Sarcopenia in people living with HIV. A review.

The aim of this review is to know the current status of sarcopenia in people living with acquired immunodeficiency virus, as well as predictors, prevalence, and associated factors. Searches were done in PubMed, Scielo, and ScienceDirect databases (January 2010 to August 2021), using predefined search terms. Prevalence, intervention, and meta-analysis studies investigating sarcopenia or muscle mass and function in people living with Human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) were selected. We identified reports of high prevalence and increased risk for sarcopenia due to factors such as prolonged exposure to antiretroviral drugs, lack of physical activity, central obesity, drug use, and other sociodemographic factors, as well as disease duration. HIV should be considered a risk factor for sarcopenia, and evaluation of sarcopenia should be included as part of the comprehensive medical care of PLHIV. Forceful actions are required to prevent muscle weakness, especially in stages before old age with actions aimed at preserving strength and function.

Influenza A (H1N1) was not associated with obesity in pregnant women living in Toluca, México / La Influenza A (H1N1) no se asoció con la obesidad en mujeres embarazadas en Toluca, México

Objective The aim was to verify whether being overweight could have played a critical role in cases of mortality caused byinfluenza A (H1N1) in pregnant women. This virus' prevalence was also analyzed among people suffering from acute respiratory disease being attended at the state of Mexico's Autonomous University's medical research centre. Methods The clinical files of women having influenza A (H1N1) attending the Monica Pretelini maternal-perinatal hospital's (HMPMP) intensive care unit in Toluca, Mexico, were reviewed. According to international recommendations, clinical detection of possible new cases of this disease was kept an open as a second step. Results Five women suffering influenza A (H1N1) was attended at HMPMP's intensive care unit during 2009; only one survived. No differences in body mass index were found when comparing the anthropometric characteristics to another group of women affected by acute respiratory diseases; in fact, this parameter was below the limits for being overweight in both cases. No new case of influenza A (H1N1) was found after the first eight months of 2010. Discussion It could not be verified whether being overweight was a factor of higher mortality due to influenza A (H1N1) amongst pregnant women in the state of Mexico. The key to better survival for pregnant women hospitalized with influenza A (H1N1) seemed to be early treatment with oseltamivir. The cases decreased dramatically after the severe wave of the new pandemic due to unknown reasons.

Objetivo Nuestro objetivo fue verificar si en los casos de mortalidad por influenza A (H1N1) en mujeres embarazadas, el sobrepeso tuvo un papel fundamental. También hemos analizado la prevalencia de este virus entre personas con enfermedad respiratoria aguda atendidas en el Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Métodos Se revisaron los expedientes clínicos de las mujeres con influenza A (H1N1) atendidos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Obstétricos del Hospital Materno Perinatal, Toluca, México. De acuerdo con las recomendaciones internacionales, como segunda etapa se mantuvo un programa de detección de este virus en la población general. Resultados Hubo cinco embarazadas con influenza A (H1N1), durante el año 2009, de las cuales sólo una sobrevivió. Al comparar las características antropométricas con otro grupo de mujeres afectadas por enfermedades respiratorias agudas no encontramos diferencias en el índice de masa corporal. De hecho, en ambos casos, este parámetro fue inferior a los límites de sobrepeso. Después de los primeros ocho meses del año 2010 no se encontraron nuevos casos de influenza A (H1N1). Discusión No hemos podido verificar que el sobrepeso sea un factor de mayor mortalidad en casos de infección por influenza A (H1N1) entre las mujeres embarazadas del Estado de México. La clave para una mejor supervivencia en mujeres embarazadas hospitalizadas con influenza A (H1N1) parece ser el tratamiento precoz con Oseltamivir. Por razones desconocidas después de la ola severa de la nueva pandemia los casos disminuyeron.

Influenza A (H1N1) was not associated with obesity in pregnant women living in Toluca, México.

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to verify whether being overweight could have played a critical role in cases of mortality caused by influenza A (H1N1) in pregnant women. This virus' prevalence was also analyzed among people suffering from acute respiratory disease being attended at the state of Mexico's Autonomous University's medical research centre. METHODS: The clinical files of women having influenza A (H1N1) attending the Monica Pretelini maternal-perinatal hospital's (HMPMP) intensive care unit in Toluca, Mexico, were reviewed. According to international recommendations, clinical detection of possible new cases of this disease was kept an open as a second step. RESULTS: Five women suffering influenza A (H1N1) was attended at HMPMP's intensive care unit during 2009; only one survived. No differences in body mass index were found when comparing the anthropometric characteristics to another group of women affected by acute respiratory diseases; in fact, this parameter was below the limits for being overweight in both cases. No new case of influenza A (H1N1) was found after the first eight months of 2010. DISCUSSION: It could not be verified whether being overweight was a factor of higher mortality due to influenza A (H1N1) amongst pregnant women in the state of Mexico. The key to better survival for pregnant women hospitalized with influenza A (H1N1) seemed to be early treatment with oseltamivir. The cases decreased dramatically after the severe wave of the new pandemic due to unknown reasons.