RESUMO
Disaster victim identification is structured according to international recommendations on the attempt to optimize forensic logistics. The International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) establishes primary and secondary methods for human identification. This study aimed to revisit the existing literature to address the forensic importance of tattoos. The scientific literature has shown advances in the forensic analyses of tattoos specially when it comes to the application of especial imaging techniques, namely photography with infrared light to visualize latent tattoo inks and cover-up tattoos, as well as the use of biochemical processing to distinguish components of the tattoo inks. Other relevant aspect is the fields dedicated to tattoo descriptions in software used worldwide for disaster victim identification, namely PlassData. Coding systems have been proposed as well to facilitate communication in the human identification process. The future of forensic analyses of tattoos is promising considering the increase of research in recent years. Forensic practice might benefit from it with more scientific evidence to support the utilization of tattoo analyses in casework
A identificação de vítimas de desastres em massa é estruturada de acordo com recomendações internacionais na tentativa de otimizar a logística forense. A INTERPOL (International Criminal Police Organization) estabelece métodos primários e secundários para identificação humana. Este estudo teve como objetivo revisitar a literatura existente para abordar a importância forense das tatuagens. A literatura científica tem mostrado avanços nas análises forenses de tatuagens, especialmente no que diz respeito à aplicação de técnicas especiais de imaginologia, como a fotografia com luz infravermelha para visualizar tintas latentes de tatuagens e tatuagens de cobertura, bem como a utilização de processamento bioquímico para distinguir componentes das tintas de tatuagem. Outro aspecto relevante são os campos dedicados à descrição de tatuagens em softwares utilizados mundialmente para identificação de vítimas de desastres em massa, como o PlassData. Sistemas de codificação também foram propostos para facilitar a comunicação no processo de identificação humana. O futuro das análises forenses de tatuagens é promissor considerando o aumento das pesquisas nos últimos anos. A prática forense pode beneficiar-se com mais evidências científicas para apoiar a utilização de análises de tatuagens na condução de casos periciais
RESUMO
Introduction: Over the last decade, Botulinum Toxin (BT) gained space in the armamentarium of drugs used for orofacial aesthetics. The contemporary scenario of Dentistry led to new horizons within aesthetic treatments founded on the application of BT. Objective: This study aimed to report a case of fake type-A BT sold to a dentist on training for orofacial aesthetics. Material and methods: During a 16-hour training course, a dentist bought form a reference seller a "so-called" quality drug allegedly consisting of type-A BT. After suspecting of fake drug based on uncommon label and flask, the dentist sent images of the product to the laboratory responsible for registering the drug at the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA). Results: The laboratory confirmed the fake drug. ANVISA blocked the commercialization, use and distribution of the product as well as made efforts to remove the available products from the market. Parallel police investigations were carried out and forensic expertise for drug profiling was accomplished confirming the fake drug. Conclusion: This study drives attention to the possibility of existing fake drug commercialization to dentists dedicated to orofacial aesthetics, and the potential impact of this drugs if used in patients. Consequences might extend to penalties in the consumer relation interface, as well as in the criminal field as offense against public health.
