[Comparative study of morphometric parameters of the descending sigmoid sphincter according to the data of optical and virtual colonoscopy].

Morphometric parameters of a descending sigmoid sphincter (DSS) were defined in 32 patients of both sexes aged 20-71 years (average age: 48.0 +/- 2.2 years) with various forms of colon lumen at the site of sphincter. Densitometric indices of DSS and surrounding soft tissues were estimated. Vital morphological peculiarities of descending-sigmoid junction of the colon were demonstrated, and the diameter of the colon at the level of a sphincter was defined. The data obtained confirm the anatomical character of the colon sphincters and may be used as a basis for the interpretation of optical and virtual endoscopic images and DSS description for the application in differential diagnostics and precision surgery of various colon diseases.

[Virtual colonoscopy in the evaluation of colorectal cancer].

548 patients, aged 32-78 years, underwent virtual colonoscopy followed by common optical colonoscopy, which served as a reference standard. 21 tumors were diagnosed, in 2 cases the lesion was identified in segments of colon, where optical colonoscope failed to pass. Thus, sensitivity of the virtual colonoscopy for colorectal cancer was 100% and specificity comprised 92%.

[Vertebrogenic and atherosclerotic mechanisms of vertebral basilar insufficiency: comparative ultrasonic characteristics].

Using a complex of ultrasonic methods, vertebral basilar system hemodynamics has been evaluated in normal state and in case of vertebral basilar insufficiency (VBI). The differential diagnostic criteria of atherosclerotic and vertebrogenic types of VBI development have been obtained that enables to individualize the therapeutic approaches.

[A case of multiple exostotic chondrodysplasia in combination with Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome]. / Sluchai sochetaniia mnozhestvennoi ékzostoznoi khondrodisplazii i sindroma Vol'fa-Parkinsona-Uaita.

A case of a rare combination of two congenital diseases--multiple exostotic chondrodysplasia and Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome--is reported. The disease ran with episodes of cardiac fibrillation. The patient died suddenly.

[Radiation diagnosis of uncomplicated compression spinal fractures in children]. / Luchevaia diagnostika neoslozhnennykh kompressionnykh perelomov tel pozvonkov u detei.

Experiments on rabbits compared the X-ray, morphological, and magnetic resonance imaging of compression fractures of the vertebral body. Edema of the bone marrow of the vertebral body was ascertained to be a basic morphological substrate that evokes a modified MR signal. The data on 178 children with suspected compression fracture of the vertebral body were used to consider the potentialities of MRI and X-ray study in this pathology. The MRI semiotics of uncomplicated compression fractures of vertebral bodies is presented. The sensitivities of MRI and spondylography in the diagnosis of compression fractures of vertebral bodies were 100 and 62.5%, respectively.

[Dysplasia-dependent abnormalities of the temporomandibular joint]. / Displastikozavisimaia patologiia visochno-nizhnecheliustnogo sustava.

The purpose of this study was to reveal the relationship between temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction and dysplasia of connective tissue (DCT). This investigation included 53 (34 female and 19 male) patients with TMJ internal derangement (ID) and 53 controls; 24 patients with marked and 53 patients with mild dysfunction of this joint. The symptoms of DCT (such as scoliosis, general joint hypermorbility) and TMJ ID were revealed. Results of this study prove that DCT is one of etiological factors of TMJ ID. The relationship between type of ID and severity of DCT was revealed.

[Roentgeno-functional study of the talocrural joint in the long-term follow-up of a fracture of the crural bone]. / Rentgenofunktsional'noe issledovanie golenostopnogo sustava v otdalennyi period posle pereloma kostei goleni.

On the basis of the results of clinicoroentgenological and tensographic investigations of 119 patients after traumas of the crural bones and ankle joint (2-36 yrs. ago) the authors showed the importance of roentgenofunctional investigation of the ankle joint, a patient being in a standing position with maximum flexion and extension of the foot. A specially designed footing was proposed. Of 77 patients after intra-articular fractures of the ankle bones various disorders in articular proportions, undetectable on routine roentgenography, were diagnosed in 29 by functional roentgenography. Articular changes on roentgenofunctional investigation were revealed in one patient only out of 42 patients with extra-articular fractures of the crural bones. Tensography showed disorders of foot biomechanics in all patients with subluxations in the ankle.

[A device for use in podography]. / Ustroistvo dlia podografii.

Described in the paper is the podographic unit for measuring a foot eversion angle and time- and phase-dependent parameters of foot swing and stance. It may be useful in examinations of sportsmen and young people, in mass population screening for detection of gait defects and their correction, in the course of diagnostic orthopedic studies of the lower limbs.