[The potential of ultrasonographic detection of vascular pathology of the bowel in children with portal hypertension syndrome].

Complex ultrasonography gives the objective information about the structure of liver and spleen, as well as about the blood flow in the bowel vessels. Color flow mapping makes it possible to determine the grade of the blood filling of the bowel wall in children with portal hypertension syndrome (PHS). We have provided the qualitative indices of intestinal blood flow in healthy children and in children with PHS.

[Echographic signs of biliary atresia]. / Ekhograficheskie priznaki biliarnoi atrezii.

The assessment of echographic features of biliary atresia was conducted in 65 newborn children ageing up to 3 mo. Their characteristic variants were revealed: the absence or reduction in size of gall-bladder, the presence of hyperechogenic triangular formation in V. portae bifurcation (the symptom of "triangular cicatrix"); the thickening of anterior wall of V. portae right branch. The timely and correct establishment of the diagnosis permits a child to survive and serve the hepatic fibrosis prophylaxis. Echohepatography is a sufficiently trustful method of investigation.

[The treatment of acute esophagogastric hemorrhage in the portal hypertension syndrome in children]. / Lechenie ostrogo pishchevodno-zheludochnogo krovotecheniia pri sindrome portal'noi gipertenzii u detei.

Twenty-eight children were treated in the clinic for acute gastro-esophageal bleeding in portal hypertension syndrome. Conservative therapy has proved to be effective in 85.8% of cases. Endoscopic sclerotherapy was successfully used in 9 of the 11 patients. In ineffective conservative treatment for 24-48 hrs from the onset of bleeding, the authors consider suturing the esophago-gastric junction with ligation of the gastric vein and blocking the arterial splenic blood flow as an operation of choice.

[Diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract obstruction in children with biliary atresia]. / Diagnostika i lechenie narushenii prokhodimosti zhelchevyvodiash- chikh putei pri porokakh razvitiia u mladentsov.

Fifty children from one month to 14 years of age were examined and subjected to surgical treatment. Atresia of the bile ducts was diagnosed in 34 of them, hypoplasia of the bile ducts in 5, and a cyst of the choledochus in 11. Biliary atresia was managed by different variants of portoenterostomy, mostly after Kasai I, and two operations of cholecystojejunostomy were conducted in the so-called correctable type of atresia. 5 patients with biliary hypoplasia were treated by cholecystectomy, lavage of the bile ducts, and denervation of the hepatic artery. The following operations were carried out on 11 patients with a cyst of the choledochus: extirpation of the cyst with subsequent hepaticojejunostomy in 4, cystojejunostomy in 5, and cystoduodenostomy in 2 patients. Ultrasonic examination of the liver was undertaken in all 50 patients with impaired patency of the biliary tract as a screening test. Nine patients died in the postoperative period.

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of common bile duct cysts in children]. / Diagnostika i khirurgicheskoe lechenie kist obshchego zhelchnogo protoka u detei.

The authors treated 11 children at the age of from 2 mos to 14 yrs with the common bile duct cysts. The common bile duct cyst extirpation with the hepatico-jejunoanastomosis formation is considered an operation of choice.