[Application of hyperosmotic iso-oncotic solutions for prolonged veno-venous haemofiltration in patients with gramm negative sepsis].

Dynamics of circulation and elimination of low and medium molecular weight substances and lipopolysaccharides of Gramm negative bacteria were studied during prolonged veno-venous haemofiltration in patients with Gramm negative sepsis. Positive effect of HyperHAES solution for endotoxicosis compensation has been defined in the study. HyperHAES can be used repeatedly during prolonged veno-venous haemofiltration.

[Metabolic correction of bile outflow in patients with obstructive jaundice].

UNLABELLED: The purpose of research is to study the influence of infusion therapy structure on the of metabolic disorders and biliary excretion correction in patients with obstructive jaundice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out in 139 patients divided into 3 groups with the same volume of infusion therapy (1600 ml/day). In 1-St group (54 patients) infusion therapy included ringer's lactate and 10% glucose solution in the ratio of 1:1. In the 2nd group (37 patients) infusion therapy was sterofundine - G-5. In the 3rd group (48 patients) in infusion therapy have included remaxol with dosage of 800 ml/day. RESULTS: The inclusion of remaxol and sterofundin in infusion therapy leads to the improvement of biliary excretion in the early postoperative period versus ringer's lactate and 10% glucose solution. Remaxol has the advantage in metabolic disorders and biliary excretion correction versus sterofundine-G-5.

[Correction of hepatic dysfunction as pre-treatment before systemic chemotherapy in patients with bile duct neoplasms].

This prospective randomized study incorporates 141 surgical department patients with hepatobiliary tumors. The 1st group patients received 800 ml/day of remaxol. The 2nd1 group patients received Ringer solution and 10% glucose at 1:1 ratio. The subgroups included: 1 subgroup-with pre-operative cholecysto- or choledochostomia and B-subgroup-without pre-operative interventions. The combined surgical and pharmaceutical correction of bile passage, bilirubinemia, cholestasis and cytolysis by remaxole leads to better hepatic dysfunction correction and allows better timing of chemotherapy in bile passage tumors.

[Metabolic therapy and pulmonary disfunction in patients with obstetric sepsis].

The role of reamberin, a succinate-containing infusion preparation in correlation of pulmonary metabolic and respiratory disturbances in patients with obstetric puerperal sepsis was estimated. The prospective randomized study enrolled 43 patients with puerperal obstetric sepsis complicated by polyorganic deficiency (SOFA 8-10). Nineteen patients of the 1st group and 24 patients of the 2nd group were additionally treated with reamberin in a dose of 800 ml/day for 8 days. The venous and arterial difference by glucose, lactate, pyruvate, diene conjugates, malondialdehyde and ceruloplasmin was investigated. The blood gases were determined with the Ciba Corning 45 apparatus. Lower metabolic activity of the lungs with prevalence of the glucose anaerobic metabolism and lower activity of the intrapulmonary antioxidant protection were observed in the patients with obstetric sepsis. The use of reamberin in the complex therapy of obstetric sepsis promoted maintenance of the initial balance and anaeroibic and aerobic pulmonary metabolism, thus providing shorter terms of the decompensation and recovery of the lungs respiratory function.

[Neurogenic and septic inductions of synthesis of peptide antibiotics in larvae of Calliphora vicina R.-D. (Diptera: Calliphoridae)].

Synthesis of antimicrobial peptides in diapausing larvae Calliphora vicina can be induced by two different pathways. One pathway is well known in insects and includes recognition of microbial particles by the pattern-recognizing receptors. The other pathway includes perception and transduction of stress signal to immunocompetent cells by neuroendocrine system. This phenomenon consists in stimulation of synthesis of defensins, cecropins, and diptericins under effect of chromic stimulation of mechanoreceptors with ligature applied on the larva head end. Formation of immune response in brain is established to need less than 30 s, after which isolation of the neuroendocrine complex does not eliminate activation of immune response As judging from rate of the neurogenic induction, transduction of the stimulating signal from brain to the immune system cells can be connected with release into hemolymph of biogenic amines or other neurohormones stored preliminarily in the neurohemal organ. The nature of this inductor at present remains unknown, as analysis of role of octopamine, dopamine, and adipokynetic hormone did not reveal stimulating effect on synthesis of bactericidal peptides. Physiological mechanism of this phenomenon is not finally understood, its key links seem to be CNS, hormonal factor of cardial bodies, and system of antimicrobial peptides. Synthesis of antimicrobial peptides is directly regulated by the neuroendocrine system that can produce both stimulating and stress action by reminding in this aspect the known immunoneuroendocrine interrelations in vertebrates. The existence of similar integrating mechanisms in such polar animal kingdom groups which are insects and vertebrates indicate that they are more ancient than this was considered earlier.

[Infusion correction of bile outflow and endotoxicosis in patients with mechanical jaundice].

The investigations were performed in 139 patients divided into 3 groups and who were given similar volume of infusion therapy (1600 ml/day). In the first group consisting of 54 patients the solution of infusion therapy included the Ringer solution and 10% of glucose solution in the ratio 1:1. In the second group (37 patients) the infusion therapy was performed with a solution of sterofundin-G-5. In the third group (48 patients) remaksol in dose 800 ml/day was included in infusion therapy. The inclusion of sterofundin-G-5 and remaksol in the infusion therapy increased the rate of bile outflow at the early postoperative period as compared with the solutions of Ringer and 10% of glucose. Remaksol is better for arresting endotoxicosis and bile excreting function of the liver as compared with infusion of sterofundin-G-5.

[Tactics of preoperative infusion therapy in obturation jaundice].

The influence of the infusion therapy content on a hepatic function of bile outflow (HFBO), a bilirubin content and the enzymes activity in obturation jaundice in 139 patients was studied up. In 54 patients (the first group) a Ringer solution and 10% solution of glucose in 1:1 ratio were applied; in 37 patients (the second group) - a sterofundin-G-5 solution; in 48 patients (the third group) - remaxol in a dose of 800 ml/day. Application of sterofundin-G-5 and remaxol as a component of infusion therapy have promoted a bile outflow intensity enhancement in early postoperative period in comparison with such while Ringer solution and 10% solution of glucose application. Remaxol more effectively have eliminated a hyperbilirubinemia, enzymemia and a HFBO disorder, than sterofundin-G-5.

[Induction of antimicrobial peptide synthesis by fat body cells in Calliphora vicina R.-D. (diptera, calliphoridae) larvae].

The fat body is the main place of synthesis if peptide antibiotics in insects. The goal of the present study was the search in the body of the larva Calliphora vicina for humoral factors inducing synthesis of antimicrobial peptides by fat body cells during trauma. The preliminary analysis has shown that the activation factor revealed in hemolymph is the thermostable hydrophilic compound with molecular mass less than 3 kDa. According to results of experiments, the integument epitheliocytes and hemocytes also release the humoral factors directly stimulating synthesis of antimicrobial peptides by fat body.

[The shift in plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity in coleoptile cells within maize seedling development].

The activity of plasma membrane H+-ATPase was cytochemically investigated in parenchyma cells of maize coleoptile. The intensity of ATP hydrolysis was determined by deposition of electron density sediment formed by lead and inorganic phosphate. The shift in the enzyme distribution and its hydrolytic activity in the plasma membrane of maize coleoptile cells were revealed within seedling development. The intensity of precipitation was quantified by Image Pro Plus. The maximum precipitation was determined in plasma membrane of coleoptile cells of 4-days-old seedlings. The data obtained coincide with the results of previous biochemical investigation of H+-ATPase hydrolytic activity, provided with purified plasma membrane vesicles. Nevertheless the increase in quantity and(or) activity of the enzyme was observed at the 4th day of seedling development which was characterized by slowing down of growth intensity. The results show the possibility of changes in quantity and distribution of the enzyme in plasma membrane during the differentiation process of cell elongation.

[Psychoneurological disorders in acute intoxications by psychotropic drugs and their correction using hyperbaric oxygenation].

The paper presents the results of a study of the clinical features of psychoneurological disorders in 178 patients with acute intoxications by various psychotropic drugs. Hyperbaric oxygenation showed positive changes in psychopathological syndromic kinesis. A sanogenetic rationale is provided for the method of choice in treating this category of patients.

[Parametric survival analysis in patients with cervical cancer following fractionated radiotherapy: a new procedures and results]. / Parametricheskii analiz vyzhivaemosti bol'nykh rakom sheiki matki posle fraktsionirovannoi radioterapii. Novyi metod i rezul'taty ego primeneniia.

A recent theoretical result of Kendal (1998) enabled us to develop a survival model which allows for proliferation of tumor clonogenic cells in the course of fractionated radiotherapy. We explored this model during an analysis of clinical data on survival of 982 patients with cancer of the cervix uteri. The model provided a good description of survival patterns in different groups of patients. The estimated cure probability did not correlate with the rates of cell proliferation between exposures to radiation. Also, our results showed that this parameter cannot be estimated from survival data. Some light has been thrown on the relationship of cell proliferations taking place between exposures, on the one hand, and end-results of treatment for cancer of the cervix uteri, on the other.

[Use of cytochrome C in the prevention of myocardial reperfusion injury during heart valve prosthesis implantation under conditions of extracorporeal circulation]. / Primenenie tsitokhroma C dlia profilaktiki reperfuzionnykh povrezhdenii miokarda pri protezirovanii klapanov serdtsa v usloviiakh iskusstvennogo krovoobrashcheniia.

Cytochrome C used at the postischemic period causes a rapid reestablishment of coronary circulation, hemodynamic parameters, prevents activation of lipid peroxidation in reoxygenation of the heart after prolonged total myocardial ischemia in patients with acute bacterial endocarditis in whom the prostheses of heart valves had been fulfilled. Parallel with the positive inotropic effect, Cytochrome C reduces the postloading and, as a result, transfers the cardiac muscle to a more profitable regimen. At the end of the myocardial ischemia period Cytochrome C provides rapid and effective recovery of the bioelectrical function of the heart, improves its pumping function, thus allowing the dose and duration of inotropic stimulation of the myocardium at the postischemic period to be reduced, lowers pulmonary resistance and finally leads to less postoperative intrahospital lethality from acute heart failure.

[The effect of cytochrome c on the myocardium during reperfusion]. / Vliianie tsitokhroma c na miokard vo vremia reperfuzii.

Experimental and clinical trials have shown high effectiveness of cytochrome c (0.5 mg/kg) in prevention of reperfusion myocardial disorders in cardiosurgical patients. Cytochrome c inhibits development of myocardial ischemic contracture, depression of coronary circulation, activation of lipid peroxidation. It reduces myocardial consumption of oxygen and promotes earlier restoration of fatty acids metabolism under lower glucose consumption by the heart muscle. By correction of myocardial metabolism, the drug suppresses fermentemia in early reperfusion.

[Identification of a multihit model for nonhomogeneous cell population]. / Identifikatsiia mnogoudarnoi modeli dlia neodnorodnoi kletochnoi populiatsii.

A generalized multihit-multitarget model for a nonhomogeneous, with respect to radiosensitivity, population of irradiated cells is presented. The least squares and the maximum likelihood estimation of the model parameters is given. The estimates quality is evaluated by the computer-based study. The results obtained show the possibility of the parametric identification of cell radiosensitivity distribution according to the "dose-response" data.

[A possible approach to the task of the individual choice of treatment for cancer patients]. / Vozmozhnyi podkhod k zadache individual'nogo vybora lecheniia onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

A procedure for choosing treatment for a cancer patient is suggested. The method was developed on the basis of data of a retrospective analysis of patient characteristics, type and results of treatment. It suggests the use of a computer and is aimed at assessment of a conventional function of survival for each treatment modality, comparison of these functions and choosing optimal therapeutic regimen with regard to patient characteristics. A method for experimental testing of the above procedure that does not require clinical trials is described.