Impact of Humanitarian Experiences on Otolaryngology Trainees: A Follow-up Study of Travel Grant Recipients.

In this study, we seek (1) to determine the impact of humanitarian experiences on otolaryngology trainee recipients of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation humanitarian travel grant (2001-2015); (2) to better understand trainee and trip characteristics, as well as motivations and attitudes toward future volunteerism; and (3) and to identify potential barriers to participation. An anonymous 30-question survey was distributed to 207 individuals, and 52 (25.1%) responded. Respondents viewed the trip as very worthwhile (score = 98 of 100), expressed improved cultural understanding (75.0%), and continued participation in humanitarian activities (75.0%). Competency-based evaluation results suggest a positive impact on systems-based practice and professionalism. Respondents commented on the trip's positive value and shared concerns regarding expense. Despite potential barriers, Foundation-supported humanitarian trips during training are perceived as worthwhile; they may enhance cultural understanding and interest in future humanitarian efforts; and they may positively affect competency-based metrics. Based on the potential benefits, continued support and formalization of these experiences should be considered.

A Review of Hard Palate Fracture Repair Techniques.

PURPOSE: Hard palate trauma is a relatively infrequent occurrence compared with other craniofacial injuries. Several techniques of hard palate fracture repair have been described. To date, there is no consensus on the optimal management of this type of fracture. The purpose of this study was to compile and analyze studies describing hard palate fracture repair techniques with outcomes data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review of the Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was performed for articles describing hard palate fracture repair techniques. RESULTS: Eight articles were ultimately included in the review. Of the collective 310 fractures reported, postoperative malocclusion occurred in 21 of 235 cases (8.9%) and other complications occurred in 13 of 299 cases (4.3%). The most important variability in technique was the method of palatal vault stabilization. Three studies described wiring techniques, 3 described internal fixation techniques, and 2 described external fixation techniques. Studies describing internal fixation techniques reported higher rates of wound complications. Proponents of rigid internal fixation believe that this technique provides better fracture reduction. External fixation techniques appear to impart low rates of wound complications, but their overall effectiveness remains in question. CONCLUSIONS: Hard palate fractures are associated with high rates of malocclusion and wound complications. The most established methods of palatal vault stabilization are closed reduction with wiring and internal plate fixation. Depending on the fracture type, patient comorbidities, and associated injuries, either technique might be preferable in a given circumstance.