RESUMO
Lynch syndrome (LS) mutation carriers may reduce their cancer risk by adhering to lifestyle recommendations for cancer prevention. This study tested the effect of providing LS mutation carriers with World Cancer Research Fund-the Netherlands (WCRF-NL) health promotion materials on awareness and knowledge of and adherence to these recommendations. In this randomized controlled trial (n = 226), the intervention group (n = 114) received WCRF-NL health promotion materials. All LS mutation carriers were asked to fill out questionnaires at 2 weeks before (baseline, T0) and at 2 weeks (T1) and 6 months (T2) after the intervention. Linear mixed models were performed on awareness (0-7) and knowledge (0-7) of the recommendations, and on the secondary outcomes, that is adherence, distress, cancer worry, and risk perception. Compared with the control group, the intervention group became significantly more aware (overall mean difference = 1.24; 95%CI = 0.82-1.67) and obtained significantly improved knowledge of the recommendations (overall mean difference = 1.65; 95%CI = 1.27-2.03). Differences were significantly larger for T1 (Pinteraction = .003 and ≤.001, respectively) but remained significant for T2. No effect on secondary outcomes was found. In conclusion, provision of WCRF-NL health promotion materials increases awareness and knowledge of lifestyle recommendations for cancer prevention among LS mutation carriers without causing additional distress, but does not affect adherence.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais Hereditárias sem Polipose/genética , Guias como Assunto , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Estilo de Vida , Mutação , Neoplasias/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Neoplasias Colorretais Hereditárias sem Polipose/complicações , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/complicações , Neoplasias/genética , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/métodos , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Microarray is a powerful tool to compare the gene expression of different tumour specimens and cell lines simultaneously and quantitatively. To get a better insight into genes that are involved in uveal melanoma tumorigenesis, we compared the gene expression profiles of 12 different uveal melanoma cell lines with three melanocyte cell cultures obtained from healthy donor eyes. Gene expression profiles were obtained by nylon filter arrays, containing 1176 gene spots related to cancer development. The expression levels of selected genes were validated on cell lines and primary uveal melanomas by real time RT-PCR, and were subsequently included in cluster analysis. Four candidate tumour markers, Laminin Receptor 1, Endothelin 2, Von Hippel Lindau Binding protein 1 and Cullin 2, have been selected from genes that were differentially expressed in the uveal melanoma cell lines compared to the normal uveal melanocytes. In primary uveal melanomas, these four markers could discriminate between two classes of uveal melanoma, which may be indicative of a differential disease process.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Melanoma/genética , Melanoma/patologia , Neoplasias Uveais/genética , Neoplasias Uveais/patologia , Humanos , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
In this study lymphocytes from blood and/or spleen of different species (rat, mouse, human) were exposed to different doses of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). The functional activity of these lymphocytes was determined using assays for mitogen proliferation and the mixed lymphocyte response (MLR). These experiments demonstrated that in vitro exposure to UVR causes a dose-dependent decrease of the MLR activity of the irradiated lymphocytes. Viability of lymphocytes and mitogen proliferation responses were also decreased by UVR exposure but less severe in comparison to the MLR. Lymphocytes of rats seem to be more sensitive to UVR as compared to lymphocytes of mice and humans.
Assuntos
Ativação Linfocitária/efeitos da radiação , Linfócitos/efeitos da radiação , Raios Ultravioleta , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação , Humanos , Teste de Cultura Mista de Linfócitos , Linfócitos/imunologia , Macrófagos/imunologia , Macrófagos/efeitos da radiação , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos CBA , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Ultraviolet light has been shown to modify the immune system. Photo immunosuppression occurs already when the skin is exposed to low doses of UVB. The physiological role of this suppression may be to prevent the occurrence of an inflammatory reaction after UVB exposure which could damage the sun-exposed skin. The pathogenic consequences of UVB radiation can be observed in the exacerbation of infectious diseases and the development of skin cancer. Especially for immunocompromised patients the additional role of photo immunosuppression is of great clinical importance. Renal transplant recipients have a highly increased risk for the development of squamous cell carcinomas and the great majority of these tumours are present on sun-exposed skin. In many of the skin lesions DNA of human papilloma virus (HPV) is present, suggesting that UVB light affects the local immune response and renders the skin unable to reject (pre)malignant HPV. The pathogenic consequences of photo immunosuppression in other patient groups and in the general population have still to be determined.