[Association between level of intelligence and heart rate variability].

Earlier we discovered that heart rate variability was associated with the level of intelligence. The purpose of this study is to confirm this association using more reliable method and to define more precisely the frequency band within which the amplitude of the heart rate modulations is related to intelligence. 13 males (aged 14 to 17) were the study subjects. The total score of the computer game Tetris was taken as a general measure of the intelligence level. Heart rate was recorded electrocardiographically both at rest and during playing Tetris. Frequency analysis of heart rate was carried out with digital Fourier transformation. Correlation analysis showed that there was positive association between the level of intelligence and the amplitude of heart rate modulation at the frequencies 0.30 and 0.15 modulations per RR interval. This association is closer for the heart rate at rest than for the heart rate during mental work and for the frequency 0.30 than for the 0.15 modulations per RR interval.

[Reduction of the severity of affective disorders in patients with the first episode of schizophrenia using the method of bioacoustics correction].

Authors examined 17 adolescents, aged 15-17 years, during the manifestation of slow-progressive schizophrenia. The possibility of the correction of affective disorders, on the basis of involuntary self-regulation using bioacoustics correction (BAC), was studied. BAC method is based on on computed EEG transformation into acoustic signals. The use of BAC method led to the stable reduction of depression and anxiety and their corresponding clinical presentations. The positive changes in the patient's state were accompanied by the EEG reorganization. The decrease in the intensity of beta- and delta-index, the increase of the power of the alpha-rhythm and the decrease of the interhemispheric asymmetry were noted. It has been concluded, that the bioacoustics correction procedures promote the formation of new skills and behaviors by means of restructuring of conditioned reflexes and reshaping (redesigning) of time constraints in the central nervous system. BAC is recommended as an effective and physiologically adequate way of therapy in adolescent schizophrenic patients with anxiety-depressive syndromes.

[Association of heart rate variability and frontal cortex activation].

Literature data and results of our own research suggest that amplitude of periodic modulations of heart rate may be related to the cerebral cortex activity. Verification of this assumption was accomplished by searching for correlation between the heart rate periodogram (as a measure of amplitude of periodic modulations of heart rate at different frequencies), and electroencephalographic evaluation of the level of different cortical areas activation. Positive association between levels of activation of the frontal cortex and amplitude of heart rate modulation with the period of 3 modulations per heart rate interval was discovered.

[Adaptive training with electromyographic feedback after elimination of traumatic defects of wrist and fingers].

The objective of this work was to analyse the efficiency of adaptive training with electromyographic biological feedback in the early period after reconstruction of fingers depending on the character of wrist defects, the method of their correction, and etiology of the injury. Unique techniques were proposed for the training. Their effectiveness was evaluated based on clinical observations, results of electromyographic and biomechanical studies that demonstrated a significant increase of EMG amplitudes for different groups of wrist and forearm muscles during basic thumb movements (p = 0.05-0.0003) and changes of major biomechanical parameters (p = 0.007-0.000008) in the course of adaptive training with electromyographic biological feedback depending on EMG amplitude.

[Modulation of the functional activity of the acoustic and visual analyzers under conditions of listening to one's own EEG acoustic image of the temporal and occipital cortex areas].

Investigation into the functional activity of the acoustic and visual analyzer has been carried out before and after procedures of listening to one's own EEG of the temporal and occipital cortex areas. It has been shown, that there is a dependence of the dynamics of latent periods of sensomotor response to modality of stimuli and localization of source of the EEG acoustic image. After listening to acoustic image of the temporal EEG, a reduction of sensomotor reaction latency in the acoustic test has been observed. After listening to acoustic image of the occipital EEC, a reduction of sensomotor reaction latency in the visual test has been observed. In the control session after listening to A. Vivaldi's music, no significant shifts of sensomotor reaction latency have been observed. A conclusion has been made that, under conditions of local EEG-acoustic feedback, there is a selective elevation of functional activity of the brain areas used as the EEG-source for acoustic image forming.

[Speach breasing optimization with biofeedback on respiratory arrythmia of heart rate].

Dynamics of physiological and psychological characteristics of healthy volunteers (adolescents and adults), speech professionals (logopedics), and stutter patients (adolescents and adults) in process of adoptive self-regulation with biofeedback on objective physiologic indicator - changes of respiratory arrhythmia of hart rate were investigated. High level of efficacy and practicability of the method application was revealed to study, diagnostics, optimization and correction of breathing, speech and behavior.

[Use of electromagnetic feedback in the rehabilitation of children with injuries of the elbow joint]. / Primenenie EMG-obratnoi sviazi v reabilitatsii detei s povrezhdeniiami loktevogo sustava.

The paper is devoted to the non-drug functional treatment of children with elbow joint damages by the use of portable self-contained device, based on the principle of electromagnetic feedback. It is demonstrated that sending of artificial feedback signals (light, sound) at the moment of arbitrary contraction of the muscles being trained during 8-10 treatment procedures ensures restoration of muscular-articular sense, strength, endurance of weakened muscle groups, normalizes volume of motion in the elbow joint.

[Interaction of the motor centers in posture-evoked asymmetry]. / Vzaimodeistvie dvigatel'nykh tsentrov pri vyzvannoi poznoi asimmetrii.

The EMG of hindlimb muscles was studied in spinal cats in resting and in evoked responses prior to and after modelling posture asymmetry with brain extracts obtained from donor rats whose cortical and cerebellar motor areas were partially lesioned. After the extract administration, slow and diverse changes occurred in the EMG amplitude whereas a constant level of activity was only maintained for limited periods (4-10 min). The most frequent patterns of interaction among hindlimb muscles were revealed and the character of evoked responses was shown to depend on the initial spontaneous pattern. The different EMG patterns in spinal animals seem to be due to a "mosaic" effects of interneurons, the posture of asymmetry being related to disturbance of interaction among the interneurons.

[Use of portable biotechnological feedback devices in a system of active rehabilitative therapy in patients with post-stroke movement disorders]. / Primenenie portativnykh biotekhnicheskikh ustroistv s obratnoi sviaz'iu v sisteme aktivnoi vosstanovitel'noi terapii u bol'nykh s postinsul'tnymi dvigatel'nymi narusheniiami.

The authors present an adaptive biotraining technique employing automatic portable devices designed for post-stroke patients with secondary motor disturbances. The principal feasibility of a directed central reorganization and formation of new motoric skills in post-stroke patients with the paresis of upper extremities is demonstrated. The principles of correcting motor disturbances, developed for this cohort of patients, have enabled the authors to theoretically substantiate and introduce into clinical practice this effective method of functional therapy based on the active mobilization of brain reserves.

[Changes in the bioelectrical activity of the brain in children with spastic cerebral paralysis following correctional straightening of their gait]. / Izmeneniia bioélektricheskoi aktivnosti golovnogo mozga u detei s tserebral'nym spasticheskim paralichom v usloviiakh napravlennoi korrektsii khod'by.

In normal children and patients with cerebral spastic paralysis from 7--12 years there were similar changes of the bioelectric brain activity under conditions of directed correction of gait. There were 3 stages of EEG changes: desynchronozation, synchronization of the dominating rhythm, local synchronization in the form of flashes of the dominating rhythm biopotentials. It was established that a correlational interconnection of the level of integrated EMG and changes in the level of bioelectric brain activity is detected in normals and in ill children on a certain phase of elaborated motor habits. The authors demonstrated an increase of intrahemispheric correlational connections of the bioelectric activity in the motor zones in the process of directed correctional gait. The achieved data concerning the changed EEG in the process of a directed regulation of bioelectrical muscular activity during walking is one of the criteria of a formation of motor functions.

[Electrophysiological evaluation of the age-related characteristics of the central nervous system in children with spastic cerebral palsy]. / Elektrofiziologicheskaia otsenka vozrastnykh osobennostei tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy u detei s tserebral'nym spasticheskim paralichom.

As a result of the conducted studies, the authors were able to demonstrate that in children from 4-9 years with cerebral spastic paralysis the potentiated tonic reactions are preserved (the reflex of distention from the gastrocnemius muscle, cervico-tonical reflex to the extremities and reaction of support). The frequency and regularity of alpha-rhythm on the EEG of these children differ significantly from similar ones of normal children of the same age. As the children grow older, the frequency of exaltated tonic reactions decrease and at the same time the frequency and regularity of alpha-rhythms increases, however the differences compared to age norms are preserved. The authors are of the opinion that in older children with infantile cerebral paralysis, despite the retardation of the morpho-functional development of the higher areas of the brain, the degree of cortical maturity is sufficient to inhibit an increased activity of the stem centres regulating the muscular tone.

[Parameters of the reflex responses of cat spinal cord neurons during ontogenesis]. / Parametry reflektornykh otvetov neironov spinnogo mozga koshek v ontogeneze

In acute experiments on immobilized "spinal" 1-68 days old kittens and adult cats, extracellular recordings of action potentials (AP) in lumbar interneurons have been made during afferent or antidromic stimulation with different frequency. It was shown that variation coefficient of the number of AP in a response reliably decreases with the age of the animals, as well as during the decrease of stimulation frequency and the increase of the mean frequency of the background activity. More complex changes were found in the distribution asymmetry of the number of AP, whereas changes in the excess of the distribution were found to be insignificant. Possible physiological mechanisms of the observed dynamics are discussed.