RESUMO
The metal-ceramic crown restoration was the most actively used at esthetic restoration for its convenience of forming. Due to constant rise of gold price, non-precious metal such as Ni-Cr alloy have been widely used as metal-ceramic restorations. For easy casting and lower melting point Be was added as minor component to Ni-Cr for a long time, but the use of Be was regulated to deteriorate to human lung. In this study, Ni-Cr specimens containing Be (T-3, Ticonium, USA) and non-Be (Bellabond Plus, BEGO, Germany) were fabricated and by heat treatments at 800-1050 0C oxide layer was formed for subsequent bonding to porcelain ceramics. By heat treatment of the non-Be specimens at high temperature more thick oxide layer was formed and showed lower bonding strength due to the debonding at oxide layers. But in the Be-containing specimens debonding was occurred at porcelain layer so that they showed higher bonding strength. So by heat treatment of non-Be specimens at vacuum condition rather thinner oxide film could be formed so that showed higher coupling strength due to the debonding at porcelain layers than oxide layers.
RESUMO
We report on the concept of a thin film wire-grid polarizer (WGP) with optically dual characteristics by introducing a nano-patterned graded metal-dielectric composite-material layer. The Ti-SiO(2) composite layer with a depth profile of a gradually-varied composition ratio shows an absorptive feature due to the elimination of an optical interface between a metal and a glass substrate, while the metal side of the WGP gives a reflective character. The unprecedented optically-bifacial thin-film WGP with the 144 nm-period straight-line patterns of a 100 nm-thick Ti-SiO(2) composite layer and a 185 nm-thick Al layer shows the exceptionally low reflectance below 15 % from the absorptive side and the high polarization extinction ratio (PER) of over 500 at 550 nm, which is acceptable for use as various display applications such as AMOLEDs and LCDs.
