Women in Anesthesiology and the Mid-Career Stall: Why They Are Not Advancing Into Senior Leadership.

Women anesthesiologists face many challenges when trying to advance their careers and find balance in personal and professional endeavors. In this article, we introduce the reader to several concepts central to understanding the challenges faced by mid-career women anesthesiologists and highlight why these challenges become particularly pronounced when women enter the mid-career stage. We describe how lack of constructive actionable feedback combined with lack of mentorship and sponsorship negatively affects women in the workplace. We also outline barriers and bias that mid-career women anesthesiologists face in high-level leadership roles along with the disproportionally high burden of nonpromotable work. We present a discussion of mistreatment and burnout, which are compounded by concurrent demands of parenthood and a professional career. We conclude with the impact that these barriers have on mid-career women anesthesiologists and recommendations for mitigating these challenges. They include a systematic increase in mentorship and sponsorship, an individualized professional development strategy, and an improved and comprehensive approach to promotion.

General practitioners' perceptions on their role in light of the NHS five year forward view: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: The NHS is undergoing unprecedented change, central to which is policy aimed at integrating health and social care services, resulting in the implementation of new care models. GPs are at the forefront of this change. However, there is lack of academic literature on General Practitioners' perceptions on their role in light of the new models of care proposed by the NHS Five Year Forward View which this small-scale study begins to address. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to produce a description of how GP's construct their current and future general practice, professional status and identify within the context of the current NHS transformation agenda. METHODS: Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and one focus group to gather the perspective of GPs (n = 10) working across three clinical commissioning groups in South East England. RESULTS: While the GPs embraced the principles underpinning the new care models, they were both willing and reluctant to adopt their new roles, struggled with inter-organisational and cultural barriers and their changing professional identity. CONCLUSION: Multi-professional education in primary and community care could be an effective model to offer support and resources to the development of the clinical and leadership skills GPs will require to respond effectively to the transformation agenda. The emergence of community education provider networks, innovative network organisations designed to support workforce transformation through education and training, can provide the vehicle through which clinical and leadership skills training are sourced and coordinated.

Lupus-Negative Libman-Sacks Endocarditis Complicated by Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome.

Libman-Sacks endocarditis is characterized by sterile and verrucous lesions that predominantly affect the aortic and mitral valves. In most cases, patients do not have significant valvular dysfunction. However, patients with significant valvular dysfunction may present with serious complications such as cardiac failure, arrhythmias, and thromboembolic events. Recently, association of Libman-Sacks endocarditis with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) has been made. APS is most commonly defined by venous and arterial thrombosis, recurrent pregnancy loss, and thrombocytopenia. While the syndrome can be a primary syndrome, it is usually secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) can be a life-threatening presentation of APS and can occur in 1% of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. We present a very rare case of a young female patient with lupus-negative Libman-Sacks endocarditis complicated by CAPS.

Is beauty in the eye of the beholder? Effects of weight and shape on attractiveness ratings of female line drawings by restrained and nonrestrained eaters.

This study tested the differences between restrained and nonrestrained eaters' attractiveness perceptions of female line drawings, of their own figures, and the ideal female figure. Female line drawings varied systematically in body weight and in waist and hip circumference. Forty-six female undergraduate students, 23 nonrestrainers and 23 restrainers, rated stimuli in attractiveness, identified the figure which best represented their own body type (PAF), and the ideal body figure (IF) according to the Restraint Scale [RS; Herman, C. P., & Polivy, J. (1980). Restrained eating. In: A. Stunkard (Ed.), Obesity (pp. 208-225). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders]. Restrainers did not generally differ from nonrestrainers in attractiveness ratings or in their choice of IF. However, differences between IF and PAF were larger in restrainers than in nonrestrainers because restrainers chose PAFs with larger hips than nonrestrainers did. This difference between the restraint groups was independent of between-group differences in hip size. This discrepancy between IF and PAF may contribute to the restrainers' motivation to diet.