[Hygienic assessment of organization of an educational process in the general education establishments of a large town].

The mental health status of a rising generation is a necessary condition for acquiring professional knowledge and work skills and socializing the personality. In the opinion of many investigators, schoolchildren's mental health maintenance depends on the correct organization of a teaching process and on the observance of the hygienic academic work standards to a large measure. The assessment of organization of a teaching process at different types of urban general educational establishments has revealed a number of failures to observe the sanitary-and-epidemiological regulations and standards of SanPin 2.4.2.1178, these failures being most pronounced at innovational schools of mainly liberal education (gymnasia). Comparative assessment of the emotional status of pupils from the schools being examined, by studying the rates of anxiety and depression, has indicated that mental dysadaptation of pupils from innovational schools is significantly higher than that in those from secondary general educational ones. Mental dysadaptation is more evident in gymnasium pupils than that in lyceum ones. The evaluation of the impact of an academic load at the examined schools on the development of mental dysadaptation in the pupils has confirmed that there is a direct correlation with their emotional status in terms of the rates of anxiety and depression, suggesting that an academic load plays a key role in the development of mental dysadaptation in pupils and that there is a need for searching for the most effective and acceptable mechanisms of its optimization in order to prevent mental dysadaptation in schoolchildren.

[Main trends in the physical development of young children].

The physical development ofjunior schoolchildren living in Ufa, a large industrial town, was studied. The findings were compared with the data of the 1946-1947, 1972, and 1998 studies of physical development. Analysis of the materials indicated that the accelerating processes among young children continued till the end of the previous century, the maximum change in anthropometric indices being observed in the period of 1947 to 1972. In the past years, there has been a gradual decrease in the average values of length in junior schoolchildren and there has been a tendency for body weight and chest circumference to decrease.