[Compared nutritional assessment for older adults at family medicine settings]. / Evaluación nutricional comparada del adulto mayor en consultas de medicina familiar.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The nutritional state assessment have important implications to consider both: prognosis and prevention of diseases related to older adults. This study was designed to compare the assessment of the nutritional state, in alder adults, via Mini Nutritional Assessment with those obtained via evaluation of caloric ingest and anthropometric, biochemical and immunological parameters at family medicine centers. POPULATION AND METHODS: The nutritional status was assessed in 153 older adults, 93 men and 64 women, whose received medical attention at a primary care unit, the age average was 69.66 +/- 7.94 years old. The nutritional assessment obtained with Mini Nutritional assessment was compared to those obtained via biochemical and immunological parameters (hemoglobin, serum total proteins, albumin, cholesterol and lymphocytes) and anthropometric parameters (size, weight, body mass index). RESULTS: Body Mass Index (BMI) was 26.96 +/- 5.1 kg/m(2). Once the adults were evaluated with the MNA questionnaire, malnourishment was found in 47 patients (29.9%), risk of malnutrition in 86 patients (54.8%), and no risk for malnutrition 24 patients (15.3%). The MNA questionnaire was the strongest instrument to assess the nutritional status in older adults and to predict the risk of malnutrition in such population, (sensibility =96%, specificity= 98%, positive predictive value=97% and negative predictive value= 88%). The most important relations founded among variables to assess the nutritional status in older adults were the following: MNA-BMI (c(2) = 51.314 con gl = 6, p < 0.001); MNA-serum total proteins (c(2) = 46.989, gl = 2; p < 0.001); BMI-serum albumin (c(2) = 37.508, gl = 3; p < 0.001); MNA-Daily Carbone-hidrate ingestion (c(2) = 21.50, gl = 4; p < 0.001); MNA-Daily lipids ingestion (c(2) = , gl = 2; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The MNA predicts in opportune form the risk of malnutrition and the state of malnutrition the older adults previously to anthropometric, biochemical and immunological parameters. We recommend to use it, to do nutritional evaluation of older adults one time a year and in those adults in whom the risk of malnutrition or malnutrition have been detected, we recommend to complete the nutritional evaluation via determination of biochemical, immunological and anthropometric parameters mentioned above.

Evaluación nutricional comparada del adulto mayor en consultas de medicina familiar / Compared nutritional assessment for older adults at family medicine settings

Introducción y objetivo: La evaluación del estado nutricional del adulto mayor resulta importante como criterio de prevención y pronóstico de enfermedades relacionadas con la vejez. Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de comparar el estado nutricional del adulto mayor evaluado a través de la encuesta Mini Nutricional Assessment, MNA), con aquel resultante de la evaluación de la ingesta calórica y parámetros antropométricos, bioquímicos e inmunológicos en consultas de medicina familiar. Población en estudio y métodos: Fue evaluado el estado nutricional de 157 adultos mayores, 93 varones y 64 mujeres, con edades 69,66 ± 7,94 años, que asistían a consulta de medicina familiar con la encuesta Mini Nutritional Assessment y este se comparó con el resultante de la evaluación con recordatorio de 24 horas, con parámetros antropométricos (peso, talla, índice de masa corporal), y marcadores bioquímicos e inmunológicos (hemoglobina, proteínas totales, albúmina, colesterol y linfocitos). Resultados: El índice de masa corporal promedio fue 26,96 ± 5,1 kg/m2. Luego de evaluar a los adultos mayores con el MNA se encontró que tenían malnutrición a 47 pacientes (29,9%), riesgo de malnutrición 86 (54,8%), y sin riesgo de malnutrición 24(15,3%). El MNA fue el instrumento más robusto para evaluar el estado nutricional del adulto mayor y predecir el riesgo de malnutrición en estos (sensibilidad = 96%, especificidad = 98%, valor predictivo positivo = 97% y valor predictivo negativo = 88%). Las asociaciones más importantes entre las variables usadas para realizar la valoración del estado nutricional del adulto mayor fueron MNA-índice de masa corporal (c2 = 51.314 con gl = 6, p < 0,001); MNA-proteínas totales (c2 = 46.989, gl = 2; p < 0,001); IMC-albúmina sérica total (c2 = 37.508, gl = 3; p < 0,001); MNA-Ingesta de hidratos de carbono en 24 horas (c2 = 21.50, gl = 4; p < 0,001); MNAIngesta de lípidos en 24 horas (c2 = , gl = 2; p < 0,001). Conclusión: La MNA predice en forma oportuna el riesgo de malnutrición en el adulto mayor previo a los parámetros antropométricos, bioquímicos e inmunológicos y sugerimos su uso al menos una vez al año para evaluar el estado nutricional del adulto mayor, el cual deberá completarse con la determinación de otros parámetros bioquímicos, inmunológicos y antropométricos en aquellos adultos con riesgo de malnutrición y malnutridos (AU)

Introduction and objective: The nutritional state assessment have important implications to considerer both: prognosis and prevention of diseases related to older adults. This study was designed to compare the assessment of the nutritional state, in alder adults, via Mini Nutritional Assessment with those obtained via evaluation of caloric ingest and anthropometric, biochemical and immunological parameters at family medicine centers. Population and methods: The nutritional status was assessed in 153 older adults, 93 men and 64 women, whose received medical attention at a primary care unit, the age average was 69.66 ± 7.94 years old. The nutritional assessment obtained with Mini Nutritional assessment was compared to those obtained via biochemical and immunological parameters (hemoglobin, serum total proteins, albumin, cholesterol and lymphocytes) and anthropometric parameters (size, weight, body mass index). Resultados: Body Mass Index (BMI) was 26.96 ± 5.1 kg/m2. Once the adults were evaluated with the MNA questionnaire, malnourishment was found in 47 patients (29.9%), risk of malnutrition in 86 patients (54.8%), and no risk for malnutrition 24 patients (15.3%). The MNA questionnaire was the strongest instrument to assess the nutritional status in older adults and to predict the risk of malnutrition in such population, (sensibility =96%, specificity= 98%, positive predictive value=97% and negative predictive value= 88%). The most important relations founded among variables to assess the nutritional status in older adults were the following: MNA-BMI (c2 = 51.314 con gl = 6, p < 0.001); MNA-serum total proteins (c2 = 46.989, gl = 2; p < 0.001); BMI-serum albumin (c2 = 37.508, gl = 3; p < 0.001); MNA-Daily Carbone-hidrate ingestion (c2 = 21.50, gl = 4; p < 0.001); MNA-Daily lipids ingestion (c2 = , gl = 2; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The MNA predicts in opportune form the risk of malnutrition and the state of malnutrition the older adults previously to anthropometric, biochemical and immunological parameters. We recommend to use it, to do nutritional evaluation of older adults one time a year and in those adults in whom the risk of malnutrition or malnutrition have been detected, we recommend to complete the nutritional evaluation via determination of biochemical, immunological and anthropometric parameters mentioned above (AU)

[Macronutrients consumption and lifestyle in patients whose received transplant of kidney in The Mexican Institute for Social Security]. / Consumo de macronutrientes y estilo de vida en pacientes con trasplante renal que acudieron a un evento deportivo nacional.

The transplant offer the best quality of life to patients whose suffer from advanced chronic renal failure. This work was undertaken to know the lifestyle and macronutrients consume patterns in patients from the Mexican Institute for Social Security whose received a transplanted kidney . Demographic and anthropometric information were obtained from 119 transplanted patients and consume patterns were obtained from them through the recall of 24 hours. The IMEVID questionnaire was used to assess the lifestyle in this population. This instrument was previously validated for its reliability, its showed a value of 0.681 for alpha of Cronbach and 0.685 for Spearman-Brown test. The 70% of the patients showed less favourable lifestyles and there were no differences between genders. There were significative differences among states of the country where the subjects lived; attending the following domains of the IMEVID questionnaire. Information, physical activity and adjustment to the treatment (p < 0.001). In those States near the american border the BMI was superior to the 25 kg/m(2), there were significatives differences attending ideal and real ingestion among States of the country, (p < 0.05). The protein consumption was higher in patients living in Michoacan to those reported from patients living in other states of the country (p < 0.05)and the lipids consumption was higher in Nuevo Leon in comparison with those reported from patients living in other states of the country (p < 0.05). It is frequent to find non favourable lifestyles in patients with transplant of the kidney, even when they practices physical exercise. The promotion of healthy lifestyles via educative strategies of high impact, in patients with transplant is necessary to avoid highly cost complications and rejection of the graft.

Consumo de macronutrientes y estilo de vida en pacientes con trasplante renal que acudieron a un evento deportivo nacional / Macronutrients consumption and lifestyle in patients whose received transplant of kidney in the mexican institute for social security

El transplante renal es la opción terapeútica que más calidad de vida ofrece al enfermo con Insuficiencia renal crónica avanzada. Este trabajo se hizo con el objetivo de conocer el estilo de vida y patrones de consumo de macronutrientes en pacientes del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, que recibieron transplante renal. Se obtuvo información sociodemográfica, antropométrica de 119 individuos postrasplantados de riñón que acudieron a un evento deportivo nacional y se estudió su consumo de macronutrientes a través del recordatorio de 24 hrs. Para evaluar el estilo de vida se utilizó el instrumento IMEVID, este instrumento fue previamente validado y mostró una fiabilidad de 0.681 con el alfa de Cronbach y de 0.685 con el método de Spearman-Brown. El estilo de vida predominante fue el poco favorable el cual se encontró en cerca del 70% de los casos estudiados (p < 0,05), no se encontraron diferencias de género en cuanto al estilo de vida. En los Estados Mexicanos próximos a Estados Unidos de Norteamérica el IMC promedio fue superior al 25 kg/m2, se observaron diferencias entre ingesta de macronutrientes y entre ingesta real e ideal entre los sitios de procedencia de los pacientes (p < 0,05). El análisis de varianza entre los sitios de procedencia de los pacientes mostró diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) en los siguientes dominios de la encuesta IMEVID: actividad física, información y apego. El consumo de proteínas fue significativamente superior en pacientes trasplantados provenientes de Michoacán respecto al resto de los Estados (p < 0,05) y el consumo de lípidos fue significativamente superior en pacientes de Nuevo León respecto a aquellos que vivían en el resto de los Estados (p < 0,05). Es muy frecuente encontrar estilos de vida poco favorable en pacientes transplantados de riñón aún cuando estos realicen ejercicio físico, por lo que es necesario promover la práctica de estilos de vida favorables en esta población a fin de lograr mayor sobrevida del injerto y disminuir los costos derivados de complicaciones a través de estrategias educativas de alto impacto (AU)

The transplant offer the best quality of life to patients whose suffer from advanced chronic renal failure. This work was undertaken to know the lifestyle and macronutrients consume patterns in patients from the Mexican Institute for Social Security whose received a transplanted kidney . Demographic and anthropometric information were obtained from 119 transplanted patients and consume patterns were obtained from them through the recall of 24 hours. The IMEVID questionnaire was used to assess the lifestyle in this population. This instrument was previously validated for its reliability, its showed a value of 0.681 for alpha of Cronbach and 0.685 for Spearman-Brown test. The 70% of the patients showed less favourable lifestyles and there were no differences between genders. There were significative differences among states of the country where the subjects lived; attending the following domains of the IMEVID questionnaire. Information, physical activity and adjustment to the treatment (p < 0.001). In those States near the american border the BMI was superior to the 25 kg/m2, there were significatives differences attending ideal and real ingestion among States of the country, (p < 0.05). The protein consumption was higher in patients living in Michoacan to those reported from patients living in other states of the country (p < 0.05)and the lipids consumption was higher in Nuevo Leon in comparison with those reported from patients living in other states of the country (p < 0.05). It is frequent to find non favourable lifestyles in patients with transplant of the kidney, even when they practices physical exercise. The promotion of healthy lifestyles via educative strategies of high impact, in patients with transplant is necessary to avoid highly cost complications and rejection of the graft (AU)

Hay relación entre estado nutricional estimado por antropometría y tipología familiar, en niños mexicanos entre 1 y 4 años / There is relationship between nutritional status assessed by anthropometry and family tipology in mexican children between one and four years old

No disponible

No disponible