RESUMO
AIM: The aim of the study was to assess the reliability and validity of cephalometric variables from MicroScribe-3DXL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven cephalometric variables (facial angle, ANB, maxillary depth, U1/FH, FMA, IMPA, FMIA) were measured by a dentist in 60 Malay subjects (30 males and 30 females) with class I occlusion and balanced face. Two standard images were taken for each subject with conventional cephalometric radiography and MicroScribe-3DXL. All the images were traced and analysed. SPSS version 2.0 was used for statistical analysis with P-value was set at P<0.05. RESULTS: The results revealed a significant statistic difference in four measurements (U1/FH, FMA, IMPA, FMIA) with P-value range (0.00 to 0.03). The difference in the measurements was considered clinically acceptable. The overall reliability of MicroScribe-3DXL was 92.7% and its validity was 91.8%. CONCLUSION: The MicroScribe-3DXL is reliable and valid to most of the cephalometric variables with the advantages of saving time and cost. This is a promising device to assist in diverse areas in dental practice and research.
Assuntos
Cefalometria/métodos , Face/anatomia & histologia , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Má Oclusão Classe I de Angle/diagnóstico por imagem , Maxila/anatomia & histologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Pontos de Referência Anatômicos/diagnóstico por imagem , Cefalometria/instrumentação , Cefalometria/estatística & dados numéricos , Análise Custo-Benefício , Face/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/instrumentação , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/estatística & dados numéricos , Imageamento Tridimensional/instrumentação , Malásia , Masculino , Mandíbula/anatomia & histologia , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Software , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Epidemiologic evidence has demonstrated significant associations between atherosclerosis and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). We had investigated the effect of andrographolide (AND) on atherosclerosis induced by Pg in rabbits. For experimental purpose, we separated thirty male white New Zealand rabbits into 5 groups. Group 1 received standard food pellets; Groups 2-5 were orally challenged with Pg; Group 3 received atorvastatin (AV, 5 mg/kg), and Groups 4-5 received 10 and 20 mg/kg of AND, respectively, over 12 weeks. Groups treated with AND showed significant decrease in TC, TG, and LDL levels (P<0.05) and significant increase in HDL level in the serum of rabbits. Furthermore, the treated groups (G3-G5) exhibited reductions in interleukins (IL-1ß and IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as compared to atherogenicgroup (G2). The histological results showed that the thickening of atherosclerotic plaques were less significant in treated groups (G3-G5) compared with atherogenicgroup (G2). Also, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) staining decreased within the plaques of atherogenicgroup (G2), while it was increased in treated groups (G3-G5). Lastly, groups treated with AV and AND (G3-G5) showed significant reduction of CD36 expression (P<0.05) compared to atherogenicgroup (G2). These results substantially proved that AND contain antiatherogenic activity.
