of adverse drug reactions. Through the implementation of various intervention measures, the clinicians' awareness of the rational application of antimicrobial drugs has been improved significantly, and the rationality of drug use indications, medication course, drug selection, sample delivery rate and so on have been improved to varying degrees.

Changes and clinical significance of D-D,hs-CRP and PCT expression in severe COPD patients with acute attack / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the changes of serum C reactive protein (CRP),D-two polymer (D-D) and calcitonin (PCT) in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) and its clinical value. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 146 patients with severe COPD at acute attack in Tongji Huangzhou Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from December 2015 to December 2017.In addition,146 cases of COPD at remission stage (remission group) and 80 healthy subjects (control group) who were admitted to the hospital during the same period were selected.The serum levels of D -D,hs-CRP and PCT were compared among the three groups.At the same time,the levels of serum D-D,hs-CRP and PCT in patients with no bacterial infection or different pulmonary function classification were compared .Results The serum levels of D-D, hs-CRP and PCT in the acute group [(1 927.4 ±83.4) μg/L,(39.3 ±3.2) mg/L,(5.8 ±1.7) ng/mL] were significantly higher than those in the remission group [(314.2 ±69.2)μg/L,(16.4 ±3.4)mg/L,(1.8 ±0.7)ng/mL], which in the remission group were also significantly higher than the control group [(231.7 ±58.5) μg/L,(3.8 ± 1.5)mg/L,(0.4 ±0.1)ng/mL],the differences were statistically significant (F＝35.487,11.266,6.752,P＝ 0.001,0.005,0.000).The serum levels of hs -CRP and PCT in the acute phase combined with bacterial infection group[(41.4 ±1.7) mg/L,(6.4 ±1.4) ng/mL] were higher than those in the non bacterial infection group [(36.3 ±1.2)mg/L,(5.0 ±1.0)ng/mL](F＝16.541,4.467,P＝0.000,0.011),but there was no statistically significant difference in D -D level ( P ＞0.05).There were statistically significant differences in serum D -D, hs-CRP and PCT levels among patients with different pulmonary function classification [serum D-D:(2 083.5 ± 88.3)μg/L vs.(1 727.3 ±71.3)μg/L vs.(1 523.5 ±67.3)μg/L;hs-CRP:(63.8 ±19.5)mg/L vs.(29.5 ± 10.4)mg/L vs.(10.6 ±3.2) mg/L;PCT:(6.2 ±1.3) ng/mL vs.(3.4 ±0.9) ng/mL vs.(1.3 ±0.4) ng/mL] (F＝34.493,15.488,6.567,P＝0.000,0.001,0.018),and the higher the pulmonary function classification ,the higher the above indicators(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The levels of serum CRP,D-D and PCT in patients with severe COPD at acute attack are significantly increased ,and the increase of the patients with bacterial infection is more obvious,and the index level is positively correlated with the classification of lung function ,which can provide a reference for clinical practice.

Observation of tacrolimus ointment combined with ornidazole and clarithromycin in the treatment of rosacea with facial hormone dependent dermatitis / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus ointment combined with ornidazole and clarithromycin in the treatment of rosacea with facial hormone dependent dermatitis .Methods A total of 80 cases with rosacea complicated with facial hormone dependent dermatitis were selected , and they were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to the digital table ,40 cases in each group .The observation group was treated with 0.1％ tacrolimus ointment besmear outside 2 times a day,a total of eight weeks,and at the same time,ornidazole and clarithromycin was taken orally for 4 weeks.The control group was treated with 0.1％tacrolimus ointment besmear outside 2 times a day for a total of eight weeks .The curative effects of two groups after treatment,and the symptom rebound rates aftre 4 weeks of treatment were compared .Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.5％,which of the control group was 67.5％,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ2 =7.68,P<0.05).The symptom scores before treatment between the two groups had no statistically significant difference[(19.93 ±0.76)points vs.(19.89 ±4.07)points,P>0.05].After treatment, the symptom scors between the two groups had statistically significant difference (P<0.05).The bounce rate of the observation group was 7.5％,which of the control group was 31.58％.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ2 =5.97,P<0.05).Conclusion 0.1％tacrolimus ointment combined with ornidazole and clarithromycin in the treatment of rosacea complicated with hormone-dependent facial dermatitis has satisfied curative effect and security ,the comprehensive treatment is better than single treatment .

Intra-articular injection of different concentration of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine on anal-gesic effect of knee arthroscopy in elderly patients in the department of orthopedics / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the analgesic effect of different concentrations of medetomidine and ropivacaine on knee arthroscopy in elderly patients in the orthopedics department. Methods 72 patients were di-vided into 4 groups,and from February 2016-September 2017 ,different concentrations of dexmedetomidin and ropivacaine were given to the patients after the operation,and compared the analgesic effects and adverse reactions of each group. Results The duration of analgesia in groups C and D were longer than group A and B and there were significant differences in the amount of fentanyl in the 4 groups after 24 h(F = 79.633,P < 0.05 )and there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the 4 groups(P > 0.05);1,3,6, 10,16,24 h after operation,The VAS scores in group C and D were significantly lower than those in group A and B(P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine plus ropivacaine can effectively improve the analgesic effect after knee arthroscopy,0.50 g/kg was the best concentration of dexmedetomidin.

Comparative transcriptomic analysis of high and low egg-producing duck ovaries.

The egg-laying rate is an important indicator of egg production of laying ducks. Egg production directly impacts the economic benefits of the duck industry. In order to obtain better insight into the molecular mechanisms associated with the process of egg production, comparative transcriptomic analysis of the ovaries of Jinding ducks with high and low egg production was performed using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 system. A total of 843 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was identified, 367 that were down-regulated and 476 that were up-regulated in high egg production (HEP) ovaries, as compared with low egg production (LEP) ovaries. Some genes, such as MC5R, APOD, ORAI1, and DYRK4, were more active in HEP ovaries, indicating that these genes may play important roles in regulation of egg production. Among these 843 DEGs, 685 were assigned to gene ontology (GO) categories. Of these, 25 genes were related to reproduction, and 30 were related to the reproductive process, including some associated with ovarian follicle development, circadian regulation of gene expression, circadian rhythm, and estrogen receptor binding. Furthermore, some important functional pathways were revealed, such as the steroid biosynthesis pathway, the endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption pathways, circadian rhythm, the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, and the calcium-signaling pathway, which appear to be much more active in the HEP group, as compared to those of the LEP group. The results of this study provide very useful information that may contribute to future functional studies of genes involved in bird reproduction.

Effect of metformin on serum vitamin B12 level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus:a meta analysis / 重庆医学

Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of metformin on serum vitamin B12,folic acid and homocysteine (Hcy) levels in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods The databases of Cochrane Library,EMbase,PubMed,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang were retrieved by computer to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the association between metformin and serum vitamin B12 level in T2DM patients.Two researchers independently screened the literatures,assessed the risk of bias of included RCTs and extracted the data.The RevMan5.3 software was used for conducting the meta analysis.Results A total of 5 RCTs were included.The Meta-analysis results showed that serum vitamin B12 level in the metformin group was significantly decreased compared with the placebo group (MD=-55.86,95 ％ CI(-86.89,-24.84),P =0.000 4);the subgroup analysis showed that serum vitamin B12 level was negatively correlated with the duration of diabetes,metformin use time and dose.The serum Hcy level in the metformin group was increased compared with the placebo group (MD=2.44,95 ％ CI(1.41,3.46),P＜0.01);the serum folic acid level had no statistical differences between the two groups [MD=-2.39,95 ％CI (-4.93,0.15),P=0.06];the incidence rate of adverse reactions in the metformin group was higher than that in the placebo group[RR=2.0,95 ％ CI(1.32,3.03),P =0.001].Conclusion Metformin treatment may lead to decrease of serum vitamin B12 level and increase of Hcy level while has no obvious influence on the folic acid level in T2DM patients,but has higher incidence rate of adverse reactions.

Comparison of the Differences Between External Standard Method and Relative Correction Factor Method for Determination of the Flavonoids from Sorbus Tianschanica Rupr / 医药导报

Objective To compare the differences between external standard method and relative correction factor method for determination of the flavonoids from Sorbus tianschanica Rupr.Methods Using HPLC external standard method for determination of hyperoside,rutin,isoquercitrin,quercetin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-β-D-glucoside,astragalin and Kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside in Sorbus tianschanica Rupr.,HPLC relative correction factor method was adopted to establish relative correction factor of the other five flavonoids above with hyperoside as reference.The difference was evaluated by comparing the external standard method with the relative correction factor method.Results There was no significant difference between the T test external standard method and relative correction factor method(P>0.05).Conclusion External standard method and relative correction factor method can be used for determination of the flavonoids from Sorbus tianschanica Rupr.,but in the case of lack of reference substance or mass detection,using the relative correction factor method for determination of rutin,hyperoside isoquercitrin,quercetin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-β-D-glucoside,astragalin and kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside in Sorbus tianschanica Rupr.It was more feasible and it can be used as a new quality evaluation method in determination of flavonoid components from Sorbus tianschanica Rupr.

Effect of metformin on proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis of U937 cells / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To study the effect of metformin on proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis of U937 cells.Methods: U937 cells were treated with different concentrations of metformin,collected cells in 24,48 and 72 hours.Subsequently,cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay,and the cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM).The expression of Bcl-2,Bax,p-AMPK,p53 were determined by Western blot.Results: The proliferation of U937 cells was inhibited by metformin in a time-and dose-dependent manner.Metformin-treated cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase,the cell frequency at G0/G1 phase was increased in a time-and dose-dependent manner.Metformin also induced cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner.It showed that 20 mmol/L metformin induced cell apoptosis in a time-dependent manner.The expression of p-AMPK,p53,Bax was up-regulated while Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated after metformin treatment.Conclusion: Metformin could inhibit the U937 cell proliferation,block the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase,and induce cell apoptosis,which may partially be attribute to the up-regulation of Bax,down-regulation of Bcl-2,activation of AMPK/p53 signaling.

Investigation on Toxoplasma gondii infection and awareness of toxoplasmosis-related knowledge in women with poor pregnant outcomes in Wuxi City / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and awareness of toxoplasmosis?related knowledge among women with poor pregnant outcomes in Wuxi City. Methods A total of 217 women with poor pregnant out?comes from Wuxi City during the period of January 2011 to December 2015 were randomly selected as the study subjects( a study group),while 250 women with normal pregnancy were served as controls(a control group). The sero?prevalence of T. gon?dii infection was detected by using ELISA and compared between the study and control groups. The awareness of toxoplasmosis?related knowledge was investigated by using a self?designed questionnaire and compared between the study and control groups. Results The positive rate of anti?Toxoplasma antibody was 30.88%in the study group,which was significantly higher than that (8.8%)in the control group(χ2 =36.7,P0.05). Conclusions This study demonstrates higher prevalence of T. gondii infection in women with poor pregnant out?comes than in those with normal pregnancy in Wuxi City. Considering the harm of T. gondii infection during pregnancy and the low awareness of toxoplasmosis?related knowledge in pregnant women,the health education of toxoplasmosis?related knowledge should be strengthened,especially for pregnant women,so as to reduce the prevalence of T. gondii infection among pregnant women to improve the better child?bearing and rearing level.