[Clinical risk factors for the occurrence of tobacco dependence]. / Klinicheskie faktory riska vozniknoveniia tabachnoi zavisimosti.

In order to formulate a biosocial conception of tobacco dependence essential for fundamental grounding of smoking prevention, the authors examined 1106 subjects with smoking habits, smoking dependence and nonsmokers. A combination of internal and external factors is determined underlying the onset and maintenance of tobacco dependence. Risk factors responsible for consolidation of tobacco addiction are listed.

[The immunological status indices of monkeys inoculated with a meningococcal B vaccine]. / Pokazateli immunologicheskogo statusa obez'ian, privitykh meningokokkovoi B-vaktsinoi.

The method for the determination of bacterial antibodies to group B meningococci was worked out. The method was used for the determination of antibodies to group B meningococcal vaccine produced in the USSR. The dynamic study of antibodies to protein, polysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide antigens of group B meningococci was made by the method of the enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and the safety of the vaccine was studied by the determination of autoantibodies active against brain tissue antigens. The data thus obtained were indicative of the immunological activity of group B protein-polysaccharide vaccines, manifested by the capacity for stimulating bactericidal antibodies whose level increased 8- to 10-fold after the immunization of monkeys in 2 and 3 injections. Similarity in the dynamics of the formation of bacteriolysins and antibodies to protein antigen, as determined in EIA, was noted. The vaccine was found to stimulate no cytotoxic anticerebral antibodies in the glia migration test, which was indicative of the safety of group B meningococcal vaccine.

[Significance of cytotoxic anti-brain antibodies in the blood in infantile cerebral palsy]. / O znachenii tsitotoksicheskikh protivomozgovykh antitel v krovi pri detskom tserebral'nom paraliche.

The results of examining the blood serum of 75 children aged up to 2 years suffering from infantile cerebral paralysis of various gravity, as well as the results of analogous examinations of 21 healthy children are presented. Use was made of the immunological tests of glia migration inhibition, and of complement fixation. It was shown that the results of both tests characterized the gravity of the disease. The glia migration inhibition tests (performed with the use of brain antigen) has made it possible to detect cytotoxic anticerebral antibodies in children with a mild, moderate, and grave degrees of the disease much more often than the complement fixation test. The rise of the titres of those antibodies was found to be in a certain correlation with the disease gravity and outcome. The data obtained were compared with the results of morphological examinations of the brain of serum-positive children. Prospects of using the glia migration inhibition test in combinations with clinical and morphological examinations for further studies of the pathogenesis of the infantile cerebral paralysis are discussed.