Victus Ordine Constituto: la alimentación en la medicina de Amato Lusitano, una aproximación / Victus ordine constituto: an approach towards diet in Amatus Lusitanus medicine

Parte de la tarea médica del portugués João Rodrigues de Castelo Branco, pseudónimo de Amato Lusitano (1511-1568), consiste en atender o modificar la dieta de sus pacientes. A través de las prescripciones de la Centuria Tertia, uno de los libros que componen su obra Curationum Medicinalium Centuriae, podemos ver el amplio número de alimentos utilizados con fines terapéuticos, algunos realmente costosos. También conocemos cómo la atención de este médico por la dieta exige la obediencia del paciente.(AU)

The medical practice of João Rodrigues de Castelo Branco, also known as Amatus Lusitanus (1511-1568), pays particular attention to the establishment or modification of the dietary customs of his patients. The prescriptions included in the third volume (Centuria Tertia) of his book Curationum Medicinalium Centuriae show the wide range of food products used for therapy purposes, some of them really expensive. It is also remarkable that Amatus demands obedience to his dietary regulations from his patients.(AU)

Organosilane-Based Coating of Quartz Species from the Traditional Ceramics Industry: Evidence of Hazard Reduction Using In Vitro and In Vivo Tests.

The exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS), e.g. quartz, in industrial settings can induce silicosis and may cause tumours in chronic periods. Consequently, RCS in the form of quartz and cristobalite has been classified as human lung carcinogen category 1 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 1997, acknowledging differences in hazardous potential depending on source as well as chemical, thermal, and mechanical history. The physico-chemical determinants of quartz toxicity are well understood and are linked to density and abundance of surface silanol groups/radicals. Hence, poly-2-vinylpyridine-N-oxide and aluminium lactate, which effectively block highly reactive silanol groups at the quartz surface, have formerly been introduced as therapeutic approaches in the occupational field. In the traditional ceramics industry, quartz-containing raw materials are indispensable for the manufacturing process, and workers are potentially at risk of developing quartz-related lung diseases. Therefore, in the present study, two organosilanes, i.e. Dynasylan® PTMO and Dynasylan® SIVO 160, were tested as preventive, covalent quartz-coating agents to render ceramics production safer without loss in product quality. Coating effectiveness and coating stability (up to 1 week) in artificial alveolar and lysosomal fluids were first analysed in vitro, using the industrially relevant quartz Q1 as RCS model, quartz DQ12 as a positive control, primary rat alveolar macrophages as cellular model system (75 µg cm-2; 4 h of incubation ± aluminium lactate to verify quartz-related effects), and lactate dehydrogenase release and DNA strand break induction (alkaline comet assay) as biological endpoints. In vitro results with coated quartz were confirmed in a 90-day intratracheal instillation study in rats with inflammatory parameters as most relevant readouts. The results of the present study indicate that in particular Dynasylan® SIVO 160 (0.2% w/w of quartz) was able to effectively and stably block toxicity of biologically active quartz species without interfering with technical process quality of certain ceramic products. In conclusion, covalent organosilane coatings of quartz might represent a promising strategy to increase workers' safety in the traditional ceramics industry.

Galli Vocant Istum Morbum eius cvivs est. Otra designación para el "Mal Francés" / Galli Vocant Istum Morbum eius cvivs est. Another designation for the French disease

Berengario da Carpi en su Comentario a la Anatomia de Mondito (1521) recurre a la expresión morbus eius cuius est como forma de referirse al ‘morbo gálico’. Nuestra intención es tratar de comprender esta expresión tanto en el plano formal como en el marco de la reflexión contemporánea sobre la enfermedad

Berengario da Carpi, in Anatomiam Mundi Commentarius (1521), writes morbus eius cuius est as equivalent of Morbus Gallicus. We anime to understand this expression in its morphology as well as the way the medical profession considered this illness in his time

["Galli vocant istvm morbvm morbvm eius cvivs est.": another designation for the French disease]. / "Galli vocant istvm morbvm morbvm eius cvivs est.": otra designación para el "mal francés."

Berengario da Carpi, in "Anatomiam Mundini Commentarius" (1521) writes "morbus eius cuius est" as equivalent of "Morbus Gallicus." We aim to understand this expression in its morphology as well as in the way the medical profession considered this illness at his time.